17 December 2023

Val Hoyle: Oregon's Representative for Israel

Oregon's newly-elected U.S. Rep. Val Hoyle is a big disappointment. Although she amassed an impressive record while serving in the Oregon legislature as a representative for the Eugene area, she has established an unbroken record of loyalty to AIPAC, the American Israel Public Affairs Committee.

She apparently has not noticed the political earthquake created by the attack on Israel by Hamas, the elected government of Gaza, on October 7, 2023.

Our President, Genocide Joe Biden, has certainly noticed. His polling numbers have plummeted because of his support for Israel in its war against Hamas. That suggests that Hoyle might not want to ride Biden's coattails, particularly on the Palestine issue.

But on November 28, 2023, Hoyle voted "yea" on H.Res.888, Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist, which was adopted. That resolution "recognizes that denying Israel's right to exist is a form of antisemitism." Oh, no, Rep. Hoyle, as a retired lawyer I can tell you, that's a legal question and you gave it the wrong answer. Israel was established illegally in defiance of the U.N. Charter's decolonization provisions and as a matter of law must be abolished to be succeeded by the form of government chosen by plebiscite of all citizens of the former Mandate Territory of Palestine. See my missive, Palestine: The Two-State Solution Is Illegal.

The U.S. House of Representatives on December 5, 2023 passed Resolution 894 "clearly and firmly stat[ing] that anti-Zionism is antisemitism." The resolution passed but 92 Democrats voted "present." Among them was Rep. Val Hoyle.

Voting "present" should not be confused with disapproval. That would have been expressed by a "no" vote. By allowing the bill to poss without expressing disapproval says, in effect, "I do not care."

The semanticists amongst us vehemently disagree. Anti-semitism is hostility or hatred directed at Jews. Anti-Zionism is opposition to the contemptible ruling ideology in Israel that privileges Jews over the rights of indigenous Palestinians. Israeli hasbarists attempt to conflate the two terms, but they might as well conflate the meanings of elephants and mice. It's a matter of what the English language means.

As if that were not enough, Ms. Hoyle voted "yea" on "H.Con.Res.57 - Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel," a bill passed both by the House and by the Senate, then signed into law by our President on January 3, 2023.

That law in its entirety reads as follows:

Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That it is the sense of Congress that—

(1) the State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state;

(2) Congress rejects all forms of antisemitism and xenophobia; and

(3) the United States will always be a staunch partner and supporter of Israel.


To say that "the State of Israel is not a racist or apartheid state" simply blinks past reality. Human rights organizations such as Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and B'tselem are unanimous after considerable investigation in holding that Israel in fact is a racist or apartheid state, legally a crime against humanity and a violation of the International Criminal Court's Rome Statute. See ibid.‌, article 7.

Expressing blindness to reality and eternal loyalty to Israel asks that those who would vote for her join her in that cesspool. No thanks.

Ms. Hoyle may feel that her chances of reelection are improved if she swims with the Democratic Party AIPAC crowd. But that would be to swim in a sea of Jewish supremacy, racism, and dishonesty that just may lead to her defeat in the 2024 election. She's certainly lost my vote if she does not quickly change course away from AIPAC toward far more humanitarian values.

We will probably learn just how enamored Val Hoyle is of Israel's continuing slaughter of innocents in Gaza in the coming days when Congress will vote on Genocide Joe's requested funding to continue that massive war crime. Now over 20,000 killed, two thirds of them women and children. Over 70,000 killed, maimed, or missing.

Will Val Hoyle continue to stand with Israel?

07 December 2023

Palestine: The Two-State Solution Is Illegal

Zionism is the Jewish people’s right to self-determination … that’s not something that can be taken from me, and how dare you try and do that.
Dani Zborovsky, as quoted in Shiri Moshe, Ohio State University Student Leaders Overwhelmingly Reject Anti-Israel Boycott for Fifth Time, The Algemeiner (6 December 2018),

The "peoples" entitled to self-determination as a group do not include Jews. Rather, the right of self-determination belongs to the people of the world's former colonies and trust territories, one of which is the former Mandate Territory of Palestine. See the decolonization provisions of the U.N. Charter, Articles 73, et seq.

The applicable law is unambiguous:

States have consistently emphasized that respect for the territorial integrity of a non-self-governing territory is a key element of the exercise of the right to self-determination under international law. The Court considers that the peoples of non-self-governing territories are entitled to exercise their right to self-determination in relation to their territory as a whole, the integrity of which must be respected by the administering Power. It follows that any detachment by the administering Power of part of a non-self-governing territory, unless based on the freely expressed and genuine will of the people of the territory concerned, is contrary to the right to self-determination.
Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965, International Court of Justice (25 February 2019), pg. 38.

This language clearly covers merger and secession but the right to decide belongs to the whole population of a particular territorial unit. However, it is a very pragmatic view of the international community for preventing disorder because under a “speedy decolonization” it is almost impossible to consider every opinion of every ethnic group: who wants to unite with whom and who wants to secede. … The principle of self-determination prevails only under the condition that the term “a people” means the entire population of non-self-governing territory.
Vita Gudeleviciute, Does the Principle of Self-Determination
Prevail over the Principle of Territorial Integrity?
2:2 Int. J. Baltic Law (2005), pp. 57-58. Indeed, if Jews have a right to determine the form of their own government, then why not Mormons, Presbyterians, and Methodists? The world is awash with peoples who have no legal right as a group to their own form of government.

The "people" of Palestine did not in 1948 decide to carve off a portion of their territory to be governed by Zionist Jews. And just as the passage of time and changes in the situation on the ground did not warrant an exception in the Chagos Archipelago case, it follows necessarily that the nation of Israel was illegally formed, that it was and is up to all citizens of the former British Mandate Territory of Palestine as a group to determine the form of their government. If they desire a two-state solution or a single-state solution, that is up to them to decide, not to any group of outsiders who wish to impose their own solution.

We should be deciding how to enable a plebiscite on that issue in Palestine, not endlessly debating whether a two-state solution should be implemented. The two-state solution is the product of ignorance and mendacity justifying an apartheid system of government that deserves no further serious consideration. It is past time for the abolition of the illegal state of Israel and recognition of the nation of Palestine, to be determined by a vote of its people.

* * *


RIGHTS: This outline's author, Paul E. Merrell, J.D., hereby waives all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this document, pursuant to the Creative Commons CC0 Universal relinquishment of rights found at http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/.


01 December 2023

Israel's Dahiya Doctrine and Its Use of Unnecessary Force

Those who have not studied Israel's military strategy probably have not come across reference to Israel's Dahiya doctrine and its deliberate use of disproportionate force, which is a war crime. This post aims to provide an overview of that topic.
The Dahiya doctrine, or Dahya doctrine, is a military strategy of asymmetric warfare, outlined by former Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Chief of General Staff Gadi Eizenkot, which encompasses the destruction of the civilian infrastructure of regimes deemed to be hostile as a measure calculated to deny combatants the use of that infrastructure and endorses the employment of "disproportionate force" to secure that end.
Anon., Dahiya Doctrine (undated) Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahiya_doctrine (Accessed: 25 October 2023) (footnotes omitted).

29 November 2023

The Players, Gaza v. Israel

The Players, Gaza v. Israel

Table of contents


About This Outline

The Players, Gaza v. Israel, is a growing outline of citations (including hyperlinks) to news reports relating to the violence currently occurring between the state of Israel and the occupied Palestinian province of Gaza, defended by its elected Hamas government.

The outline's purpose is to provide a history of sorts drawing from my selection of materials relating to the Israeli government-provoked --- and U.S. government-backed --- regional war in the Mideast and Northern Africa. This outline covers the period to date beginning with the 7 October 2023 brilliant military raid on Israel.

The outline is organized for the most part by particular player governments and organizations. Selected laws are also reprinted as well as a few miscellaneous topics. The outline currently has about 4,000 entries under 150 topics.

This outline will be updated every few days for the foreseeable future.

This is Players version 1.0.13, published on 1 March 2024.

Page generated using the NoteCase Pro outliner, https://notecasepro.com.

RIGHTS: This outline's author, Paul E. Merrell, hereby waives all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this document, pursuant to the Creative Commons CC0 Universal relinquishment of rights found at http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

I can be contacted via marbux@gmail.com.

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Change Log

v. 1.0.8

* add: triple level linked table of contents so more subtopics can be easily linked.

* add: quadruple level linked table of contents so more subtopics can be easily linked.

Applicable Law

Content     


    International Law
    Israeli Law

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International Law

Customary humanitarian international law, which applies to all nations, holds that “[t]he use of starvation of the civilian population as a method of warfare is prohibited.” https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/customary-ihl/v1/rule53 (.)

Siege warfare *in a war between nations* is permitted but Israel’s Manual on the Laws of War explains even were it the case (it is not) then the prohibition of starvation “clearly implies that the city’s inhabitants must be allowed to leave the city during a siege.” (Ibid., § 137. ). Of course, Egypt did not cooperate on this. But that is an obligation that is on Israel, not Egypt. So it is plain that even were one to posit that Gaza is a nation, Israel is violating its own law here. Legally, it would have to allow Gaza civilians to evacuate into Israel.

But we are not dealing here with a war between nations. Gaza is legally an Occupied Territory, as recognized by the International Court of Justice, the UN General Assembly, and the UN Security Council. Israel, as the Occupying Power, has a non-delegable duty under the Fourth Geneva Convention to protect and care for the civilians in the Occupied Territory of Gaza. For example, in the section entitled Provisions Common to the Territories of the Parties to the Conflict and to Occupied Territories, we learn for example that:

ART. 29. The Party to the conflict in whose hands protected persons may be, is responsible for the treatment accorded to them by its agents, irrespective of any individual responsibility which may be incurred.

ART. 31. No physical or moral coercion shall be exercised against protected persons, in particular to obtain information from them or from third parties.

ART. 32. — The High Contracting Parties specifically agree that each of them is prohibited from taking any measure of such a character as to cause the physical suffering or extermination of protected persons in their hands. This prohibition applies not only to murder, torture, corporal punishment, mutilation and medical or scientific experiments not necessitated by the medical treatment of a protected person, but also to any other measures of brutality whether applied by civilian or military agents.

ART. 33. — No protected person may be punished for an offence he or she has not personally committed. Collective penalties and likewise all measures of intimidation or of terrorism are prohibited. Pillage is prohibited. Reprisals against protected persons and their property are prohibited.

ART. 55. To the fullest extent of the means available to it, the Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring the food and medical supplies of the population; it should, in particular, bring in the necessary foodstuffs, medical stores and other articles if the resources of the occupied territory are inadequate.

Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (12 August 1949) ("4th Geneva Convention"), https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/atrocity-crimes/Doc.33_GC-IV-EN.pdf (Accessed 27 October 2023.)
  
Anon.,What does the law say about the responsibilities of the Occupying Power in the occupied Palestinian Territories? (3 April 2023), ReliefWeb. Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/what-does-law-say-about-responsibilities-occupying-power-occupied-palestinian-territories-enar (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Anon., (2 November 2023), Israel has no right to self-defense as an occupying state: Russia. The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/israel-has-no-right-to-self-defense-as-an-occupying-state-russia (Accessed: 4 November 2023). See also Israeli Right of Self-Defense in this document.

Jake Johnson (14 December 2023), Israeli Use of “Dumb Bombs” Further Proof of War Crimes, Experts Say, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-dumb-bombs (Accessed: December 19, 2023); see also Natasha Bertrand and Katie Bo Lillis, (14 December 2023) Exclusive: Nearly half of the Israeli munitions dropped on Gaza are imprecise ‘dumb bombs,’ US intelligence assessment finds, CNN. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/13/politics/intelligence-assessment-dumb-bombs-israel-gaza/index.html (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

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4th Geneva Convention

Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (12 August 1949) ("4th Geneva Convention"), https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/atrocity-crimes/Doc.33_GC-IV-EN.pdf (Accessed 27 October 2023.)

With Commentary, multiple pages: https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gciv-1949

ICRC Commentary, single page: https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/llmlp/GC_1949-IV/GC_1949-IV.pdf

Anon. (22 November 2023) Israel/OPT: Joint Support for Call for a Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention 1949, International Commission of Jurists. Available at: https://www.icj.org/israel-opt-joint-support-for-call-for-a-conference-of-high-contracting-parties-to-the-fourth-geneva-convention-1949/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

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Atlantic Charter

The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement issued on 14 August 1941, that, early in World War II, defined the Allied goals for the post-war world. The leaders of the United Kingdom and the United States drafted the work and all the Allies of World War II later confirmed it. The Charter stated the ideal goals of the war: no territorial aggrandizement; no territorial changes made against the wishes of the people, self-determination; restoration of self-government to those deprived of it; reduction of trade restrictions; global cooperation to secure better economic and social conditions for all; freedom from fear and want; freedom of the seas; and abandonment of the use of force, as well as disarmament of aggressor nations. In the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, the Allies pledged adherence to this charter's principles.

https://infogalactic.com/info/Atlantic_Charter

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Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (no date), OHCHR. Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-prevention-and-punishment-crime-genocide. (Accessed: December 13, 2023). With linked table of contents, https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-prevention-and-punishment-crime-genocide

Declaration by United Nations

The Declaration by the United Nations was a World War II document agreed on 1 January 1942 during the Arcadia Conference by 26 governments: the Allied "Big Four" (the US, the UK, the USSR, and China), nine other American countries in North and Central America and the Caribbean, the four British Dominions, British India, and eight Allied governments-in-exile, for a total of twenty-six nations.

The Declaration by United Nations, on 1 January 1942, was the basis of the modern UN.

The Declaration by the United Nations was a World War II document agreed on 1 January 1942 during the Arcadia Conference by 26 governments: the Allied "Big Four"[1][2] (the US, the UK, the USSR, and China), nine other American countries in North and Central America and the Caribbean, the four British Dominions, British India, and eight Allied governments-in-exile, for a total of twenty-six nations.



The parties pledged to uphold the Atlantic Charter, to employ all their resources in the war against the Axis powers, and that none of the signatory nations would seek to negotiate a separate peace with Nazi Germany or Japan in the same manner that the nations of the Triple Entente had agreed not to negotiate a separate peace with any or all of the Central Powers in World War I under the Unity Pact.

The Declaration by United Nations, on 1 January 1942, was the basis of the modern UN.

https://infogalactic.com/info/Declaration_by_United_Nations

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Forcible Transfer of Gazans Is a Crime Against Humanity

Marjorie Cohn, (13 December 2023), Forcible Transfer of Gazans Is a Crime Against Humanity, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/13/forcible-transfer-of-gazans-is-a-crime-against-humanity/. (Accessed: December 13, 2023). (Law professor Marjorie Cohn attacks "ICC Chief ‘s Blatant Israel Bias."")

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Geneva Conventions Additional Protocols I and II of 1977

https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/protocol-additional-geneva-conventions-12-august-1949-and-0
  
Article 11 - Protection of medical units and transports

1. Medical units and transports shall be respected and protected at all times and shall not be the object of attack.

2. The protection to which medical units and transports are entitled shall not cease unless they are used to commit hostile acts, outside their humanitarian function. Protection may, however, cease only after a warning has been given setting, whenever appropriate, a reasonable time-limit, and after such warning has remained unheeded.

Article 14 - Protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population

Starvation of civilians as a method of combat is prohibited. It is therefore prohibited to attack, destroy, remove or render useless, for that purpose, objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as foodstuffs, agricultural areas for the production of foodstuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installations and supplies and irrigation works.

Article 16 - Protection of cultural objects and of places of worship

Without prejudice to the provisions of The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of 14 May 1954, it is prohibited to commit any acts of hostility directed against historic monuments, works of art or places of worship which constitute the cultural or spiritual heritage of peoples, and to use them in support of the military effort.

Article 17 - Prohibition of forced movement of civilians

1. The displacement of the civilian population shall not be ordered for reasons related to the conflict unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand. Should such displacements have to be carried out, all possible measures shall be taken in order that the civilian population may be received under satisfactory conditions of shelter, hygiene, health, safety and nutrition.

2. Civilians shall not be compelled to leave their own territory for reasons connected with the conflict.

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Genocide

See also Rome Statute, Article 6 and 18 USC 1091: Genocide, https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section1091&num=0&edition=prelim

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (no date), OHCHR. Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-prevention-and-punishment-crime-genocide. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Alice Speri (19 October 2023) Going All-In for Israel May Make Biden Complicit in Genocide, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/10/19/israel-gaza-biden-genocide-war-crimes/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., (18 October 2023). Emergency Legal Briefing Paper: Israel’s Unfolding Crime of Genocide of the Palestinian People & U.S. Failure to Prevent and Complicity in Genocide, Center for Constitutional Rights. Available at: https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2023/10/Israels-Unfolding-Crime_ww.pdf (Accessed: 27 October 2023). (Also linked from above Jake Johnson (20 October 2023).

Alexander Langlois (26 October 2023) Israel’s Genocidal Attack on Gaza Must Be Stopped, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/israel-genocide-gaza (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (17 October 2023), Public Statement: Scholars Warn of Potential Genocide in Gaza TWAILR. Available at: https://twailr.com/public-statement-scholars-warn-of-potential-genocide-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., Genocide Scholars and 100 Palestinian and International Civil Society Organisations Call on Prosecutor Khan to Issue Arrest Warrants, Investigate Israeli Crimes and Intervene to Deter Incitement to Commit Genocide in Gaza. (20 October 2023). Al Haq. Available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/21946.html (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Daniel Machover and Adri Nieuwhof (22 December 2023), Time to seek provisional measures at the International Court of Justice to prevent genocide, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/time-to-seek-provisional-measures-at-the-international-court-of-justice-to-prevent-genocide/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

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Hague Convention of 1899

Convention with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague, II) (29 July 1899), https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/hague02.asp

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Hague Convention of 1907

Hague Convention (IV) Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and Its Annex: Regulations Concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land, 18 October 1907, https://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/hague04.asp (full text on single page); https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/hague-conv-iv-1907.

Regulations: Art. 27

In sieges and bombardments all necessary steps must be taken to spare, as far as possible, buildings dedicated to religion, art, science, or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals, and places where the sick and wounded are collected, provided they are not being used at the time for military purposes.

It is the duty of the besieged to indicate the presence of such buildings or places by distinctive and visible signs, which shall be notified to the enemy beforehand.

Regulations: Art. 43

The authority of the legitimate power having in fact passed into the hands of the occupant, the latter shall take all the measures in his power to restore, and ensure, as far as possible, public order and safety, while respecting, unless absolutely prevented, the laws in force in the country.

Regulations: Art. 46

Family honour and rights, the lives of persons, and private property, as well as religious convictions and practice, must be respected.

Private property cannot be confiscated.

Regulations: Art. 50

No general penalty, pecuniary or otherwise, shall be inflicted upon the population on account of the acts of individuals for which they cannot be regarded as jointly and severally responsible.

Hague Convention (IV) Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and Its Annex: Regulations Concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land (18 October 1907), https://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/hague04.asp (full text on single page); https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/hague-conv-iv-1907.

The authority of the military commander flows from the provisions of public international law regarding belligerent occupation. These rules are established principally in the Regulations Concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land, The Hague, 18 October 1907 [hereinafter - the Hague Regulations]. These regulations reflect customary international law.

Beit Sourik Village Council v. The Government of Israel and Commander of the IDF Forces in the West Bank, Israeli Supreme Court, HCJ 2056/04, (30 June 2004), Available at: https://www.imra.org.il/story.php?id=21369 (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

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Illegality of Israeli State

Paul Merrell (7 December 2023), Palestine: The Two-State Solution Is Illegal, The Relatively Free Press, Blogspot.com. Available at: https://relativelyfreepress.blogspot.com/2023/12/palestine-two-state-solution-is-illegal.html. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

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Israeli Non-Existent Right of Self-Defense

Marjorie Cohn (14 May 2021) Under International Law, Israel Isn’t Entitled to ‘Self-Defense’ Against People Living Under Its Occupation, Truthout. Available at: https://truthout.org/articles/as-an-occupier-israel-isnt-entitled-to-self-defense-under-international-law/ (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Noura Erakat (11 July 2014), No, Israel Does Not Have the Right to Self-Defense In International Law Against Occupied Palestinian Territory, Jadaliyya. Available at: https://www.jadaliyya.com/Details/27551/No,-Israel-Does-Not-Have-the-Right-to-Self-Defense-In-International-Law-Against-Occupied-Palestinian-Territory (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

138. The Court has thus concluded that the construction of the wall constitutes action not in conformity with various international legal obligations incumbent upon Israel. However, Annex I to the report of the Secretary-General states that, according to Israel: the construction of the Barrier is consistent with Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, its inherent right to self-defence and Security Council resolutions 1368 (2001) and 1373 (2001). More specifically, Israel's Permanent Representative to the United Nations asserted in the General Assembly on 20 October 2003 that the fence is a measure wholly consistent with the right of States to self-defence enshrined in Article 51 of the Charter; the Security Council resolutions referred to, he continued, have clearly recognized the right of States to use force in self-defence against terrorist attacks, and therefore surely recognize the right to use non-forcible measures to that end (A/ES-10/PV.21, p. 6).

139. Under the terms of Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations:

Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security.

Article 51 of the Charter thus recognizes the existence of an inherent right of self-defence in the case of armed attack by one State against another State. However, Israel does not claim that the attacks against it are imputable to a foreign State.

The Court also notes that Israel exercises control in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and that, as Israel itself states, the threat which it regards as justifying the construction of the wall originates within, and not outside, that territory. The situation is thus different from that contemplated by Security Council resolutions 1368 (2001) and 1373 (2001), and therefore Israel could not in any event invoke those resolutions in support of its claim to be exercising a right of self-defence.

Consequently, the Court concludes that Article 51 of the Charter has no relevance in this case.

Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion (International Court of Justice, July 9, 2004), http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/131/1671.pdf; reprinted at 43 IL M 1009 (2004)) and at http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/B59ECB7F4C73BDBC85256EEB004F6D20. Cf., Mara'abe v. Prime Minister of Israel, H.C.J. 7957/04 Supreme Court of Israel (15 September 2009), http://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl-nat.nsf/0/FF996DAFB177F6ECC12575BC004899A5 (disagreeing with International Court of Justice on legality of the Separation Wall).

Craig Murray (11 November 2023) Craig Murray: The Right of Self-Defense, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/11/craig-murray-the-right-of-self-defense/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

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Human Shields

Beth Van Schaack (7 December 2016), Human Shields in International Humanitarian Law: A Guide to the Legal Framework, Just Security. Available at: https://www.justsecurity.org/35263/human-shields-ihl-legal-framework/ (Accessed: February 1, 2024).

Neve Ordon and Nicola Perigini (18 November 2021), Proximate ‘human shields’ and the challenge for humanitarian organizationsHumanitarian Law & Policy Blog. Available at: https://blogs.icrc.org/law-and-policy/2021/11/18/proximate-human-shields/ (Accessed: February 1, 2024).

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Is Gaza Still Occupied and Why Does It Matter?

Lisa Hajjar (14 July 2017) Is Gaza Still Occupied and Why Does It Matter?, Jadaliyya. Available at: https://www.jadaliyya.com/Details/27557/Is-Gaza-Still-Occupied-and-Why-Does-It-Matter (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

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International Humanitarian Law

Cordula Droege and Elisabeth Rushing (19 December 2023), Israel and the Occupied Territories - how international humanitarian law appliesHumanitarian Law & Policy Blog. Available at: https://blogs.icrc.org/law-and-policy/2023/12/19/israel-and-the-occupied-territories-how-international-humanitarian-law-applies/ (Accessed: February 1, 2024).
  
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Miscellaneous Crimes

Anon., Abusive Israeli Policies Constitute Crimes of Apartheid, Persecution (27 April 2021), Human Rights Watch. Available at: https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/04/27/abusive-israeli-policies-constitute-crimes-apartheid-persecution. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

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Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts

Article 16 Aid or Assistance in the commission of an internationally wrongful act:

A state which aids or assists another State in the commission of an internationally wrongful act by the latter is internationally responsible for doing so if:

(a) that State does so with knowledge of the circumstances of the internationally wrongful act; and

(b) the act would be internationally wrongful if committed by that State.


Anon., Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (2001), International Law Commission, Legal.un.org. Available at: https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft_articles/9_6_2001.pdf (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

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Perfidy

Jon Schwarz (31 January 2024), Here Are the Laws Plausibly Broken by Israel in Its Raid on a West Bank HospitalThe Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2024/01/31/israel-west-bank-hospital-raid/ (Accessed: February 5, 2024).

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Right of Armed Struggle

The General Assembly,

1. Calls upon all States to implement fully and faithfully the resolutions of the United Nations regarding the exercise of the right to self-determination and independence by peoples under colonial and foreign domination;

2. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples for independence, territorial integrity, national unity and liberation from colonial and foreign domination and foreign occupation by all available means, including armed struggle;

3. Reaffirms the inalienable right of the Namibian people, the Palestinian people and all peoples under foreign and colonial domination to self-determination, national independence, territorial integrity, national unity and sovereignty without outside interference[.]

UNGA Res. 37/43 (3 December 1982). Importance of the universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples for the effective guarantee and observance of human rights. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/40572. (Accessed: 27 October 2023). (Italics added.)

Peoples and the national liberation movements representing them may engage in militarily organized armed resistance as a last resort, including a full-fledged war of national liberation, if their right to self-determination is forcibly denied due to colonial domination, unlawful alien occupation, or a racist regime.

Jan Hessbruegge (10 April 2017) Human Rights and Personal Self-Defense in International Law, pg. 316, SSRN. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2947008. (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

The Charter (23 February 2024), China at ICJ:"Palestinian people have the RIGHT to armed struggle," Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSIBOiJ6K20 (Accessed: February 26, 2024). (Arguing that Hamas are not terrorists.); see also Anon. (26 February 2024), Israel slams Beijing for saying Palestinians have a right to attack civilians, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/israel-slams-beijing-for-saying-palestinians-have-a-right-to-attack-civilians/ (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

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Rome Statute

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Available at: https://asp.icc-cpi.int/sites/asp/files/asp_docs/Publications/Compendium/RomeStatute-ENG.pdf (Accessed: 27 October 2023).


In this outline section, the portions of the statute are excerpted identifying crimes within the jurisdiction of the court and identifying individual responsibilities therefore.


Contents     

Crimes
  ART. 5 Jurisdiction
  ART. 6 Genocide
  ART. 7 Crimes Against Humanity
  ART. 8 War Crimes

Individual Responsibility

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Crimes, Rome Statute
Contents     

  ART. 5 Jurisdiction
  ART. 6 Genocide
  ART. 7 Crimes Against Humanity
  ART. 8 War Crimes

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ART. 5 Jurisdiction
Article 5 Crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court

1. The jurisdiction of the Court shall be limited to the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole. The Court has jurisdiction in accordance with this Statute with respect to the following crimes:

(a) The crime of genocide;

(b) Crimes against humanity;

(c) War crimes;

(d) The crime of aggression.

2. The Court shall exercise jurisdiction over the crime of aggression once a provision is adopted in accordance with articles 121 and 123 defining the crime and setting out the conditions under which the Court shall exercise jurisdiction with respect to this crime. Such a provision shall be consistent with the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations.

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ART. 6 Genocide
See also Elements of Crimes.

Article 6 Genocide

For the purpose of this Statute, "genocide" means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group;

(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;

(c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

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ART. 7 Crimes Against Humanity
See also Elements of Crimes.

Article 7 Crimes against humanity

1. For the purpose of this Statute, "crime against humanity" means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack:

(a) Murder;

(b) Extermination;

(c) Enslavement;

(d) Deportation or forcible transfer of population;

(e) Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law;

(f) Torture;

(g) Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence of comparable gravity;

(h) Persecution against any identifiable group or collectivity on political, racial, national, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender as defined in paragraph 3, or other grounds that are universally recognized as impermissible under international law, in connection with any act referred to in this paragraph or any crime within the jurisdiction of the Court;

(i) Enforced disappearance of persons;

(j) The crime of apartheid;

(k) Other inhumane acts of a similar character intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health.

2. For the purpose of paragraph 1:

(a) "Attack directed against any civilian population" means a course of conduct involving the multiple commission of acts referred to in paragraph 1 against any civilian population, pursuant to or in furtherance of a State or organizational policy to commit such attack;

(b) "Extermination" includes the intentional infliction of conditions of life, inter alia the deprivation of access to food and medicine, calculated to bring about the destruction of part of a population;

(c) "Enslavement" means the exercise of any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership over a person and includes the exercise of such power in the course of trafficking in persons, in particular women and children;

(d) "Deportation or forcible transfer of population" means forced displacement of the persons concerned by expulsion or other coercive acts from the area in which they are lawfully present, without grounds permitted under international law;

(e) "Torture" means the intentional infliction of severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, upon a person in the custody or under the control of the accused; except that torture shall not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful sanctions;

(f) "Forced pregnancy" means the unlawful confinement of a woman forcibly made pregnant, with the intent of affecting the ethnic composition of any population or carrying out other grave violations of international law. This definition shall not in any way be interpreted as affecting national laws relating to pregnancy;

(g) "Persecution" means the intentional and severe deprivation of fundamental rights contrary to international law by reason of the identity of the group or collectivity;

(h) "The crime of apartheid" means inhumane acts of a character similar to those referred to in paragraph 1, committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime;

(i) "Enforced disappearance of persons" means the arrest, detention or abduction of persons by, or with the authorization, support or acquiescence of, a State or a political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge that deprivation of freedom or to give information on the fate or whereabouts of those persons, with the intention of removing them from the protection of the law for a prolonged period of time.

3. For the purpose of this Statute, it is understood that the term "gender" refers to the two sexes, male and female, within the context of society. The term "gender" does not indicate any meaning different from the above.

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ART. 8 War Crimes
See also Elements of Crimes.

Article 8 War crimes

1. The Court shall have jurisdiction in respect of war crimes in particular when committed as part of a plan or policy or as part of a large-scale commission of such crimes.

2. For the purpose of this Statute, "war crimes" means:

(a) Grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, namely, any of the following acts against persons or property protected under the provisions of the relevant Geneva Convention:

(i) Wilful killing;

(ii) Torture or inhuman treatment, including biological experiments;

(iii) Wilfully causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or health;

(iv) Extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly;

(v) Compelling a prisoner of war or other protected person to serve in the forces of a hostile Power;

(vi) Wilfully depriving a prisoner of war or other protected person of the rights of fair and regular trial;

(vii) Unlawful deportation or transfer or unlawful confinement;

(viii) Taking of hostages.

(b) Other serious violations of the laws and customs applicable in international armed conflict, within the established framework of international law, namely, any of the following acts:

(i) Intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population as such or against individual civilians not taking direct part in hostilities;

(ii) Intentionally directing attacks against civilian objects, that is, objects which are not military objectives;

(iii) Intentionally directing attacks against personnel, installations, material, units or vehicles involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, as long as they are entitled to the protection given to civilians or civilian objects under the international law of armed conflict;

(iv) Intentionally launching an attack in the knowledge that such attack will cause incidental loss of life or injury to civilians or damage to civilian objects or widespread, long-term and severe damage to the natural environment which would be clearly excessive in relation to the concrete and direct overall military advantage anticipated;

(v) Attacking or bombarding, by whatever means, towns, villages, dwellings or buildings which are undefended and which are not military objectives;

(vi) Killing or wounding a combatant who, having laid down his arms or having no longer means of defence, has surrendered at discretion;

(vii) Making improper use of a flag of truce, of the flag or of the military insignia and uniform of the enemy or of the United Nations, as well as of the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions, resulting in death or serious personal injury;

(viii) The transfer, directly or indirectly, by the Occupying Power of parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies, or the deportation or transfer of all or parts of the population of the occupied territory within or outside this territory;

(ix) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected, provided they are not military objectives;

(x) Subjecting persons who are in the power of an adverse party to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of any kind which are neither justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the person concerned nor carried out in his or her interest, and which cause death to or seriously endanger the health of such person or persons;

(xi) Killing or wounding treacherously individuals belonging to the hostile nation or army;

(xii) Declaring that no quarter will be given;

(xiii) Destroying or seizing the enemy's property unless such destruction or seizure be imperatively demanded by the necessities of war;

(xiv) Declaring abolished, suspended or inadmissible in a court of law the rights and actions of the nationals of the hostile party;

(xv) Compelling the nationals of the hostile party to take part in the operations of war directed against their own country, even if they were in the belligerent's service before the commencement of the war;

(xvi) Pillaging a town or place, even when taken by assault;

(xvii) Employing poison or poisoned weapons;

(xviii) Employing asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and all analogous liquids, materials or devices;

(xix) Employing bullets which expand or flatten easily in the human body, such as bullets with a hard envelope which does not entirely cover the core or is pierced with incisions;

(xx) Employing weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare which are of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering or which are inherently indiscriminate in violation of the international law of armed conflict, provided that such weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare are the subject of a comprehensive prohibition and are included in an annex to this Statute, by an amendment in accordance with the relevant provisions set forth in articles 121 and 123;

(xxi) Committing outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;

(xxii) Committing rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, as defined in article 7, paragraph 2 (f), enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence also constituting a grave breach of the Geneva Conventions;

(xxiii) Utilizing the presence of a civilian or other protected person to render certain points, areas or military forces immune from military operations;

(xxiv) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings, material, medical units and transport, and personnel using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions in conformity with international law;

(xxv) Intentionally using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare by depriving them of objects indispensable to their survival, including wilfully impeding relief supplies as provided for under the Geneva Conventions;

(xxvi) Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into the national armed forces or using them to participate actively in hostilities.

(c) In the case of an armed conflict not of an international character, serious violations of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, namely, any of the following acts committed against persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention or any other cause:

(i) Violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture;

(ii) Committing outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;

(iii) Taking of hostages;

(iv) The passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgement pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all judicial guarantees which are generally recognized as indispensable.

(d) Paragraph 2 (c) applies to armed conflicts not of an international character and thus does not apply to situations of internal disturbances and tensions, such as riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence or other acts of a similar nature.

(e) Other serious violations of the laws and customs applicable in armed conflicts not of an international character, within the established framework of international law, namely, any of the following acts:

(i) Intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population as such or against individual civilians not taking direct part in hostilities;

(ii) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings, material, medical units and transport, and personnel using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions in conformity with international law;

(iii) Intentionally directing attacks against personnel, installations, material, units or vehicles involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, as long as they are entitled to the protection given to civilians or civilian objects under the international law of armed conflict;

(iv) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected, provided they are not military objectives;

(v) Pillaging a town or place, even when taken by assault;

(vi) Committing rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, as defined in article 7, paragraph 2 (f), enforced sterilization, and any other form of sexual violence also constituting a serious violation of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions;

(vii) Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into armed forces or groups or using them to participate actively in hostilities;

(viii) Ordering the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand;

(x) Subjecting persons who are in the power of an adverse party to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of any kind which are neither justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the person concerned nor carried out in his or her interest, and which cause death to or seriously endanger the health of such person or persons;

(xi) Killing or wounding treacherously individuals belonging to the hostile nation or army;

(xii) Declaring that no quarter will be given;

(xiii) Destroying or seizing the enemy's property unless such destruction or seizure be imperatively demanded by the necessities of war;

(xiv) Declaring abolished, suspended or inadmissible in a court of law the rights and actions of the nationals of the hostile party;

(xv) Compelling the nationals of the hostile party to take part in the operations of war directed against their own country, even if they were in the belligerent's service before the commencement of the war;

(xvi) Pillaging a town or place, even when taken by assault;

(xvii) Employing poison or poisoned weapons;

(xviii) Employing asphyxiating, poisonous or other gases, and all analogous liquids, materials or devices;

(xix) Employing bullets which expand or flatten easily in the human body, such as bullets with a hard envelope which does not entirely cover the core or is pierced with incisions;

(xx) Employing weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare which are of a nature to cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering or which are inherently indiscriminate in violation of the international law of armed conflict, provided that such weapons, projectiles and material and methods of warfare are the subject of a comprehensive prohibition and are included in an annex to this Statute, by an amendment in accordance with the relevant provisions set forth in articles 121 and 123;

(xxi) Committing outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;

(xxii) Committing rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, as defined in article 7, paragraph 2 (f), enforced sterilization, or any other form of sexual violence also constituting a grave breach of the Geneva Conventions;

(xxiii) Utilizing the presence of a civilian or other protected person to render certain points, areas or military forces immune from military operations;

(xxiv) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings, material, medical units and transport, and personnel using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions in conformity with international law;

(xxv) Intentionally using starvation of civilians as a method of warfare by depriving them of objects indispensable to their survival, including wilfully impeding relief supplies as provided for under the Geneva Conventions;

(xxvi) Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into the national armed forces or using them to participate actively in hostilities.

(c) In the case of an armed conflict not of an international character, serious violations of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, namely, any of the following acts committed against persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention or any other cause:

(i) Violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture;

(ii) Committing outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment;

(iii) Taking of hostages;

(iv) The passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgement pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all judicial guarantees which are generally recognized as indispensable.

(d) Paragraph 2 (c) applies to armed conflicts not of an international character and thus does not apply to situations of internal disturbances and tensions, such as riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence or other acts of a similar nature.

(e) Other serious violations of the laws and customs applicable in armed conflicts not of an international character, within the established framework of international law, namely, any of the following acts:

(i) Intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population as such or against individual civilians not taking direct part in hostilities;

(ii) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings, material, medical units and transport, and personnel using the distinctive emblems of the Geneva Conventions in conformity with international law;

(iii) Intentionally directing attacks against personnel, installations, material, units or vehicles involved in a humanitarian assistance or peacekeeping mission in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, as long as they are entitled to the protection given to civilians or civilian objects under the international law of armed conflict;

(iv) Intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, education, art, science or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals and places where the sick and wounded are collected, provided they are not military objectives;

(v) Pillaging a town or place, even when taken by assault;

(vi) Committing rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, as defined in article 7, paragraph 2 (f), enforced sterilization, and any other form of sexual violence also constituting a serious violation of article 3 common to the four Geneva Conventions;

(vii) Conscripting or enlisting children under the age of fifteen years into armed forces or groups or using them to participate actively in hostilities;

(viii) Ordering the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand;

(ix) Killing or wounding treacherously a combatant adversary;

(x) Declaring that no quarter will be given;

(xi) Subjecting persons who are in the power of another party to the conflict to physical mutilation or to medical or scientific experiments of any kind which are neither justified by the medical, dental or hospital treatment of the person concerned nor carried out in his or her interest, and which cause death to or seriously endanger the health of such person or persons;

(xii) Destroying or seizing the property of an adversary unless such destruction or seizure be imperatively demanded by the necessities of the conflict;

(f) Paragraph 2 (e) applies to armed conflicts not of an international character and thus does not apply to situations of internal disturbances and tensions, such as riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence or other acts of a similar nature. It applies to armed conflicts that take place in the territory of a State when there is protracted armed conflict between governmental authorities and organized armed groups or between such groups.

3. Nothing in paragraph 2 (c) and (e) shall affect the responsibility of a Government to maintain or re-establish law and order in the State or to defend the unity and territorial integrity of the State, by all legitimate means.

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Elements of Crimes
Article 9 of the Rome Statute

Article 9. Elements of Crimes

1. Elements of Crimes shall assist the Court in the interpretation and application of articles 6, 7, 8 and 8 bis. They shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Assembly of States Parties.

2. Amendments to the Elements of Crimes may be proposed by: (a) Any State Party; (b) The judges acting by an absolute majority; (c) The Prosecutor. Such amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the members of the Assembly of States Parties.

3. The Elements of Crimes and amendments thereto shall be consistent with this Statute.

Following is excerpted from the Elements of Crimes document:

1. Pursuant to article 9, the following Elements of Crimes shall assist the Court in the interpretation and application of articles 6, 7 and 8, consistent with the Statute. The provisions of the Statute, including article 21 and the general principles set out in Part 3, are applicable to the Elements of Crimes.

2. As stated in article 30, unless otherwise provided, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court only if the material elements are committed with intent and knowledge. Where no reference is made in the Elements of Crimes to a mental element for any particular conduct, consequence or circumstance listed, it is understood that the relevant mental element, i.e., intent, knowledge or both, set out in article 30 applies. Exceptions to the article 30 standard, based on the Statute, including applicable law under its relevant provisions, are indicated below.

3. Existence of intent and knowledge can be inferred from relevant facts and circumstances.

4. With respect to mental elements associated with elements involving value judgement, such as those using the terms “inhumane” or “severe”, it is not necessary that the perpetrator personally completed a particular value judgement, unless otherwise indicated.

5. Grounds for excluding criminal responsibility or the absence thereof are generally not specified in the elements of crimes listed under each crime.1

6. The requirement of “unlawfulness” found in the Statute or in other parts of international law, in particular international humanitarian law, is generally not specified in the elements of crimes.

7. The elements of crimes are generally structured in accordance with the following principles: (a) As the elements of crimes focus on the conduct, consequences and circumstances associated with each crime, they are generally listed in that order; (b) When required, a particular mental element is listed after the affected conduct, consequence or circumstance; (c) Contextual circumstances are listed last.

8. As used in the Elements of Crimes, the term “perpetrator” is neutral as to guilt or innocence. The elements, including the appropriate mental elements, apply, mutatis mutandis, to all those whose criminal responsibility may fall under articles 25 and 28 of the Statute.

9. A particular conduct may constitute one or more crimes.

10. The use of short titles for the crimes has no legal effect

https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/NR/rdonlyres/336923D8-A6AD-40EC-AD7B-45BF9DE73D56/0/ElementsOfCrimesEng.pdf

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Individual Responsibility
Article 25. Individual criminal responsibility

1. The Court shall have jurisdiction over natural persons pursuant to this Statute.

2. A person who commits a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court shall be individually responsible and liable for punishment in accordance with this Statute.

3. In accordance with this Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person:

(a) Commits such a crime, whether as an individual, jointly with another or through another person, regardless of whether that other person is criminally responsible;

(b) Orders, solicits or induces the commission of such a crime which in fact occurs or is attempted;

(c) For the purpose of facilitating the commission of such a crime, aids, abets or otherwise assists in its commission or its attempted commission, including providing the means for its commission;

(d) In any other way contributes to the commission or attempted commission of such a crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose. Such contribution shall be intentional and shall either:

(i) Be made with the aim of furthering the criminal activity or criminal purpose of the group, where such activity or purpose involves the commission of a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court; or

(ii) Be made in the knowledge of the intention of the group to commit the crime;

(e) In respect of the crime of genocide, directly and publicly incites others to commit genocide;

(f) Attempts to commit such a crime by taking action that commences its execution by means of a substantial step, but the crime does not occur because of circumstances independent of the person's intentions. However, a person who abandons the effort to commit the crime or otherwise prevents the completion of the crime shall not be liable for punishment under this Statute for the attempt to commit that crime if that person completely and voluntarily gave up the criminal purpose.

4. No provision in this Statute relating to individual criminal responsibility shall affect the responsibility of States under international law.

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Israeli Law

Mara'abe v. Prime Minister of Israel, H.C.J. 7957/04 Supreme Court of Israel (15 September 2009), http://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl-nat.nsf/0/FF996DAFB177F6ECC12575BC004899A5 (disagreeing with International Court of Justice on legality of the Separation Wall; see Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion (International Court of Justice, July 9, 2004), http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/131/1671.pdf; reprinted at 43 IL M 1009 (2004)) and at http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/B59ECB7F4C73BDBC85256EEB004F6D20.

The authority of the military commander flows from the provisions of public international law regarding belligerent occupation. These rules are established principally in the Regulations Concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land, The Hague, 18 October 1907 (hereinafter - the Hague Regulations). These regulations reflect customary international law.

Beit Sourik Village Council v. The Government of Israel and Commander of the IDF Forces in the West Bank, Israeli Supreme Court, HCJ 2056/04, (30 June 2004), Available at: https://www.imra.org.il/story.php?id=21369 (Accessed: 28 October 2023). See also Hague Convention of 1907.

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Battle News

Anon., This is What Happened in the First Three Hours of “Al-Aqsa Flood”: Saleh al-Arouri Reveals. (12 October 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/this-is-what-happened-in-the-first-three-hours-of-al-aqsa-flood-saleh-al-arouri-reveals/. (Accessed: 19 November 2023).

He spent a total of 20 years in Israeli prisons and was released in 2010 under the condition of deportation. He currently resides in Lebanon.

Anon., (21 October 2023), The Israeli army raids the village of Hamas leader Saleh al-Arouri in the West Bank, LBCI Lebanon. Available at: https://www.lbcgroup.tv/news/middleeastnews/729760/lbci-lebanon-articles/en. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).., Not Hamas, but Israeli Military Killed Civilians at Nova Music Festival - Media Reports (18 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/not-hamas-but-israeli-military-killed-civilians-at-nova-music-festival-media-reports/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Tyler Durden (7 November 2023), Israeli Troops Fighting ‘In The Heart’ Of Gaza City, Hamas Leader Surrounded In A Bunker, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-control-gaza-indefinitely-after-war-netanyahu-contradicts-blinken. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).
 Holder, et al (31 October 2023) “A Detailed Satellite View of Israel’s Invasion,” The New York Times, 30 October. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/30/world/middleeast/israel-invasion-gaza-satellite-image-map.html. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Carrie Keller-Lynn, IDF shows foreign press Hamas bodycam videos, photos of murder, torture, decapitation (23 October 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-shows-foreign-press-raw-hamas-bodycam-videos-of-murder-torture-decapitation/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Mersiha Gadzo (13 November 2023), Israel-Hamas war updates: Snipers targeting those sheltering in al-Shifa, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/11/12/israel-gaza-war-live-israeli-army-surrounding-al-quds-hospital. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Alex Lantier, At least 80 dead as Israel bombs UN schools in Gaza (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/rqtm-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

World Health Organization (17 October 2023), “WHO statement on attack on Al Ahli Arab Hospital and reported large-scale casualties, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1714358283354460396. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Thomas Scripps, Israel escalates fighting with Lebanon, as ethnic cleansing of Palestinians continues (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/21/tglq-n21.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Israel intensifies bombardment of Gaza ahead of 4-day “pause” (no date) World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/24/bujh-n24.html (Accessed: November 24, 2023).

Jordan Shilton, Israel intensifies bombardment of Gaza ahead of 4-day “pause” (23 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/24/bujh-n24.html. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Mustafa Sneineh (26 November 2023) ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 51: Israel fires at Palestinians attempting to return to northern Gaza amid, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-51-israel-fires-at-palestinians-attempting-to-return-to-northern-gaza-amid-shaky-truce/. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Dave DeCamp, Israel Killing Gaza Civilians At Historic Pace, While Using US-Provided Bombs: NYT (27 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-killing-gaza-civilians-historic-pace-while-using-us-provided-bombs-nyt. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Hamas Massacre - October 2023 (no date), Hamas Massacre. Available at: https://www.hamas-massacre.net (Accessed: December 1, 2023). (Zionist view of war on Gaza.)

Anon. (3 December 2023), Israel-Hamas war: List of key events, day 58, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/3/israel-hamas-war-list-of-key-events-day-58. (Accessed: December 3, 2023). ("A Hamas official told Al Jazeera negotiations on prisoner exchanges were over and would not resume until Israel halted its attacks and handed over all Palestinian prisoners.")

Anon., Israel is Retreating in Northern Gaza, Trying to Advance in South - Qassam (3 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-is-retreating-in-northern-gaza-trying-to-advance-in-south-qassam/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Anon., Despite U.S. calls for restraint, Israeli army strikes Gaza with vengeance (3 December 2023), Big News Network.com. Available at: https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/274052739/despite-us-calls-for-restraint-israeli-army-strikes-gaza-with-vengeance. (Accessed: December 3, 2023). (Article originated at France24; surveys purported U.S. efforts to temper Irael's military strategy.)

Israeli military killed 700+ Palestinians in 24 hours – Day 58 (2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/israeli-military-killed-700-palestinians-in-24-hours-day-58/ (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Lauren Leatherby, Gaza Civilians, Under Israeli Barrage, Killed at Historic Pace (25 November 2023), New York Times. Available at: https://archive.is/v02i6. (Accessed: December 4, 2023). ("In less than two months, more than twice as many women and children have been reported killed in Gaza than in Ukraine after two years of war.")

Claire Parker and Lorenzo Tugnoli (5 December 2023), “Inside ‘little Gaza’: The civilians trapped in a West Bank war zone.” Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/05/jenin-refugee-camp-israel-raids/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Loveday Morris, (5 December 2023). “Israel has vowed to destroy Hamas. Yet the group remains largely intact.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/05/israel-military-offensive-hamas-destruction-gaza/ (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Chris Hedges (1 December 2023), Israel Reopens the Gaza Slaughterhouse, The Chris Hedges Report. Available at: https://chrishedges.substack.com/p/israel-reopens-the-gaza-slaughterhouse. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon., Israel-Gaza latest: Hamas leader’s house “encircled by Israeli troops” - as “apocalyptic” situation unfolds in Gaza (6 December 2023), Sky News. Available at: https://news.sky.com/story/israel-gaza-latest-us-steps-up-pressure-on-israel-with-visa-ban-as-un-tells-netanyahu-military-operation-has-to-stop-12978800. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon., Netanyahu claims half of Hamas’s battalion commanders killed (5 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/netanyahu-claims-half-of-hamass-battalion-commanders-killed/. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon. (2023) Scott Ritter: Ceasefire To Crossroads- Decoding ISRAEL’S strategic choices. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4P6zEy8WULE (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Mallinder, L. (2023) Under Israeli attack: Who are the Christians of Gaza?, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/1/under-israeli-attack-who-are-the-christians-of-gaza (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Lorraine Mallinder (1 November 2023), Israeli attack: Who are the Christians of Gaza?, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/1/under-israeli-attack-who-are-the-christians-of-gaza. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Al Arabiya English (8 December 2023), Israel presses on with offensive on Hamas in and around Gaza’s biggest cities, Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/12/08/Explosions-flares-seen-on-Gaza-skyline-as-fighting-continues. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Al Arabiya English (7 December 2023), US resumes drone flights over Gaza to aid hostage rescue: Pentagon, Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/12/07/US-resumes-drone-flights-over-Gaza-to-aid-hostage-rescue-Pentagon. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Najib Jobain, et al, Palestinians Crowd into Ever-Shrinking Areas in Gaza as Israel’s War Against Hamas Enters 3rd Month (2023) Military.com. Available at: https://www.military.com/daily-news/2023/12/08/palestinians-crowd-ever-shrinking-areas-gaza-israels-war-against-hamas-enters-3rd-month.html. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Anon. (5 December 2023), Israel Bogged Down In Gaza War: Number Of Casualties Grows, South Front. Available at: https://southfront.press/israel-bogged-down-in-gaza-war-number-of-casualties-grows/. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Anon., Gaza pumping stations stop, sewage is “flowing in the streets” – Day 63 (9 December 2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/gaza-pumping-stations-stop-sewage-is-flowing-in-the-streets-day-63/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., We Can’t Defeat Hamas’ - Israel’s Former Army Chief on the Gaza War (9 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/we-cant-defeat-hamas-israels-former-army-chief-on-the-gaza-war/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., Unprecedented Losses among Israeli Soldiers Exposed, Yedioth Ahronoth (9 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/over-5000-israeli-soldiers-wounded-in-gaza-with-58-seriously-israeli-media/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., Killing the Captives - What Happened in Israel’s Failed Rescue Attempt in Gaza ( 10 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/killing-the-captives-what-happened-in-israels-failed-rescue-attempt-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Hiba Yazbek, et al (11 December 2023), “‘We Are All Sick’: Infectious Diseases Spread Across Gaza.” Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231212000928/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/11/world/middleeast/gaza-health-infectious-disease.html. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon. (11 December 2023), Israel-Hamas war: Israeli forces push deeper into southern Gaza. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmu_EPwUrF8. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Talks about New Ceasefire (12 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-talks-about-new-ceasefire-ansarallah-strikes-ship-massacres-in-rafah-fierce-fighting-in-gaza-day-67/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

The Rational National (13 November 2023), Israel Spokesman Stuns CNN’s Wolf Blitzer With Brutal Admission. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RihPfMEBluI. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Loveday Morris (5 December 2023), Israel has vowed to destroy Hamas. Yet the group remains largely intact, The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/israel-has-vowed-to-destroy-hamas-yet-the-group-remains-largely-intact/ar-AA1l2xQX. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Gaza Live Blog: Israel Losing in Northern Gaza | Hamas Popularity Triples | US-Israel Rifts Widens | India Votes for Ceasefire | DAY 68 (13 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-new-massacres-of-gaza-civilians-golani-commander-seven-others-killed-by-resistance-heavy-rain-worsens-condition-for-refugees-day-68/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Anon., ‘Graveyard for Invaders’: Israel Admits to the Killing of Ten Israeli Soldiers in Gaza (13 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/graveyard-for-invaders-israel-admits-to-the-killing-of-ten-israeli-soldiers-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Anon., Unprecedented Losses among Israeli Soldiers Exposed - Yedioth Ahronoth (9 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/over-5000-israeli-soldiers-wounded-in-gaza-with-58-seriously-israeli-media/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023) ("Over 5,000 Israeli soldiers have been wounded in Gaza since the beginning of the war on October 7, with more than 2,000 officially recognized by the Israeli Ministry of Defense as disabled, an Israeli newspaper revealed on Saturday.")

Anon., ‘We Can’t Defeat Hamas’ - Israel’s Former Army Chief on the Gaza War (9 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/we-cant-defeat-hamas-israels-former-army-chief-on-the-gaza-war/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Bradford Betz (17 December 2023), Freed Israeli hostage warns soldiers not to go into Hamas tunnels: ‘It’s a colossal danger,’ Fox News. Available at: https://www.foxnews.com/world/freed-israeli-hostage-warns-soldiers-not-go-hamas-tunnels-colossal-danger (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

The Israeli official said the IDF’s latest assessment has not revealed a risk of an imminent epidemic in Gaza, even as the matter continues to be watched closely.

The World Health Organization chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Sunday, though, that there were “worrying signals of epidemic diseases” in Gaza amid the ongoing fighting.

Tedros told the WHO executive board that “ideal conditions” were being created for disease to spread in the enclave. “On average, there is one shower unit for every 700 people and one toilet for every 150 people,” he said, pointing to heightened levels of bloody diarrhea, jaundice and respiratory infections.

Jacob Magid, Israeli official denies divide with US over war, says support is “public and private”  (11 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-official-denies-divide-with-us-over-war-says-support-is-public-and-private/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Chantal Da Silva (13 December 2023), Nearly 1/5 of Israeli soldiers killed in Gaza died due to friendly fire and other accidents, IDF says, NBC News. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/nearly-15-of-israeli-soldiers-killed-in-gaza-died-due-to-friendly-fire-and-other-accidents-idf-says/ar-AA1loyJM (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (17 December 2023), Israelis call for deal after IDF mistakenly kills three hostages. WFXR News. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-0elNRKSkw (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Anon. (18 December 2023), Douglas McGregor: Israel has announced the Withdrawal of 70% forces from Gaza, began with the truce. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbWoWSRDCIk (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Anon. (18 December 2023), Scott Ritter: 2,000 IDF permanently disabled, Israel actually lost this war to Hamas. Sam Crochet Channel, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1m3abzP3XM (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Hallie Jackson and Chantal Da Silva (18 December 2023), Fears mount for Gaza’s tiny Christian community after mom and daughter shot dead, NBC News. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/fears-mount-for-gaza-s-tiny-christian-community-after-mom-and-daughter-shot-dead/ar-AA1lHdWh (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (18 December 2023), People ‘buried alive’ outside Gaza hospital during Israeli raid, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/program/newsfeed/2023/12/18/people-buried-alive-during-israeli-raid-on-gaza-hospital (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Yemen Threatens MASSIVE War As Israel Economy Craters. Breaking Points, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0aemeCbRTk (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Anon., Golani Units Pulling out from Gaza - What It Means (21 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/golani-units-pulling-out-from-gaza-what-it-means/ (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Anon., ‘Patients Will Die Slowly, Painfully’ as Gaza Hospitals Stop Functioning - WHO (21 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/who-warns-patients-will-die-slowly-painfully-as-gaza-hospitals-stop-functioning/ (Accessed: December 22, 2023).

Anon. (22 November 2023), “Israel is KILLING itself and we can’t stop them” Col. Douglas MacGregor, Redacted News. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roI-MUI4EqY (Accessed: December 22, 2023).

Jessica Corbett (20 December 2023), UN Office Details Alleged IDF “Summary Killing” of Gaza Men in Front of Families, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/idf-war-crimes (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar says fighters inflicted loss and damage to Israeli forces, targeting no less than 5,000 soldiers and attacking 750 military vehicles since October 7.



Israel’s official numbers indicate that 156 Israeli soldiers have been killed in battle as of Monday. However, these figures may be higher, as the Israel army has reportedly placed a gag order preventing Israeli media from reporting on Israeli casualties in the Gaza Strip, based on independent sources.

Mustafa Sneineh (26 December 2023), ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 81: WHO says Gaza’s health system is being ‘decimated’ by Israeli bombardment, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-81-who-says-gazas-health-system-is-being-decimated-by-israeli-bombardment/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon., Israel Assassinates Iranian Commander in Syria - Who is Gen. Mousavi (25 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-assassinates-iranian-commander-in-syria-who-is-gen-mousavi/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon., (24 December 2023), Human Rights Group Says Israeli Forces Executed Over 1,000 Palestinian Elders in 10 Weeks, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/24/human-rights-group-says-israeli-forces-executed-over-1000-palestinian-elders-in-10-weeks/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Ghada Abed (26 December 2023), Massacre in Maghazi, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/massacre-maghazi/43181 (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon. (23 December 2023) “Carpet bombing” in Jabalia: Dozens buried under debris after Israeli attacks, Al Jazeera English, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8AmhtYLkn8 (Accessed: December 27, 2023). (Video, 3:59 min.)

Anon., “Horrifying testimonies” of Israeli forces executing Gazans – Day 78 (24 December 2023), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/horrifying-testimonies-israeli-forces-executing-gazans-day-78/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Kareem Fahim, et al (26 December 2023), “The world wants a respite for Gaza. Israel vows to keep fighting,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/26/netanyahu-gaza-hamas-israel/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon. (26 December 2023), Israeli Plan to Expand Fighting in Gaza Causes AlarmVoice of America (VOA News). Available at: https://www.voanews.com/a/netanyahu-vows-no-stop-in-war-until-israel-achieves-objectives/7412947.html (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon., ‘825 Military Israeli Vehicles Destroyed’ - Resistance Roundup - DAY 83 (2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/825-military-israeli-vehicles-destroyed-resistance-roundup-day-83/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Anon., Biden admin bypasses Congress for $147.5m weapons sale to Israel – Day 83 (2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/biden-admin-bypasses-congress-147-5m-weapons-sale-israel-day-83/ (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Anon., Gaza Live Blog - Israel Pulls out Five Brigades (31 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-israel-bombs-two-mosques-in-central-gaza-massacres-in-nuseirat-maghazi-battles-continue-in-khan-younis-ansarallah-hit-more-ships-day-86/ (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Kathryn Shihadah (31 December 2023), “Children eat rotten food, adults hunt cats: famine is coming for Gaza” – Day 85, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/children-eat-rotten-food-adults-hunt-cats-famine-is-coming-for-gaza-day-85/ (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Tia Goldenberg, et al, Israel Is Pulling Thousands of Troops From Gaza as Combat Focuses on Enclave’s Main Southern City (1 January 2024), Military.com. Available at: https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/01/01/israel-pulling-thousands-of-troops-gaza-combat-focuses-enclaves-main-southern-city.html (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Aaron Boxerman, et al (1 January 2024), “Israel Says It Will Pull Several Brigades From Gaza Strip,” 1 January. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20240101212020/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/01/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-troop-withdrawal.html (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Anon. (25 December 2023), War on Gaza: Hamas leader Sinwar says its fighters are “smashing” Israeli army, will not surrender, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/gaza-war-israel-palestine-sinwar-hamas-smashing-army-submit-conditions (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon., Children in Gaza are dying ‘in every way possible’ – Day 91, (January 7, 2024). Israel Palestine News. https://israelpalestinenews.org/children-gaza-dying-every-way-possible-day-91/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Anon., ‘Harshest Day’ - Gaza Resistance Thwarted Israel’s ‘Third Phase’ of War before It Started (8 January 2024) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/harshest-day-how-palestinian-resistance-thwarted-israels-third-phase-of-war-before-it-started/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Anon., 30,000 Israeli Soldiers Could Become Disabled, Army is Hiding Data - WALLA (13 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/30000-israeli-soldiers-could-become-disabled-army-is-hiding-data-walla/ (Accessed: January 13, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Ballistic Missiles May Have Been Used In Huge Strike On US Base In Iraq (20 January 2024e), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/large-rocket-barrage-slams-us-base-iraq-injuring-americans (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Kyle Anzalone (3 February 2024). US Strikes in Iraq and Syria Kill About 40, Including Civilians. Antiwar.Com. https://news.antiwar.com/2024/02/03/us-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria-kill-about-40-including-civilians/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Leila Warah (8 February 2024), ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 125: Israel rejects ceasefire proposal, plans to expand ground invasion into Rafah, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/02/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-125-israel-rejects-ceasefire-proposal-plans-to-expand-ground-invasion-into-rafah/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Kyle Anzalone (3 February 2024), US Strikes in Iraq and Syria Kill About 40, Including Civilians, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2024/02/03/us-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria-kill-about-40-including-civilians/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Jake Johnson (9 February 2024), Israeli Plan to Evacuate Rafah by Force Sparks Warnings of “Ethnic Cleansing,” Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/netanyahu-evacuation-rafah (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Anon., Gazans in Rafah: ‘We’re waiting to be martyred’ – Day 125 (9 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/gazans-in-rafah-were-waiting-to-be-martyred-day-125/ (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Anon., US Intel determines Israel “far from defeating” Hamas (9 February 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://thecradle.co/articles/us-intel-determines-israel-far-from-defeating-hamas (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Israel Prepares For Rafah Assault That Could Lead To “Tens Of Thousands” Of Casualties As Saudis Warn Of Imminent “Humanitarian Catastrophe” (10 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-prepares-rafah-assault-could-lead-tens-thousands-casualties-saudis-warn (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Anon., All Eyes on Rafah: Israel Kills, Wound Hundreds of Palestinians in Gaza (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/all-eyes-on-rafah-israel-kills-wound-hundreds-of-palestinians-in-gaza/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Sniping Children at Nasser Hospital (2024) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-israeli-soldiers-dead-wounded-china-stop-the-war-child-dies-in-nasser-hospital-ansarallah-strikes-again-day-130/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Netanyahu assured that Israel will provide “safe passage for the civilian population” ahead of the expected assault, and rejected fears of a “catastrophe.”

Emanuel Fabian, PM says Rafah offensive key to victory as Hamas threatens to torpedo hostage talks (11 February 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/pm-says-rafah-offensive-key-to-victory-as-hamas-threatens-to-torpedo-hostage-talks/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon., No Access, No Information: Thousands of Gazans “Forcibly Disappeared” by Israeli Forces (19 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/no-access-no-information-thousands-of-gazans-forcibly-disappeared-by-israeli-forces/ (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

Anon., 13,000+ Gazans killed since US vetoed last ceasefire; another veto expected this week – Day 135 (19 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/13000-gazans-killed-since-us-vetoed-last-ceasefire-another-veto-expected-this-week-day-135/ (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

Anon., ‘Hidden Chaos in Army in Gaza’ - Israeli Major General (24 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hidden-chaos-in-army-in-gaza-israeli-major-general/ (Accessed: February 24, 2024).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Zaytoun Fights Back (25 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-zaytoun-fights-back-katz-we-will-invade-rafah-gaza-famine-intensifies-yemen-hits-us-ship-day-142/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Anon., Enough food is waiting across Gaza’s borders to feed entire population – Day 142 (26 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/enough-food-is-waiting-across-gazas-borders-to-feed-entire-population-day-142/ (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

Jon Elmer (26 February 2024), Palestinian resistance groups’ joint operations, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/jon-elmer/palestinian-resistance-groups-joint-operations (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Israeli Soldiers Killed, Wounded (28 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-two-israeli-soldiers-killed-seven-wounded-israeli-massacres-in-khan-yunis-deir-al-balah-hezbollah-missiles-target-upper-galilee-day-145/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Anon., As Biden looks the other way, Gaza death toll hits 30,000 – Day 145 (28 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/as-biden-looks-the-other-way-gaza-death-toll-hits-30000-day-145/ (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

Anon., Gaza: Worst famine fears realised as 10th child reportedly ‘starves to death’ (1 March 2024), UN News. Available at: https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/03/1147112 (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

Anon., Israeli Army in Gaza in ‘State of Shock’ - Yedioth Ahronoth (1 March 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-army-in-gaza-in-state-of-shock-yedioth-ahronoth/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Israel Bombs Khan Yunis School (1 March 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-israel-bombs-khan-yunis-school-israeli-army-in-state-of-shock-bureij-homes-shelled-resistance-continues-day-147/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

Anon., GAZA LIVE BLOG: Israeli Soldiers Killed, Wounded (28 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-two-israeli-soldiers-killed-seven-wounded-israeli-massacres-in-khan-yunis-deir-al-balah-hezbollah-missiles-target-upper-galilee-day-145/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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Rafah Battle News

Chris Stevenson (20 February 2024), Israel to begin Rafah assault unless Gaza hostages released by RamadanMsn.com. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/israel-to-begin-rafah-assault-unless-gaza-hostages-released-by-ramadan/ar-BB1ixpLb (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

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Big Picture

Stephen Walt (18 October 2023), America Is a Root Cause of Israel and Palestine’s Latest War, Foreign Policy. Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/10/18/america-root-cause-war-israel-gaza-palestine/?mc_cid=d24706cca2. (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Anon. (12 December 2023), Douglas McGregor: 2 million Turkish soldiers, Iranian navy ready to flatten Israel to protect Gaza. JVC Gaming Pro. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcfNkvskxys (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Khushboo Razdan, Global South, Sympathetic to Palestinians, Aligns with China as US Seeks Support for Israel against Hamas in Gaza (17 October 2023) Yahoo! News. Available at: https://news.yahoo.com/finance/news/global-south-sympathetic-palestinians-aligns-093000417.html (Accessed: 22 October 2023). Original paywalled at https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3238157/global-south-sympathetic-palestinians-aligns-china-us-seeks-support-israel-against-hamas.

Mike Whitney (16 December 2023), The War in Gaza: It’s Not About Hamas. It’s About Demographics, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/the-war-in-gaza-its-not-about-hamas-its-about-demographics/ (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Pepe Escobar, The Palestinian Tragedy: Cui bono? (23 October 2023). Strategic Culture Foundation. Available at: https://strategic-culture.su/news/2023/10/23/the-palestinian-tragedy-cui-bono/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Israel, as CAM has recently documented, continues to finance Hamas with the goal of perpetuating violent conflict. This instills fear in the Israeli population so they will support Israeli’s reigning oligarchy which increasingly exploits Israel’s working class.

Richard Dunn (23 October 2023), Israel Should Know: ‘What Thou Sowest, Thou Shall Also Reap,' CovertAction Magazine. Available at: https://covertactionmagazine.com/2023/10/23/israel-should-know-what-thou-sowest-thou-shall-also-reap/?mc_cid=e2dcb6a2fd. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Seymour Hersh (24 October 2023), The Mysteries of October 7. Seymour Hersh. Available at: https://seymourhersh.substack.com/p/the-mysteries-of-october-7. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Ramzy Baroud, (October 10, 2023) Netanyahu Has Already Lost the Gaza War, But Will He Concede?, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/netanyahu-has-lost-gaza-war (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Korybko, Andrew. (2023) The Top Ten Takeaways From Hamas’ Sneak Attack On Israel. Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/the-top-ten-takeaways-from-hamas (Accessed: 8 October 2023).

(BNC), P. B. N. C. (2023) Western Complicity in Apartheid Israel’s Brutal Violence Heightens Palestinian Resistance & International Solidarity, BDS Movement. Available at: https://bdsmovement.net/news/western-complicity-apartheid-israel%E2%80%99s-brutal-violence-heightens-palestinian-resistance (Accessed: 8 October 2023).

Hearst, David. (October 9, 2023), How Gaza Turned the Tables on Its Gaolers, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-palestine-war-gaza-israel-tables-turned-gaolers (Accessed: 9 October 2023).

Anon. (2023) A Day to Remember: How ‘Al-Quds Flood’ Altered the Relationship between Palestine and Israel Forever,  Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/a-day-to-remember-how-al-quds-flood-altered-the-relationship-between-palestine-and-israel-forever/. (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Pepe Escobar (3 November 2023), Iran-Russia set a western trap in Palestine, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/pescobar/iran-russia-set-a-western-trap-in-palestine/ (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Craig Murray (23 October 2023), Genocide Unfolding, Craig Murray blog. Available at: https://www.craigmurray.org.uk/archives/2023/10/genocide-unfolding/ (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Brian Finucane and Michael Wahid Hanna, Don’t Rely on U.S. Law to Prevent Escalation in the Middle East (24 October 2023), War on the Rocks. Available at: https://warontherocks.com/2023/10/dont-rely-on-u-s-law-to-prevent-escalation-in-the-middle-east/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Patrick Lawrence (31 October 2023) Patrick Lawrence: Deeper Into Depravity, scheerpost.com. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/10/31/patrick-lawrence-deeper-into-depravity/. (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Pepe Escobar (6 November 2023), Russia’s Public Pivot to PalestineThe Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/pescobar/russias-public-pivot-to-palestine/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Kevin Barrett (8 November 2023), Israel Will Lose. Here’s Why., The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/kbarrett/israel-will-lose-heres-why/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Korybko, A. (9 November 2023), Israel’s Re-Occupation Of Gaza, For However Long It May Last, Is Likely A Fait Accompli, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/israels-re-occupation-of-gaza-for. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023) “Will America pull the plug on Israel’s invasion of Gaza?,” The Economist. Available at: https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2023/11/07/will-america-pull-the-plug-on-israels-invasion-of-gaza (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Saleh Jawad (2023), The genocide in Gaza is one of the worst in modern history, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/the-genocide-in-gaza-is-one-of-the-worst-in-modern-history/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Andrew Bacevich, The Israel-Gaza War Will Fail (10 November 2023), Commonwealmagazine.org. Available at: https://www.commonwealmagazine.org/israel-gaza-airstrikes-bacevich-idf-netanyahu. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

William Hartung (10 November 2023), “Israel’s War in Gaza, Subsidized by the USA,” The Nation, 10 November. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/us-aid-israel-gaza/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Pepe Escobar, Russia’s public pivot to Palestine (7 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/russias-public-pivot-to-palestine. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Mitchell Plitnick (11 November 2023), Biden Mideast agenda comes crashing down in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/biden-mideast-agenda-comes-crashing-down-in-gaza/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Gareth Porter, The ‘Genocide Moment’ (29 October 2023), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/10/29/the-genocide-moment/. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Crooke, A. et al. (13 November 2023) The Unspoken Elephant in the Room of Netanyahu’s Intent in GazaThe Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/the-unspoken-elephant-in-the-room-of-netanyahus-intent-in-gaza/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Kevin Barrett (8 November 2023), Israel Will Lose. Here’s Why, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/kbarrett/israel-will-lose-heres-why/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Phillip Giraldi (10 November 2023), The Israel Exception to Free Speech, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/pgiraldi/the-israel-exception-to-free-speech/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Pepe Escobar, The Palestinian Tragedy: Cui bono? (23 October 2023), Strategic Culture Foundation. Available at: https://strategic-culture.su/news/2023/10/23/the-palestinian-tragedy-cui-bono/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

The smoking gun proving the malign intentions of the Biden White House can be found in the Office of Management and Budget’s budget request of October 20, 2023, to Congress for billions of dollars for military aid for Ukraine and Israel. This includes a request for funding under the heading of “Migration and Refugee Assistance” for “potential needs of Gazans fleeing to neighboring countries,” for “displacement across border[s],” and for “programming requirements outside of Gaza.”


Rashid Khalidi (18 November 2023), A paradigm shift in the hundred years’ war on Palestine?, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/a-paradigm-shift-in-the-hundred-years-war-on-palestine/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Andre Damon, Biden’s plan for “peace” through war and genocide (19 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/yklw-n20.html. (Accessed: November 20, 2023).

Sultan Barakat (23 November 2023), Are the Americans ready for another Iraq?, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/11/23/are-the-americans-ready-for-another-iraq. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Paul Adams (24 November 2023) “When this truce ends, the decisive next phase of war begins,” BBC, 25 November. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67518819. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Jordan Shilton, Israel intensifies bombardment of Gaza ahead of 4-day “pause” (23 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/24/bujh-n24.html. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Ramzy Baroud, Time for Israel to Pay: This is How to Prevent a New Nakba in Palestine (22 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/time-for-israel-to-pay-this-is-how-to-prevent-a-new-nakba-in-palestine/. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Scott Ritter (23 November 2023), Scott Ritter: Hamas Winning Battle for Gaza, Sputnik International. Available at: https://sputnikglobe.com/20231123/scott-ritter-hamas-winning-battle-for-gaza-1115160045.html. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Marwan Bishara (25 November 2023), This Israel Has No Future in the Middle East, Covert Geopolitics. Available at: https://geopolitics.co/2023/11/25/this-israel-has-no-future-in-the-middle-east/. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Pepe Escobar: The Eviction Notice Is Being Written, And Will Come In Four Languages (25 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/escobar-eviction-notice-being-written-and-will-come-four-languages. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

John Helmer, The Politics of the Slaughter of Everybody (6 November 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.net/the-politics-of-the-slaughter-of-everybody/. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Evan Jones, E. (26 October 2023) Guardian cartoonist fired over accusation of anti-Semitism, Independent Australia. Available at: https://independentaustralia.net/business/business-display/guardian-cartoonist-fired-over-accusation-of-anti-semitism,18021. (Accessed: November 27, 2023) (collection of political cartoons).

John Helmer, Jewish anti-Semitism towards Arabs Was Hamas’S Strategic Opportunity on October 7 — Still Is* (30 October 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.net/jewish-anti-semitism-towards-arabs-was-hamass-strategic-opportunity-on-october-7-still-is/ (Accessed: November 27, 2023).
 
Defense for Children International, et al — Palestine v. Biden, et al, Civil No. 3:23-cv-5829, DC Northern District California, Complaint of 13 November 2023, https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2023/11/Complaint_DCI-Pal-v-Biden_w.pdf

As’Ad Abukhalil, (27 November 2023), Hamas Before and After Oct. 7, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/27/asad-abukhalil-hamas-before-and-after-oct-7/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Ramzy Baroud (28 November 2023), How Gaza’s struggle reignited global indigenous and anti-colonial movements, People’s World. Available at: https://peoplesworld.org/article/how-gazas-struggle-reignited-global-indigenous-and-anti-colonial-movements/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Timothy Hopper (28 November 2023), China The Ultimate Winner Of US And Allies Global Warmongering – OpEd, Eurasia Review. Available at: https://www.eurasiareview.com/28112023-china-the-ultimate-winner-of-us-and-allies-global-warmongering-oped/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Nicholas Davies and Medea Benjamin (2 November 2023), US Stands Isolated in Backing Gaza Massacre, CounterPunch.org. Available at: https://www.counterpunch.org/2023/11/02/us-stands-isolated-in-backing-gaza-massacre/. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Phillip Giraldi (24 November 2023), Marching for Israel?, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/pgiraldi/marching-for-israel/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Anon., Despite U.S. calls for restraint, Israeli army strikes Gaza with vengeance (3 December 2023), Big News Network.com. Available at: https://www.bignewsnetwork.com/news/274052739/despite-us-calls-for-restraint-israeli-army-strikes-gaza-with-vengeance. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Paul Pillar (1 December 2023), Truce ends, Israel’s assault resumes on Gaza, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/israel-gaza-us-interests/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon., No-shows and walkouts as Israel-Hamas war looms over crucial climate talks (4 December 2023), OZ Arab Media. Available at: https://ozarab.media/no-shows-and-walkouts-as-israel-hamas-war-looms-over-crucial-climate-talks/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), Alastair Crooke: Will Israel Face Consequences? Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ce4tcF8c7tk (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Jordan Shilton, Israel steps up ethnic cleansing of Gaza with expansion of ground and air onslaught to the south (6 December 2023 no date) World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/06/kwjm-d06.html (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Karen Yamanaka (5 December 2023), Changing dynamics of world politics after the Hamas attack on Israel, Internationalviewpoint.org. Available at: https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article8337. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Al Jazeera (7 December 2023), Two months of Israel-Gaza war: How divided is the world?, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/two-months-of-israel-gaza-war-how-divided-is-the-world. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

John Helmer, Iran President Raisi Asks President Putin to Support Gaza Action – Putin Is Evasive for the Moment (8 December 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/iran-president-raisi-asks-president-putin-to-support-gaza-action-putin-is-evasive-for-the-moment/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Spencer Ackerman (17 November 2023), “Gaza Shows the Difference Between International Law and the ‘Rules-Based International Order,’” The Nation, 17 November. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/world/rules-based-international-order-israel-gaza/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Rafael Correa, Is This a Turning Point for Israel’s Standing in the World? (9 December 2023), Jacobin.com. Available at: https://jacobin.com/2023/12/israel-palestine-gaza-diplomacy-asia-africa-europe-middle-east. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Nadia Helmy (9 December 2023), China – Russia and Israel’s plan to fragment and divide the Gaza Strip, Modern Diplomacy. Available at: https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2023/12/09/china-russia-and-israels-plan-to-fragment-and-divide-the-gaza-strip/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Andrew Hammond (20 November 2023), The Global South is beginning to flex its political muscles … but who will lead?, Arab News PK. Available at: https://arab.news/zgzan. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

S. B. Asthana (10 December 2023), Humanitarian crisis deepens as Israel and Hamas war expands to South Gaza, The Sunday Guardian Live. Available at: https://sundayguardianlive.com/investigation/humanitarian-crisis-deepens-as-israel-and-hamas-war-expands-to-south-gaza. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon. (10 December 2023), Is global opinion shifting against Israel?, The Nation Newspaper. Available at: https://thenationonlineng.net/is-global-opinion-shifting-against-israel/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Roger Cohen (10 December 2023), “Who’s a ‘Colonizer’? How an Old Word Became a New Weapon,” The New York Times, 10 December. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/10/world/europe/colonialist-word-gaza-ukraine.html. (Accessed: December 11, 2023).

Shahd Hammouri (10 December 2023), How international law is used to cover up Israeli settler-colonialism, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/12/10/how-international-law-is-used-to-cover-up-israeli-settler-colonialism. (Accessed: December 11, 2023).

Ted Snider (11 December 2023), Gaza and Ukraine: How the US Risks Losing the Global South, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://original.antiwar.com/?p=2012350660. (Accessed: December 11, 2023).

Chris Hedges (9 December 2023), The Evil Israel Does is the Evil Israel Gets, The Chris Hedges Report. Available at: https://chrishedges.substack.com/p/the-evil-israel-does-is-the-evil. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Tony Karon and Daniel Levy, Tehran Times (11 December 2023) “Israel is losing this war.” Available at: https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/492404/Israel-is-losing-this-war (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Thomas Friedman (13 December 2023), "Israel Needs to Know the Arab Oil States Won’t Rebuild Gaza for Free," Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231213004105/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/12/opinion/israel-gaza-saudi-arabia.html. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Andre Damon, As Gaza genocide continues, US prepares major escalation of war throughout Middle East (17 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/18/ytuk-d18.html (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Alfons Pérez and Nicola Scherer, (22 December 2023), Israel’s Latest Weapon Against Palestine Is Egypt’s Debt, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/22/israels-latest-weapon-against-palestine-is-egypts-debt/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Anon., Gaza vs the Bully: What Does the Saudi Poll Tell Us about Normalization? - ANALYSIS (23 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-vs-the-bully-what-does-the-saudi-poll-tell-us-about-normalization-analysis/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

David Hearst (22 December 2023), Netanyahu wanted to “collapse” Hamas. This war could collapse Israel, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-palestine-war-netanyahu-collapse-hamas-no-longer (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Alistair Crooke, Netanyahu Outsmarted by ‘Wily’ Biden? No, Biden Is the One Being Played (25 December 2023), Strategic Culture Foundation. Available at: https://strategic-culture.su/news/2023/12/25/netanyahu-outsmarted-by-wily-biden-no-biden-one-being-played/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Amna Javed (25 December 2023), Woe is Palestine: A Story Of Global And Regional Failure, The Friday Times. Available at: https://thefridaytimes.com/25-Dec-2023/woe-is-palestine-a-story-of-global-and-regional-failure (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Patrick Wintour (26 December 2023), “Why US double standards on Israel and Russia play into a dangerous game,” The Guardian, 26 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/dec/26/why-us-double-standards-on-israel-and-russia-play-into-a-dangerous-game (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon., Our Palestinian Vision - Leadership of Palestinian Resistance Groups Issue Join Statement (28 December 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-palestinian-vision-leadership-of-palestinian-resistance-groups-issue-join-statement/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Phillip Giraldi (21 December 2023), The Antisemitic Moment, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/pgiraldi/the-antisemitic-moment/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Hamid Dabashi (29 December 2023), Israel’s war on Gaza encapsulates the entire history of European colonialism, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-war-on-gaza-encapsulates-entire-history-european-colonialism (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

As`ad AbuKhalil (3 January 2024) AS`AD AbuKHALIL: Hamas & Arab Public Opinion, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/03/asad-abukhalil-hamas-arab-public-opinion/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (30 December 2023), Gen. Soleimani’s role in Al-Aqsa storm operation “undeniable,” Mehr News Agency. Available at: https://en.mehrnews.com/news/210088/Gen-Soleimani-s-role-in-Al-Aqsa-storm-operation-undeniable (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

Pepe Escobar, BRICS member South Africa takes Zionism to court (10 January 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles-id/18338 (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Mike Whitney (5 January 2024), Is Uncle Sam Being Duped into Fighting Israel’s War?, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/is-uncle-sam-being-duped-into-fighting-israels-war/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Aaron Maté (15 January 2024), Biden, Israel’s accomplice in Gaza, pretends to be a bystander, Aaron Mate blog. Available at: https://www.aaronmate.net/p/biden-israels-accomplice-in-gaza (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Richard Falk (17 January 2024), In Gaza, the West Is Enabling the Most Transparent Genocide in Human History, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/west-enabling-genocide-gaza (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

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Day After

Samia Nakhoul, et al (17 December 2023), US wants shakeup of Palestinian Authority to run Gaza after Hamas, Msn.com. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/us-wants-shakeup-of-palestinian-authority-to-run-gaza-after-hamas/ar-AA1lAKCk (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

As for planning for the day after the war, the senior official acknowledged that Israel “is still in its early stages. But we know that it won’t be Israel or Hamas ruling Gaza. We have no plans to reoccupy Gaza.”

“That’s a really important starting point, and we’ll have to take it from there,” the senior Israeli official said.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has asserted that Israel will maintain a buffer zone as well as overall security control over Gaza, leaving some in Washington to fear that he is laying the groundwork for permanent Israeli reoccupation of the Strip. Israeli officials have asserted they will be able to maintain control over Gaza without necessarily requiring boots on the ground.

Jacob Magid, Israeli official denies divide with US over war, says support is “public and private”  (11 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-official-denies-divide-with-us-over-war-says-support-is-public-and-private/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon., Netanyahu says Palestinians can have a “state minus” (22 January 2017), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: http://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-says-palestinians-can-have-a-state-minus/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), Netanyahu says Israel to manage Gaza’s security indefinitely after the war, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/7/netanyahu-says-no-ceasefire-until-captives-freed-open-to-little-pauses. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Taking a question on the issue, Netanyahu reiterates first that, after the war, Israel will retain “overall security control, including the capacity to go in whenever we want to eliminate terrorists who may pop up again.”



But in any case, we must have security control,” he adds. “I insist upon it. There may be pressure on this issue. I don’t intend to cave.”

Anon., Netanyahu indicates Israel will oppose Palestinian Authority’s return to Gaza after war (11 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/netanyahu-suggests-israel-to-oppose-palestinian-authoritys-return-to-gaza-after-war/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Ivana Kottasová (23 October 2023) “As a ground incursion looms, the big question remains: What is Israel’s plan for Gaza?,” CNN. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/21/middleeast/israel-hamas-war-gaza-future-intl/index.html. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (19 November 2023). Why Are Arab Countries Reluctant To Send Peacekeepers To Gaza?, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/why-are-arab-countries-reluctant. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), Netanyahu says Israel to manage Gaza’s security indefinitely after the war, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/7/netanyahu-says-no-ceasefire-until-captives-freed-open-to-little-pauses. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Taking a question on the issue, Netanyahu reiterates first that, after the war, Israel will retain “overall security control, including the capacity to go in whenever we want to eliminate terrorists who may pop up again.”



But in any case, we must have security control,” he adds. “I insist upon it. There may be pressure on this issue. I don’t intend to cave.”

Anon., Netanyahu indicates Israel will oppose Palestinian Authority’s return to Gaza after war (11 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/netanyahu-suggests-israel-to-oppose-palestinian-authoritys-return-to-gaza-after-war/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Ivana Kottasová (23 October 2023) “As a ground incursion looms, the big question remains: What is Israel’s plan for Gaza?,” CNN. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/21/middleeast/israel-hamas-war-gaza-future-intl/index.html. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (19 November 2023). Why Are Arab Countries Reluctant To Send Peacekeepers To Gaza?, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/why-are-arab-countries-reluctant. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Reuters (6 December 2023), Turkey Rejects “Buffer Zone” Plan for Gaza, Erdogan Says, U.S. News & World Report. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2023-12-06/turkey-rejects-buffer-zone-plan-for-gaza-erdogan-says. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

As pressure mounts on Israel over the civilian toll of its war to destroy Hamas, the Palestinian Authority is working with US officials on a plan to run Gaza after the war is over, Bloomberg News reported.

Citing Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Shtayyeh, it said the preferred outcome would be for Hamas to become a junior partner under the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), helping to build a new independent state that includes the West Bank, Gaza and East Jerusalem.

“If they (Hamas) are ready to come to an agreement and accept the political platform of the PLO, then there will be room for talk. Palestinians should not be divided,” Shtayyeh said, adding that Israel’s aim to fully defeat Hamas is unrealistic.

Arab News (8 December 2023), “US criticizes Israel on Gaza civilian toll as UN to hear ceasefire demand.” Available at: https://www.arabnews.com/node/2422131 (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Jacob Magid, Foreign minister: At war’s end, not only will Hamas be gone, but Gaza’s territory will shrink (18 October 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/foreign-minister-at-wars-end-not-only-will-hamas-be-gone-but-gazas-territory-will-shrink/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Lydia Wazir (16 December 2023), Neither a two-state nor one-state solution is viable. What now? Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231216-neither-a-two-state-nor-one-state-solution-is-viable-what-now/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (16 December 2023), Haaretz to Biden: ‘Netanyahu the main problem in Israel,’ Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231216-haaretz-to-biden-netanyahu-the-main-problem-in-israel/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Dan Perry (20 December 2023), A Way Out of the Mideast Disaster, Newsweek. Available at: https://www.newsweek.com/way-out-mideast-disaster-opinion-1853943 (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Hanegbi suggests J’lem falling in line with plan for PA-run Gaza, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/hanegbi-suggests-jlem-falling-in-line-with-plan-for-pa-run-gaza/ (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Marvie Basilan (20 December 2023), Israel-Hamas Conflict: Israel Will Accept “Reformed” Palestinian Authority; International Business Times. Available at: https://www.ibtimes.com/israel-hamas-conflict-live-rocket-fired-us-iraq-air-base-hamas-rejects-israeli-truce-offer-3721032 (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Alfons Pérez and Nicola Scherer, (22 December 2023), Israel’s Latest Weapon Against Palestine Is Egypt’s Debt, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/22/israels-latest-weapon-against-palestine-is-egypts-debt/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Netanyahu again says PA will not rule Gaza, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/netanyahu-again-says-pa-will-not-rule-gaza/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Netanyahu Urges Troops “Do Not Stop” While Calling Biden’s Post-Hamas Plan ‘A Pipe Dream’ (26 December 2023),  ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/netanyahu-urges-troops-do-not-stop-while-calling-bidens-post-hamas-plan-pipe-dream (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Loveday Morris and Yasmeen Abutaleb (25 December 2023), “U.S. struggles to revive Palestinian Authority for post-war Gaza role.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/25/palestinian-authority-gaza-hamas-war/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Barak Ravid (20 December 2023). Scoop: Top Bibi confidant expected in D.C. for talks on next phase of Gaza warAxios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/12/25/netanayahu-dermer-gaza-israel-hamas-war-talks (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon., Netanyahu said to deny security chiefs’ bids to discuss post-war plan for Gaza (26 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-said-to-deny-security-chiefs-bids-to-discuss-post-war-plan-for-gaza/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon. (27 December 2023), Egypt’s El-Sissi, Jordan’s Abdullah say they would reject any Israeli move to expel Palestinians, NewsLooks. Available at: https://www.newslooks.com/egypts-el-sissi-jordans-abdullah-say-they-would-reject-any-israeli-move-to-expel-palestinians/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Taylor Luck and Fatima AbdulKarim (22 December 2023), “A plan for Gaza’s future is taking shape. Obstacles loom,” The Christian Science Monitor, 22 December. Available at: https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2023/1222/A-plan-for-Gaza-s-future-is-taking-shape.-Obstacles-loom (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (3 January 2024), After US censure, Smotrich repeats call to resettle Gazans, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/after-us-condemnation-smotrich-repeats-support-for-resettling-gazans/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Bybelezer, C. (2024) EU: Must impose an end to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/eu-must-impose-an-end-to-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (3 January 2024), EU: Must impose an end to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/eu-must-impose-an-end-to-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon., ‘Expel Them to Congo’ - The Latest on Israel’s Plan to Ethnically Cleanse Palestinians (3 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/expel-them-to-congo-the-latest-on-israels-plan-to-ethnically-cleanse-palestinians/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Tal Schneider and Jacob Magid, Gallant’s post-war Gaza plan: Palestinians to run civil affairs with global task force (4 January 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/gallants-post-war-gaza-plan-palestinians-to-run-civil-affairs-with-global-task-force/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Olivia Rosane (19 January 2024), Pressley, Raskin Lead Call for Biden to Oppose “Forced Expulsion” of Gazans, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/pressley-raskin-forced-expulsion-gaza-gaza (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Mondoweiss, (19 January 2024), Instagram. Available at: https://www.instagram.com/reel/C2QboKzpmc9/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024). (Video statement by Benjamin Netanyahu, announcing that Israel will retain security control of Gaza Strip after war's end; i.e., no Palestinian state.)

Jonathan Ofir (19 January 2024), If you’re surprised by Netanyahu’s ‘river to the sea’ comment, you haven’t been paying attention, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/if-youre-surprised-by-netanyahus-river-to-the-sea-comment-you-havent-been-paying-attention/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Reuters (18 February 2024), “Israel opposes ‘unilateral’ imposition of Palestinian state.” Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/netanyahu-formalize-israels-opposition-unilateral-imposition-palestinian-state-2024-02-18/ (Accessed: February 19, 2024).

Anon., Al-Zaytoun neighborhood is a microcosm of the Israeli “next day” in Gaza (23 February 2024), Palestinian People's Party. Available at: https://www.ppp.ps/ar_page.php?id=1b0b136y28356918Y1b0b136 (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Mike Whitney (26 February 2024), Egypt Sells Out Palestinians for $10 Billion Loan Package, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/egypt-sells-out-palestinians-for-10-billion-loan-package/ (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

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1 State Solution

Anon., One Democratic State Campaign Manifesto (2020) all. Available at: https://onestatecampaign.org/all/en-manifesto/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Daphna Thier and Sumaya Awad, The One-State Solution (30 April 2023). Jacobin.com. Available at: https://jacobin.com/2021/04/one-state-solution-israeli-palestinian-conflict-resolution-democracy-rights. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Shahid Bolsen, Message to the Israeli People (24 October 2023), Middle Nation, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBumTNZvVvk. (Accessed December 24, 2023) (calls for Israelis to support a single state solution to achieve mature nationhood).



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2 State Solution

Paul Merrell (7 December 2023), Palestine: The Two-State Solution Is Illegal, The Relatively Free Press, Available at: https://relativelyfreepress.blogspot.com/2023/12/palestine-two-state-solution-is-illegal.html. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Peter Beinart, There Is No Right to a State, Jewish Currents (27 January 2021). Available at: https://jewishcurrents.org/there-is-no-right-to-a-state (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (15 December 2023), “There will be a day after in Gaza. Here’s what it can look like.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2023/12/15/israel-gaza-war-biden-peace/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023) (calling for a two-state solution).

Mitchell Plitnick (18 January 2024), Biden’s ‘day after’ plan for Gaza reflects ignorance and incompetence, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/bidens-day-after-plan-for-gaza-reflects-ignorance-and-incompetence/ (Accessed: February 12, 2024).

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Get Rid of the Palestinians

Ariel Kahana, US lawmakers review plan linking Gaza refugee resettlement to American aid to Arab countries (1 December 2023), Israel Today. Available at: https://www.israeltoday.co.il/read/us-lawmakers-review-plan-linking-gaza-refugee-resettlement-to-american-aid-to-arab-countries/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Ryan Grim (3 December 2023), Netanyahu’s Goal for Gaza: “Thin” Population “to a Minimum,” The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/12/03/netanyahu-thin-gaza-population/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

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History

Avalon Project - Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, Report to the United States Government and His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom (20 April 1946) Yale.edu. Available at: https://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/angtoc.asp. (Accessed: December 16, 2023). (Situation and its history in Palestine two years before the British government resigned as the Mandate government of Palestine.)

Lena Dallasheh (May 2023), The normalisation of transfer ideology among the Israeli right, Org.il. Available at: https://www.ofekcenter.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/The-Normalisation-of-Transfer-Ideology-among-the-Israeli-Right.docx.pdf. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Ron Unz (11 December 2023), American Pravda: The Nakba and the Holocaust, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/runz/american-pravda-the-nakba-and-the-holocaust/. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Avi Shlaim (21 December 2023), War on Gaza: Netanyahu, Hamas and the origins of the 2023 Nakba war, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/big-story/gaza-war-israel-netanyahu-hamas-origins-2023-nakba (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Anon. (19 December 2023), Netanyahu, America & the Road to War in Gaza (full documentary) FRONTLINE, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7QjVgYW4Vo (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Yoav Litvin (21 December 2023), The anatomy of Zionist genocide, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/12/21/the-anatomy-of-zionist-genocide (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Paul Pillar (15 June 2021), How we conveniently ignore the “terrorists” among our allies, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/2021/06/15/lazy-use-of-the-terrorist-label-makes-for-bad-foreign-policy/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

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Humanitarian Efforts

Reuters (21 December 2023), Entire Gaza population facing hunger crisis, famine risk: UN-backed report, Deccan Herald. Available at: https://www.deccanherald.com/world/entire-gaza-population-facing-hunger-crisis-famine-risk-un-backed-report-2821481 (Accessed: December 22, 2023.)

Lee Keath (6 January 2024), Cumbersome process and “arbitrary” Israeli inspections slow aid delivery into Gaza, US senators say, Associated Press. ABC News. Available at: https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/cumbersome-process-arbitrary-israeli-inspections-slow-aid-delivery-106159918 (Accessed: January 11, 2024).

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Individuals and Organizations

    Individuals
    Organizations

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Individuals

    Abu Obaida
    Ahmad Sa’adat
    Ismail Haniyeh
    Brett McGurk
    Khalida Jarrar
    Marwan Barghouti 
    Mohammad Yusuf Dahlan
    Mohammed al-Zouari
    Osama Hamdan
    Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan
    Saleh al-Arouri
    Saleh al-Arouri
    Yoav Gallant
    Yahya Sinwar

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Abu Obaida

Anon. (2023) Abu Obaida (Hamas)Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Obaida_(Hamas)&oldid=1189475911. (Accessed: December 28, 2023.)

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Ahmad Sa’adat

Anon., Palestinian Leaders in Israeli Prisons: Who Is Ahmad Sa’adat? (7 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/palestinian-leaders-in-israeli-prisons-who-is-ahmad-saadat/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

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Ismail Haniyeh

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2023) “Ismail Haniyeh,” Encyclopedia Britannica.

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Brett McGurk

Paul Wood (19 April 2021), Brett McGurk: A Hero of Our TimeNew Lines Magazine. Available at: https://newlinesmag.com/argument/brett-mcgurk-a-hero-of-our-time/ (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

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John Kirby

Now This Impact. (undated), U.S. Hypocrisy on Gaza vs. Ukraine. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/dYupQIdoJuw (Accessed: February 22, 2024).

Khalida Jarrar

Anon., “Hope out of Despair”: Who is Khalida Jarrar, Palestinian Leader Detained by Israel (26 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/fashioning-hope-out-of-despair-who-is-khalida-jarrar-iconic-palestinian-leader-detained-by-israel/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

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Marwan Barghouti 

Anon (no date), Marwan Barghouti, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marwan_Barghouti&oldid=1184797463. (Accessed December 17, 2023.)

Anon., Israel Finally Reveals New Location for Marwan Barghouti (17 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-finally-reveals-new-location-for-marwan-barghouti/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023.)

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Mohammad Yusuf Dahlan

Anon., (no date), Mohammed DahlanWikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mohammed_Dahlan&oldid=1183440144.

Mr Dahlan is powerful, well-connected and particularly influential in the UAE – a key regional powerbroker – where he serves as a close adviser to Abu Dhabi’s powerful ruler, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed.

He is said to have played a major role behind the scenes in the Abraham Accords, the 2020 normalisation treaty between Israel, the UAE and Bahrain.

This makes him more palatable to Israel, as does his role in the Oslo peace agreement.

But the extent of his popularity among Gazans is less clear.

He has been accused of presiding over the torture of Hamas captives in the 1990s but denies this.



Dr Rubin said while Fayyad is “popular” in the West, “behind the scenes, I think the emphasis is going to be on a strong man… and that’s where someone like Mohammed Dahlan comes in”.

He noted Mr Dahlan’s broad regional support and his strong ties with US intelligence officials.

Rozina Sabur, et al (16 December 2023), “White House fears Palestinian president not capable of running Gaza,” The Daily Telegraph. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/16/white-house-fears-mahmoud-abbas-not-capable-of-running-gaza/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).


Mohammed al-Zouari

Anon., Who Is Mohammed al-Zouari, the Tunisian Engineer behind Hamas’ Attack Drones? (16 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/who-is-mohammed-al-zouari-the-tunisian-engineer-behind-hamas-attack-drones/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

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Osama Hamdan

Anon. (undated), Osama Hamdan, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osama_Hamdan&oldid=1187710693.

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Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan

Abdullah Bozkurt, President ErdoÄŸan’s family promotes Muslim Brotherhood ideology among millions of students in Turkey (3 November 2021), Nordic Monitor. Available at: https://nordicmonitor.com/2021/11/president-erdogans-family-promotes-muslim-brotherhood-ideology-among-millions-of-students-in-turkey/ (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

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Saleh al-Arouri

Saleh Al-’Arouri, Deputy-Head Of Hamas’ Political Bureau: Developing The Resistance In The West Bank, Including Rocket Capabilities, Is A Supreme Goal; We Must Take Advantage Of The Global Developments To Escalate The Confrontation With Israel (2023) Middle East Media Research Institute Special Dispatch No. 10793. Available at: https://www.memri.org/reports/saleh-al-arouri-deputy-head-hamas-political-bureau-developing-resistance-west-bank-including (Accessed: November 19, 2023). (Account of 6 September 2023 interview, one month before Hamas attack.) (Only a month before the Hamas attack on 7 October, Al-'Arouri states that northern West Bank is the focus of Islamist anti-Israeli activities.)

Anon., This is What Happened in the First Three Hours of “Al-Aqsa Flood”: Saleh al-Arouri Reveals. (12 October 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/this-is-what-happened-in-the-first-three-hours-of-al-aqsa-flood-saleh-al-arouri-reveals/. (Accessed: 19 November 2023). (Hamas account of its initial attack.)

But Israeli authorities also have launched an international manhunt for another Hamas leader, USA Today has learned: Saleh al-Arouri. 

They’re pursuing him not just for his insider knowledge of the attack but for his ties to others – possibly those “relevant parties” he cited in August.

Photo of Saleh al-Arouri provided by U.S. State Department in 2018 when it offered a $5 million reward for information about him, saying he funds and directs Hamas’ military operations in the West Bank and was linked to terrorist attacks, hijackings, and kidnappings.

The attack went far beyond what was expected from Hamas alone. A mass border invasion. Drones and paragliders. Withering rocket fire. Precise raids on military surveillance, communications and intelligence hubs. Those plans bear the hallmarks of sophisticated backers from the outside.

Current and former intelligence officials say Arouri sits at a strategic intersection of three entities: Hamas; Hezbollah, the Lebanon-based terrorist group that is considered the world’s most formidable; and Iran, the world’s deadliest state sponsor of terrorism.

Josh Meyer (20 October 2023) “He’s a key link between Hamas and Iran. Now Israel is hunting the world to find him,” USA Today, 20 October. Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2023/10/20/hamas-israel-attack-saleh-al-arouri/71170881007/ (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

He spent a total of 20 years in Israeli prisons and was released in 2010 under the condition of deportation. He currently resides in Lebanon.



Arura's mayor, Ali Khseib, told AFP that the army seized al-Arouri's residence and used it to interrogate numerous village residents.

During the operation, the army erected a sign on al-Arouri's house featuring his image and the Israeli flag, as witnessed by onlookers, and these images circulated on social media. The sign read, "This was the home of Saleh al-Arouri, now the headquarters of Abu al-Nemr - Israeli Intelligence."

Residents clarified that Abu al-Nemr is the codename for the Israeli intelligence officer responsible for the region.

After dozens of villagers underwent questioning, the Israeli army arrested over 20 people, including Saleh al-Arouri's brother and nine of his nephews.

Anon., (21 October 2023), The Israeli army raids the village of Hamas leader Saleh al-Arouri in the West Bank, LBCI Lebanon. Available at: https://www.lbcgroup.tv/news/middleeastnews/729760/lbci-lebanon-articles/en. (Accessed: November 19, 2023). (Note that the raid happened mere hours after the USA Today article linked above.)

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Saleh al-Arouri

Anon. (2 January 2024), Who is Saleh al-Arouri; Hamas Resistance leader killed by “Israel”?, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/who-is-saleh-al-arouri--hamas-resistance-leader-killed-by--i (Accessed: January 3, 2024).

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Yoav Gallant

Armin Rosin, Israel's Man in Black (1 February 2024), Tablet Magazine. Available at: https://www.tabletmag.com/feature/yoav-gallant-profile-armin-rosen (Accessed: February 1, 2024). (Article about Yoav Gallant.)

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Yahya Sinwar

Anon., (2023) Yahya SinwarWikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yahya_Sinwar&oldid=1188667034. (Accessed 6 December 2023.)

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Organizations

Muslim Brotherhood

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Muslim Brotherhood

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2023) “Muslim Brotherhood,” Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Muslim-Brotherhood

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Media

See also Hasbara.

Jonathan Cook, Western media’s parroting of official lies is paving way to genocide in Gaza (16 October 2023), Jonathan Cook web site. Available at: https://www.jonathan-cook.net/2023-10-16/media-official-lies-genocide-gaza/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Millie Cooke (28 October 2023) ‘Deeply disturbed’ BBC staff ‘crying at work’ over Israel-Gaza coverage, GB News. Available at: https://www.gbnews.com/politics/bbc-israel-gaza-palestine-war (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Kathryn Shihadah (30 October 2023), Media bias in Western coverage of Israel’s war on Gaza, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/western-media-coverage-of-israels-war-on-gaza-bias-or-unprofessionalism/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Mat Nashed (29 October 2023) Western coverage of Israel’s war on Gaza – bias or unprofessionalism?Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/29/western-coverage-of-israels-war-on-gaza-bias-or-unprofessionalism (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Vanessa Beeley (7 November 2023), Mutiny at the BBC – ‘gravest possible concerns’ over Palestine coverageThe Wall Will Fall. Available at: https://thewallwillfall.org/2023/11/07/mutiny-at-the-bbc-gravest-possible-concerns-over-palestine-coverage/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Laura Wagner and Will Sommer(1699), Hundreds of journalists sign letter protesting coverage of Israel, Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2023/11/09/open-letter-journalists-israel-gaza/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., A Dangerous Conflation (2 November 2023), n+1. Available at: https://www.nplusonemag.com/online-only/online-only/a-dangerous-conflation/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon. (11 November 2023), Why are Western media accused of bias on Israel-Palestine? Inside Story, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtFocW6gi5c. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Oscar Grenfell, UN expert exposes Australian government, media complicity in Gaza genocide (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/kmja-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon., BBC Accused of Bias in Gaza Coverage (25 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/bbc-accused-of-bias-in-gaza-coverage/. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Patrick Lawrence (28 November 2023), Patrick Lawrence: Media’s Fatal Compromises, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/28/patrick-lawrence-medias-fatal-compromises/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

John Knefel, Manufacturing fear: How Fox News invented a terrorist attack and used it to demonize Muslims (28 November 2023), Media Matters for America. Available at: https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/manufacturing-fear-how-fox-news-invented-terrorist-attack-and-used-it-demonize-muslims. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Payton Armstrong, Fox News vice president accused of making Islamophobic comments in the newsroom oversaw the network’s anti-Muslim coverage of numerous terror attacks, (21 November 2023). Media Matters for America. Available at: https://www.mediamatters.org/fox-news/fox-news-vice-president-accused-making-islamophobic-comments-newsroom-oversaw-networks. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Anon., AMP Condemns Media Complicity In Dehumanization And Misinformation Leading To Multiple Violent Attacks On Palestinian Americans (27 November 2023), AMP. Available at: https://www.ampalestine.org/media/media-room/statements/amp-condemns-media-complicity-dehumanization-and-misinformation-leading. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Mohammed El-Kurd and Dave Reed (6 January 2024). Mohammed El-Kurd and Ahmad Alnaouq on the complicity of mainstream media in Israel’s genocidal attack on Gaza, Mondoweiss. https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/mohammed-el-kurd-and-ahmad-al-naouq-on-the-complicity-of-mainstream-media-in-israels-genocidal-attack-on-gaza/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Gareth Porter (6 January 2024), How Israel Leverages Genocide With Hamas ‘Massacres,’ Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/06/how-israel-leverages-genocide-with-hamas-massacres/ (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

Robert Scheer (4 January 2024), Family of Israeli Woman in N. Y. Times Hamas Rape Report Renounces Story, Says Reporters Manipulated Them. ScheerPost. https://scheerpost.com/2024/01/04/family-of-key-case-in-new-york-times-october-7-sexual-violence-report-renounces-story-says-reporters-manipulated-them/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Michael Brown (11 February 2024), Pro-Israel bias grips CNN, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/michael-f-brown/pro-israel-bias-grips-cnn (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

James North (25 February 2024), Extraordinary charges of bias emerge against NYTimes reporter Anat Schwartz, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/02/extraordinary-charges-of-bias-emerge-against-nytimes-reporter-anat-schwartz/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Back to top

Opposition to Israel and U.S.

Alex Lantier, Mass protests erupt internationally against Israeli war on Gaza (13 October 2023) World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/10/14/kiuo-o14.html?pk_kwd=wsws (Accessed: 16 October 2023).

Patrick Martin, Corporate media censors mass protests against Israeli genocide in Gaza (30 October 2023),
World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/10/30/hmag-o30.html. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Jake Johnson (19 October 2023) US State Department Official Resigns Over ‘Destructive, Unjust’ Arms Transfers to Israel, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/state-department-official-resigns (Accessed: 20 October 2023). Otterbein, ‘The man broke my heart’: Biden’s Arab-American boosters begin to leave his side (23 October 2023). POLITICO. Available at: https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/23/biden-israel-muslim-voters-michigan-2024-00122910 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Hannah Allam and Michelle Boorstein, White House scrambles to repair relations with Arab, Muslim Americans (27 October 2023) The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/10/27/biden-israel-palestine-muslim-americans-war/. (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Brett Wilkins. (26 October 2023) Biden Accused of ‘Genocide Denial’ After Gaslighting Victims of Israel’s Gaza Slaughter, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/gaza-death-toll (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Ryan Grim (3 November 2023), Inside the Biden White House, Doubts About Gaza War Are Beginning to Creep In, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/03/israel-gaza-war-politics/. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Ryan Grim (2 November 2023), Dick Durbin, AIPAC’s First Successful Recruit, Becomes First Senator to Call for Gaza Ceasefire, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/02/dick-durbin-gaza-ceasefire-aipac/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Fatima Hussein and Oleg Cetinic (5 November 2023) Protest Marches Across the Globe Call for Gaza CeasefireTime. Time. Available at: https://time.com/6331625/protests-us-global-israel-gaza-ceasefire/. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Anon. (5 November 2023), Hundreds of Thousands March in Washington DC to Demand an End to Israeli War, Siege on Gaza.
Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hundreds-of-thousands-march-in-washington-dc-to-demand-an-end-to-israeli-war-siege-on-gaza/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Jillian Smith (18 October 2023), Hundreds arrested after Pro-Palestinian demonstrators flood Cannon Rotunda, Capitol complex, FOX 5 DC. Available at: https://www.fox5dc.com/news/pro-palestinian-protest-underway-at-capitol-rotunda-uscp-detains-some-demonstrators-israel-hamas-war-capitol-hill-jewish-voices-for-peace (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Tyler Durden (7 November 2023), Biden’s Democratic Coalition Is Splintering Over Israel & The Economy, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/political/bidens-democratic-coalition-splintering-over-israel-economy. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Brett Wilkins (7 November 2023), Progressive Leaders Warn Biden’s Support for Gaza ‘Slaughter’ Risks Millions of Young Votes, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-gaza-2024. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Norman Finkelstein (6 November 2023), A Response to Bernie Sanders. Norman Finkelstein’s Substack. Available at: https://normanfinkelstein.substack.com/p/a-response-to-senator-bernie-sanders. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

(9 November 2023), South Africa takes bold stand! | calls ICC to arrest Netanyahu. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jDBp0g65Jk. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Jake Johnson (9 November 2023), “No Possibility” of Gaza Cease-Fire, Biden Says as 500+ Former Staffers Demand One, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/no-possibility-of-gaza-cease-fire-biden-says-as-500-former-staffers-demand-one. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Anon., Ending Complicity in International Crimes: A Two-Way Arms Embargo on Israel (11 November 2023). Addameer.org. Available at: https://www.addameer.org/news/5206 (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Micah Lee (11 November 2023), Anti-Defamation League Maps Jewish Peace Rallies with Antisemitic Attacks, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/11/palestine-israel-protests-ceasefire-antisemitic/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Khadija Quadri Al Jilani (10 November 2023) Chicago to Biden — ‘You are not welcome here as long as you enable genocide,’ Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/chicago-to-biden-you-are-not-welcome-here-as-long-as-you-enable-genocide/ (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Umar Farooq (5 November 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Washington sees largest pro-Palestine protest in US history, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-washington-largest-protest-us-history. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Julia Conley (17 November 2023), Alumni Withhold Donations Over University Responses to Pro-Palestine Protests, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/alumni-withhold-donations-gaza. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Anon., Were authorities caught off guard by Bay Bridge protest? SF sheriff weighs in (16 November 2023), ABC7 San Francisco. Available at: https://abc7news.com/bay-bridge-protest-protesters-demonstration-shut-down/14072058/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Researcher Talia Jane took the time to create a detailed thread breaking down the dimensions of overhead photographs and D.C. streets to reach an informed conclusion. Her estimate? About 25,000 people. So, the Consulate General of Israel in New York was only off by 265,000.

Of that 25,000 it’s unclear how many were paid to attend. Pro-Israel organizations made a number of social media posts offering $250 “microgrants” to students who agreed to be bussed to Washington. Nice work if you can get it. Fox News might want to pursue this story as we’ve finally found proof of U.S. protesters getting paid for their efforts.

Michael Arria (16 November 2023), The Shift: March for Israel, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/the-shift-march-for-israel/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Paul Thornton (18 November 2023) “The Hamas massacre didn’t give Israel the right to kill 12,000 Palestinians. Cease-fire now,” 18 November. Available at: https://www.latimes.com/opinion/newsletter/2023-11-18/opinion-newsletter-gaza-ceasefire-israel-opinion. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Brett Wilkins (19 November 2023), Protesters Demanding Gaza Cease-Fire Shut Down California Democratic Convention, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/california-democratic-convention-2023 (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Michael Birnbaum (11 November 2023), “U.S. is warned about its global standing as Gaza suffering persists.” The Washington Post, Available at: (paywalled) https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/11/11/us-israel-gaza-civilian-deaths/ (or no paywall) https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/11/11/us-israel-gaza-civilian-deaths/. (Accessed: November 20, 2023).

Anon., Global protests against Israeli genocide continue as official death toll in Gaza climbs past 13,000 (20 November 2023)m World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/lxgm-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Jacob Crosse, Ceasefire protesters interrupt California Democratic Convention, temporarily halting event (20 Novembere 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/21/zacm-n21.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon. (11 November 2023), “Pro-Palestinian protest draws 300,000 in London, as police make counter-protest arrests,” BBC. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-67390343. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon. (2023) “Live updates: Israel-Hamas war, Initial group of 24 hostages released, truce appears to be holding,” 25 November. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-11-25-23/index.html (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Anon. (11 November 2023). “Pro-Palestinian protest draws 300,000 in London, as police make counter-protest arrests,” 11 November. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-67390343. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Anon. (26 November 2023), More than 100,000 back on the streets of London for Gaza. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NO6fukznnY8. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

KRON (28 November 2023), Permanent ceasefire resolution passes in Oakland. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rIllasTa1Q. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Defense for Children International, et al — Palestine v. Biden, et al, Civil No. 3:23-cv-5829, DC Northern District California, Complaint of 13 November 2023, https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2023/11/Complaint_DCI-Pal-v-Biden_w.pdf

Natalie Weinstein (30 November 2023), Oakland City Council rejects bid to denounce Hamas, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Mitchell Plitnick (9 November 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Bernie Sanders’ refusal to call for a ceasefire in Gaza is alienating his base, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-palestine-war-gaza-bernie-sanders-ceasefire-progressive-base-alienating. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Anon. (22 November 2023) “Boycott campaigns over Gaza war hit Western brands in some Arab countries,” Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/boycott-campaigns-over-gaza-war-hit-western-brands-some-arab-countries-2023-11-22/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Connor Echols (21 November 2023), 1200 political scientists call for ceasefire in Gaza, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/political-scientists-call-for-gaza-ceasefire/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. (23 November 2023), “Boycott campaigns over Gaza war hit Western brands in some Arab countries,” Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/boycott-campaigns-over-gaza-war-hit-western-brands-some-arab-countries-2023-11-22/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Ajit Niranjan, et al (5 December 2023) “‘No climate justice without peace’: Gaza becomes flashpoint for climate activists,” The Guardian, 5 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/dec/05/no-climate-justice-without-peace-gaza-becomes-flashpoint-for-climate-activists. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon., A call from Palestine to the Global Climate Justice Movements: Ending #GazaGenocide is a Climate Issue (30 November 2023), BDS Movement. Available at: https://bdsmovement.net/A-Call-From-Palestine-To-Global-Climate-Justice-Movements. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

David Walsh, Thousands in Guernica, Spain draw link between 1937 fascist bombings and Gaza genocide (8 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/09/qyit-d09.html. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., UK pupils and students protest during day of action against Israel’s onslaught on Gaza (8 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/08/xrju-d08.html. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Al Jazeera (11 December 2023), World condemns Israel’s war on Gaza as it marches for Palestine, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2023/12/11/photos-world-condemns-israels-war-on-gaza-as-it-marches-for-palestine. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Joe Lauria, US Losing Allies on Gaza (13 Decembere 2023), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/13/us-losing-allies-at-un-on-gaza/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Protesters try to stop aid trucks entering Gaza, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/protesters-try-to-stop-aid-trucks-entering-gaza/ (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

David Zirin (21 December 2023), Even soccer is a target in Israel’s war on PalestineThe Real News Network. Available at: http://therealnews.com/even-soccer-is-a-target-in-israels-war-on-palestine (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Jessica Corbett (20 December 2023), Meet the Companies Profiting From Israel’s War on Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/weapons-used-by-israel (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Kevin Reed, Twitter/X censors Susan Sarandon’s support for protest demanding a ceasefire in Gaza (23 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/23/vwpk-d23.html (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Anon., Israeli organizations to President Biden: stop the humanitarian catastrophe (13 December 2023), B’Tselem. Available at: https://www.btselem.org/press_releases/20231213_israeli_organizations_to_president_biden_stop_the_humanitarian_catastrophe (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon. (25 December 2023), BREAKING: “Shut it Down for Palestine” protests outside homes of Defense Sec Lloyd Austin, National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan on Christmas morning, thepostmillennial.com. Available at: https://thepostmillennial.com/breaking-shut-it-down-for-palestine-protests-outside-homes-of-defense-sec-lloyd-austin-national-security-advisor-jake-sullivan-on-christmas-morning (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon. (26 December 2023), Pro-Palestinian Christmas march turns violent, clashes with NYPD, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Charlie McCarthy (27 December 2023), Pro-Palestinian Protesters Strike at JFK, LAX Airports, Newsmax. Available at: https://www.newsmax.com/newsfront/pro-palestinian-demonstrators-jfk/2023/12/27/id/1147387/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Olivia Rosane (8 January 2024), Protests Urging Gaza Cease-Fire Block NYC Tunnel, BridgesCommon Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/activists-block-manhattan-gaza (Accessed: January 9, 2024).

Julia Conley (8 January 2024), 800+ Global Groups Back South Africa’s Genocide Case as ICJ Prepares for Hearing, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/800-groups-icj (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Ibrahim Husseini (9 January 2024), Over 650 Israelis back South Africa ICJ case against IsraelThe New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/over-650-israelis-back-south-africa-icj-case-against-israel (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Anon., ‘Kick Israel Out’ - Eurovision Song Contest Urged to Boycott Israel (9 February 2024) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/kick-israel-out-eurovision-song-contest-urged-to-boycott-israel/ (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Anon. (10 February 2024), Basketball Ireland Refuses to Shake Hands with Israeli Opponents (2024) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/basketball-ireland-refuses-to-shake-hands-with-israeli-opponents/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Anon. (25 February 2024), Man Sets Himself on Fire Outside Israeli Embassy in DC, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/self-immolation-israel-embassy (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Jon Queally (24 February 2024), To “Push” Biden on Gaza, Beto O’Rourke Latest to Back “Uncommitted” Campaign in Michigan, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/beto-o-rourke-uncommitted-biden-michigan (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Anne Wright (26 February 2024), Killing Oneself to Try to Stop a War, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/02/26/killing-oneself-to-try-to-stop-a-war/ (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

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Peace Negotiations

Anon. (17 December 2023), “Hopes for fresh truce as Israel keeps up attacks in Gaza,” Dawn, 17 December. Available at: https://www.dawn.com (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (19 December 2023), Douglas McGregor: ISRAEL has announced the WITHDRAWAL of 70% forces from Gaza, began with the truce. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pGHQbATHCY (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon., Israel signals readiness for new temporary truce in Gaza as pressure mounts (19 December 2023), Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/israel-signals-readiness-for-new-temporary-truce-in-gaza-as-pressure-mounts/ar-AA1lKmmG (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon., “YEDIOTH AHRONOTH: Israel is determined to achieve a breakthrough in the ceasefire negotiations despite knowing that it ‘will pay a heavy price" (19 December 2023). The Palestine Chronicle on X. Available at: https://twitter.com/PalestineChron/status/1737231681755480405 (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

The Palestine Chronicle on X: “HAMAS: We reject any prisoner exchange negotiations with the Israeli occupation unless the aggression stops completely. X (16 December 2023) Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/PalestineChron/status/1736133477412512201 (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Rozina Sabur, et al (16 December 2023) “White House fears Palestinian president not capable of running Gaza,” The Daily Telegraph. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/16/white-house-fears-mahmoud-abbas-not-capable-of-running-gaza/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Molly Bohannon (20 December 2023), Israel Offers Week-Long Cease-Fire In Exchange For 40 Hostages In Latest Negotiations, Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/mollybohannon/2023/12/20/israel-offers-week-long-cease-fire-in-exchange-for-40-hostages-in-latest-negotiations/?sh=6544417d9166 (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Reuters (2023) “Hamas leader visits Egypt amid intensive talks on new ceasefire,” 20 December. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-battles-hamas-streets-gaza-city-un-delays-vote-again-2023-12-20/ (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Anon. (20 December 2023), “Hamas leader visits Egypt amid intensive talks on new ceasefire,” Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-battles-hamas-streets-gaza-city-un-delays-vote-again-2023-12-20/ (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Benoit Faucon, et al (20 December 2023), Hamas, Palestinian Rivals Conduct Talks About Governing Postwar Gaza, Mint. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231220045926/https://www.livemint.com/politics/hamas-palestinian-rivals-conduct-talks-about-governing-postwar-gaza-11703046702147.html (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Hamas not interested in new truce, says senior official, The Daily Telegraph. Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/21/israel-hamas-war-news-latest-gaza-live-updates/ (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Marianna Labbate (22 December 2023), Senators Call On Biden to Press Qatar to Help Work Out New Hostage Deal with Hamas, The Messenger. Available at: https://themessenger.com/politics/senators-call-on-biden-to-press-qatar-to-help-work-out-new-hostage-deal-with-hamas (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Anon. (26 December 2023), Netanyahu lays out 3 prerequisites for peace with Gaza, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/netanyahu-lays-out-3-prerequisites-for-peace/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon. (26 December 2023), Netanyahu pushes for “voluntary migration” for Palestinians in Gaza: Israeli media, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231226-netanyahu-pushes-for-voluntary-migration-for-palestinians-in-gaza-israeli-media/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Maha Hussaini, et al. (25 December 2023), War on Gaza: Egypt proposes detailed ceasefire plan as Israel vows to expand Gaza campaign, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/egypt-proposes-detailed-ceasefire-plan-israel-vows-expand-gaza-campaign (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Roni Rabin (22 December 2023), “Hamas Hostages and Families of Captives Sue Red Cross in Israeli Court,” The New York Times, 22 December. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/22/world/middleeast/israel-hamas-hostages-red-cross-lawsuit.html (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon., ‘Our Conditions’ - Full Text of Hamas Response to Ceasefire Proposal. (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-conditions-full-text-of-hamas-response-to-ceasefire-proposal/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., ‘Looking at It Intensely’ - Blinken, Israel Discuss Hamas Response to Ceasefire Proposal. (7 February 2024). Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/looking-at-it-intensely-blinken-israel-discuss-hamas-response-to-ceasefire-proposal/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Israel-Hamas Deal Is Dead As Netanyahu Dismisses “Delusional” Terms, War To “Expand” (7 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/hamas-responds-ceasefire-offer-135-day-truce-plan-israel-pessimistic (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., ‘Our Conditions’ - Full Text of Hamas Response to Ceasefire Proposal (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-conditions-full-text-of-hamas-response-to-ceasefire-proposal/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., ‘Looking at It Intensely’ - Blinken, Israel Discuss Hamas Response to Ceasefire Proposal (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/looking-at-it-intensely-blinken-israel-discuss-hamas-response-to-ceasefire-proposal/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., “Our Firm Position” on Any Normalization with Israel - Saudi Arabia (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-firm-position-on-any-normalization-with-israel-saudi-arabia/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., Israel-Hamas Deal Is Dead As Netanyahu Dismisses “Delusional” Terms, War To “Expand” (7 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/hamas-responds-ceasefire-offer-135-day-truce-plan-israel-pessimistic (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Barak Ravid (31 January 2024), Scoop: State Department reviewing options for possible recognition of Palestinian state, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2024/01/31/palestine-statehood-biden-israel-gaza-war (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

Anon., ‘Helping Israel Save Face’ - Hamas Addresses Gaza Truce Reports (27 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/helping-israel-save-face-hamas-addresses-gaza-truce-reports/ (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

Emma Graham-Harrison (27 February 2024), “What we know so far about the draft Israel-Hamas ceasefire deal,” The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/27/what-we-know-so-far-about-the-draft-israel-hamas-ceasefire-deal (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Al Arabiya English (undated), Hamas says Biden’s remarks on Gaza truce proposal ‘premature’ as it studies dealReuters. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2024/02/27/Hamas-receives-draft-proposal-allowing-40-day-halt-in-Israeli-military-operations (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Al Arabiya English (undated), Hamas says Biden’s remarks on Gaza truce proposal ‘premature’ as it studies deal, Reuters. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2024/02/27/Hamas-receives-draft-proposal-allowing-40-day-halt-in-Israeli-military-operations (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Anon., ‘Our Conditions’ - Full Text of Hamas Response to Ceasefire Proposal (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-conditions-full-text-of-hamas-response-to-ceasefire-proposal/ (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

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Regional War

Tyler Durden, Iran & US Use Saudi Arabia To Swap Messages, Seek To Cool Gaza Tensions (21 January 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/iran-us-use-saudi-arabia-swap-messages-seek-cool-gaza-tensions (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Jon Hoffman, Is the U.S. On the Verge of Another Forever War? (2 February 2024) Cato Institute. Available at: https://www.cato.org/commentary/us-verge-another-forever-war (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

Justin Logan, The Middle East Is a Costly Distraction (6 February 2024), Cato Institute. Available at: https://www.cato.org/commentary/middle-east-costly-distraction (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

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Sanctions

Innovation Diary, (3 December 2023), Spain, Canada, France, and Italy Sanctioned Israel On China’s Orders, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ES1Vnt6NFak. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon. (18 November 2023) Revenge! First oil embargo on Israel after Muslim nation’s summit goes into effect. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoihiKV44dU (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon. (17 December 2023), Boycott Switzerland, the partner in genocide! Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/boycott-switzerland-the-partner-in-genocide/ (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

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Suggested Actions

Medea Benjamin and Nicolas Davies (16 December 2023), Getting serious about halting Israeli genocide –Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/getting-serious-about-halting-israeli-genocide/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (no date), Urge Governments to Invoke the Genocide Convention to Stop the War on Gaza - RootsAction, Rootsaction.org. Available at: https://rootsaction.org/featured-actions/3239-urge-governments-to-invoke-the-genocide-convention-to-stop-the-war-on-gaza. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

BDS Movement (no date), BDS Movement Campaigns. Available at: https://bdsmovement.net/. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft (12 December 2023), How Biden Can End the War in Gaza. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qe8-bQjcdKQ. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

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Americas

Anon., Mexico Joins Chile in Referring Israel to the ICC - BREAKING (18 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/mexico-joins-chile-in-referring-israel-to-the-icc-breaking/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon. (19 February 2024), Israel declares Brazil’s Lula persona non grata for likening Gaza war to Shoah, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/israel-declares-brazils-lula-persona-non-grata-for-likening-gaza-war-to-shoah/ (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

Brett Wilkins (19 February 2024), Lula Recalls Israel Envoy Amid Escalating Clash Over Genocide Remarks, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/lula-persona-non-grata (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

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Australia

Anon., Poll shows majority of Australians want a ceasefire in Gaza (9 November 2023), Australia Palestine Advocacy Network - APAN. Available at: https://apan.org.au/media_release/poll-shows-majority-of-australians-want-a-ceasefire-in-gaza// (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Anon. (12 December 2023), Canada, Australia and New Zealand support Palestinian right to self-determination, Teller Report. Available at: https://www.tellerreport.com/news/2023-12-12-canada--australia-and-new-zealand-support-palestinian-right-to-self-determination.r1svGBI8p.html. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Sarah Canales (4 January 2024), “Grassroots Labor members urge Australia to back South Africa’s case against Israel at UN court,” The Guardian, 4 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/04/grassroots-labor-members-urge-australia-to-back-south-africas-case-against-israel-at-un-court (Accessed: January 5, 2024).

Oscar Grenfell, Australian Labor government pushes anti-doxxing laws to protect Zionist witch-hunters (14 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/14/glao-f14.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon., More health workers oppose the witch hunting of Australian medical practitioners for denouncing the Gaza genocide (11 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/12/ulux-f12.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

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BRICS

Anon. (29 January 2024), BRICS Sanction Israel & US After Recent Events In Gaza Palestine! Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PunGoCf3OQ (Accessed: January 31, 2024).

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Canada

Nora Barrows-Friedman (17 November 2023), Canadian lawyers warn Justin Trudeau they will seek genocide prosecution, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/nora-barrows-friedman/canadian-lawyers-warn-justin-trudeau-they-will-seek-genocide-prosecution. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Anon. (12 December 2023), Canada, Australia and New Zealand support Palestinian right to self-determination, Teller Report. Available at: https://www.tellerreport.com/news/2023-12-12-canada--australia-and-new-zealand-support-palestinian-right-to-self-determination.r1svGBI8p.html. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon., Canadian government issued with notice of intention to seek prosecution of Canadian politicians for complicity in war crimes in Gaza (16 November 2024), Icjpalestine.com. Available at: https://www.icjpalestine.com/2023/11/16/canadian-government-issued-with-notice-of-intention-to-seek-prosecution-of-canadian-politicians-for-complicity-in-war-crimes-in-gaza/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).


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China

Anon., (13 October 2023). Wang Yi: China Stands on the Side of Peace and Human Conscience on the Question of Palestine. Available at: https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/zxxx_662805/202310/t20231014_11160987.html (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

China also called for the convening of “a more authoritative, wide-ranging and effective” international peace summit as soon as possible. The proposal is aimed at “resuming peace talks to formulate a time table and road map to peace between Palestine and Israel,” according to a readout for a separate call on Monday that Wang convened with his counterpart from the Palestinian National Authority Riyad al-Maliki.

Clemant Tan (24 October 2023) China urges Israel to abide by international law and protect civilians in Gaza, CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/24/israel-hamas-war-china-urges-israel-to-abide-by-international-laws.html (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Liz Lee (23 October 2023) China will do utmost to contribute to Palestinian-Israeli reconciliation - state media, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/china-will-do-utmost-contribute-palestinian-israeli-reconciliation-state-media-2023-10-24/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Yang Sheng (2 November 2023), ‘Gaza cease-fire top priority’ as China assumes UNSC presidency, Global Times. Available at: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202311/1301118.shtml. (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Meng-Li Yang (28 November 2023) Q&A: Israel’s Ambassador Says China’s Online Antisemitism Part of Global Phenomenon, Voice of America (VOA News). Available at: https://www.voanews.com/a/q-a-israel-s-ambassador-says-china-s-online-antisemitism-part-of-global-phenomenon-/7372977.html. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Anon. (31 October 2023), China says Israel’s illegal occupation of Palestine, root cause of conflict, urges immediate truce. PressTV. Available at https://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2023/10/31/713765/Palestine-Israeli-violence-Gaza-Strip-China-Wang-Wenbin-occupation-root-cause-conflict. (Accessed 7 December 2023.)

Anon., Palestine Peace Proposal: Xi emerges as global peacemaker (9 December 2023) Com.pk. Available at: https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2023/12/09/palestine-peace-proposal-xi-emerge-as-global-peacemaker/ (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon. (26 December 2023), US actions blamed for Red Sea crisisCom.cn. Available at: https://global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202312/26/WS658a2ba3a31040ac301a97ff.html (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

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E.U.

Jan Strupczewski, EU to call for ‘humanitarian pause’ in Israel-Hamas war -draft summit text (23 October 2023) Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/eu-call-humanitarian-pause-israel-hamas-war-draft-eu-summit-conclusions-2023-10-23/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Anon., Joint Statement on Israel (22 October 2023) United States Government. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/10/22/joint-statement-on-israel-2/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Giovanna Faggionato (25 November 2023), Arab states condemn Geert Wilders for push to relocate Palestinians to Jordan, POLITICO. Available at: https://www.poli1tico.eu/article/geert-wilders-netherlands-palestinians-jordan-arab-states-condemn/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Anon. ( 2023) European Union SANCTIONS Israel!, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scL0oECWc90. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Mike Corder, (4 December 2023), Dutch lawyers seek court order to halt export of F-35 fighter jet parts to Israel, ABC News. Available at: https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory/dutch-lawyers-seek-civil-court-order-halt-export-105351289. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon., No Halt to Export of F-35 Fighter Jet Parts to Israel –Dutch Court Ruling (16 Decembeer 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/no-halt-to-export-of-f-35-fighter-jet-parts-to-israel-dutch-court-ruling/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Mared Jones, Does Europe back the Hague court’s war probe in Israel and Gaza? (11 December 2023), euronews. Available at: https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2023/12/11/the-hague-court-wants-to-probe-war-crimes-in-israel-and-gaza-where-does-europe-stand. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Lisa O’Carroll (15 December 2023), “Hungary blocks €50bn in EU aid for Ukraine hours after membership talks approved,” The Guardian, 15 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/15/hungary-blocks-50bn-in-eu-aid-for-ukraine-hours-after-membership-talks-were-approved (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon., ‘No Thanks, Frau Genocide’ – Irish MP to European Commission President (26 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/no-thanks-frau-genocide-irish-mp-to-european-commission-president/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon. (3 January 2024), EU: Must impose an end to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/eu-must-impose-an-end-to-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Johannes Stern, German Greens on the war offensive in the Middle East (10 January 2024) World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/01/10/qrki-j10.html (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Andrew Rettman (18 January 2024), EU edging toward first-ever sanctions on Israeli settlers, EUobserver. Available at: https://euobserver.com/world/157947 (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Anon., EU Parliament adopts resolution calling for permanent cease-fire in Gaza but Hamas must go (2024) AP News. Available at: https://apnews.com/article/eu-israel-gaza-hamas-ceasefire-7e353c48c3f9ba82709db0d3e08e0269 (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Jake Johnson (12 February 2024), EU’s Borrell: Cut Off Arms to IsraelConsortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/02/12/eus-borrell-cut-off-arms-to-israel/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Jessica Corbett, (12 February 2024), Dutch Court Blocks Weapons Parts for Israel, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/02/12/dutch-court-blocks-weapons-parts-for-israel/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Alejandro López, Spain’s PSOE-Sumar government continues arming Israel for Gaza genocide (14 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/14/ujpv-f14.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Julia Conley (14 February 2024), Calls Grow for “European Arms Embargo” on Israel After Dutch F-35 Ruling, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/european-arms-embargo-israel (Accessed: February 15, 2024).

Ali Abunimah (24 February 2024), German leaders face criminal complaint over Gaza genocide, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/german-leaders-face-criminal-complaint-over-gaza-genocide (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Anon., ‘Inflammatory, Breach of International Law’ – EU’s Borrell Slams Settler Expansion (25 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/inflammatory-breach-of-international-law-eus-borrell-slams-settler-expansion/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

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Egypt

The Associated Press (11 February 2024), Egypt threatens to suspend key peace treaty if Israel pushes into Rafah on its border, officials say, CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/11/egypt-threatens-to-suspend-key-peace-treaty-if-israel-pushes-into-rafah-on-its-border-officials-say.html (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Egypt Erects 8-Square-Mile Walled Enclosure In Sinai Desert For Rafah Refugee Spillover (15 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/egypt-erects-8-square-mile-walled-enclosure-sinai-desert-rafah-refugee-spillover (Accessed: February 18, 2024).

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France

Her statement coincided with the news that French and Jordanian air forces had dropped seven tons of urgent humanitarian and medical aid for a field hospital in Khan Yunis, in southern Gaza.

Three Main Reasons Why France is Shifting Its Stance on Israel’s War on Gaza - ANALYSIS (6 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/three-main-reasons-why-france-is-shifting-its-stance-on-israels-war-on-gaza-analysis/ (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

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Global South

Patrick Bond (27 November 2023), “Breaking Off Diplomatic Relations with Israel will be Counterproductive,” Claims South Africa’s (Unreliable) Foreign Minister, CounterPunch.org. Available at: https://www.counterpunch.org/2023/11/27/breaking-off-diplomatic-relations-with-israel-will-be-counterproductive-claims-south-africas-unreliable-foreign-minister/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Ramzy Baroud (28 November 2023), How Gaza’s struggle reignited global indigenous and anti-colonial movements, People’s World. Available at: https://peoplesworld.org/article/how-gazas-struggle-reignited-global-indigenous-and-anti-colonial-movements/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Sarang Shidore (9 October 2023), How the Global South is reacting to events in Israel and Gaza today, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/hamas-israel-global-south/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023) (Survey of official policy and thinking in 11 nations).

Anon. (29 November 2023), India votes in favour of UNGA resolution that shows concern over Israel not withdrawing from Syrian Golan, Firstpost. Available at: https://www.firstpost.com/india/india-votes-in-favour-of-unga-resolution-that-shows-concern-over-israel-not-withdrawing-from-syrian-golan-13443912.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2023) (The resolution passed.)

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Hamas

On Saturday, October 5, 2023, at precisely 6:00 am Palestine time, the governing body of Gaza, State of Palestine, launched an attack on Israeli troops, named Operation Al Aqsa Flood. ("Al Aqsa" is taken after the famous mosque by that name, located in Jerusalem.

“This is the day of the greatest battle to end the last occupation and the last apartheid regime of earth,” the Hamas military commander, Mohammed Deif, has declared.


Anon. (7 October 2023), Day 1 of Hamas-Israel war blog: Saturday, Oct. 7, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/day-1-hamas-israel-war-blog-saturday-oct-7. (Accessed: 9 November 2023).

John Helmer, Race War against the Palestinians Turns into War of the Worlds – Will the US and Russian Navies Engage off Gaza & Other Questions (no date) Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/race-war-against-the-palestinians-turns-into-war-of-the-worlds-will-the-us-and-russian-navies-engage-off-gaza-other-questions/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Statement after statement, starting with that of Al-Qassam Brigades' top commander Mohammed Deif—followed by Ismail Haniyeh, head of Hamas's political bureau, and later Ziad al-Nakhla of the Islamic Jihad—showed that the Palestinian demands are both clear and precise: freeing all prisoners, respecting the sanctity of Palestinian holy sites in Jerusalem, ending the siege on Gaza, and more.

Ramzy Baroud, (October 10, 2023) Netanyahu Has Already Lost the Gaza War, But Will He Concede?, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/netanyahu-has-lost-gaza-war (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Nitish Verma, (13 October 2023) Prominent Hamas Figure Saleh Al-Arouri Advocates for Religious Pluralism and Coexistence, BNN Breaking. Available at: https://bnn.network/world/us/prominent-hamas-figure-saleh-al-arouri-advocates-for-religious-pluralism-and-coexistence/ (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Reuters (25 October 2023) Gaza families wear ID bracelets to avoid burial in mass graves, The Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/gaza-families-wear-id-bracelets-avoid-burial-mass-graves-726682 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Anon., (28 October 2023). ‘Be Confident, Our People’ – This is What Abu Obeida Said in Latest Statement. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/be-confident-our-people-this-is-what-abu-obeida-said-in-latest-statement/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).
    
Anon. (29 October 2023), Hamas Leader: Start Preparing Lists of All Israeli Prisoners in Gaza. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hamas-leader-start-preparing-lists-of-all-israeli-prisoners-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon., Hamas holds strong in Gaza despite army’s best efforts: Israeli media, (2 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/hamas-holds-strong-in-gaza-despite-armys-best-efforts-israeli-media. (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Benoit Faucon (3 November 2023), Hamas Has Deadlier Weapons Than the Last Time Israel Invaded Gaza. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/hamas-has-deadlier-weapons-than-the-last-time-israel-invaded-gaza/ar-AA1jmyVZ?cvid=44a9f55b74ab450fa5a7eb30ee21e329&ei=107 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (1 November 2023), Hamas Official: We Will Repeat October 7 Attacks Until Israel Is Annihilated, https://archive.ph/lTXIk#selection-475.0-475.76, Haaretz. (Accessed: 4 November 2023.)

Patrick Kingsley and Ronen Bergman (13 October 2023), The Secrets Hamas Knew About Israel’s Military, New York Times, https://archive.ph/APeQv#selection-407.0-407.46. (Accessed 4 November 2023.)

Mohamad Sweidan, Young, bold, and angry: The youth-led revival of the Palestinian cause (2 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/young-bold-and-angry-the-youth-led-revival-of-the-palestinian-cause. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Josh Holder, et al (31 October 2023) “A Detailed Satellite View of Israel’s Invasion,” The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/30/world/middleeast/israel-invasion-gaza-satellite-image-map.html. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Anon., Amid Gaza Genocide, New Poll Gauges Palestinians Views on Coexistence with Israel (18 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/amid-gaza-genocide-new-poll-gauge-palestinians-views-on-coexistence-with-israel/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Middle East Observer on X: “Full Abu Obeida speech with translations," (23 November 2023). Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/ME_Observer_/status/1727746802827378861. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Anon. (27 November 2023), Palestinian minister: Hamas’s October 7 massacre of Israelis “heroic,” The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

“William Scott Ritter Jr. former United States Marine Corps intelligence officer: ‘HAMAS attack 7 oct was not a terror attack, It was a successful military raid,’ (12 November 2023). Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/the_amanur/status/1723972945700434196. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

The Express Tribune (2023), Hamas Official Demands End to Israeli Aggression: Blaming Netanyahu for Hostage Situation. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSUSqWTbFlg. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Anon., National and Islamic Forces calls for a global strike for Gaza on Monday (9 December 2023), WAFA Agency. Available at: http://wafa.ps/Pages/Details/139960. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon. (22 December 2023), Israeli propaganda inadvertently reveals stunning Gaza tunnels. The Electronic Intifada, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Qeqqdl5juM (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., From Vietnam to Gaza - Abu Obeida Issues New Statement (TEXT) (28 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/from-vietnam-to-gaza-abu-obeida-issues-new-statement-text/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Eric Sof (2023) Al-Yassin 105: A heavily modified anti-tank round based on RPG-2 and RPG-7 design, Spec Ops Magazine. Available at: https://special-ops.org/al-yassin-105-a-heavily-modified-anti-tank-round-based-on-rpg-2-and-rpg-7-design/ (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Anon. (9 January 2024), “Hamas chief’s plea to Muslim states: Support ‘resistance with weapons,’” Hindustan Times, 9 January. Available at: https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/hamas-chiefs-plea-to-muslim-states-support-resistance-with-weapons-101704793356850.html (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Feeds Writer, What Israeli Forces Are Reportedly Finding in Hamas Stockpiles Will Keep You Up At Night (15 January 2024), Feeds North. Available at: https://feedsnorth.com/what-israeli-forces-are-reportedly-finding-in-hamas-stockpiles-will-keep-you-up-at-night/ (Accessed: January 16, 2024).

Ruth Eglash (14 January 2024), How Hamas fooled gullible donors to fund its billion-dollar terror tunnel system, Fox News. Available at: https://www.foxnews.com/world/hamas-fooled-gullible-donors-fund-billion-dollar-terror-tunnel-system (Accessed: January 18, 2024).

Yousef Ramadan (18 January 2024), In the eyes of the world, Israel has lost, The Daily Star. Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Anon., Hamas Document Reveals: Why We Carried Out Al-Aqsa Flood Operation - SUMMARY & PDF (21 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hamas-document-reveals-why-we-we-carried-out-al-aqsa-flood-operation-summary-pdf/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Anon., No One Informed Us of Meetings Taking Place in Cairo - Hamas. (13 February 2024). Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/no-one-informed-us-of-meetings-taking-place-in-cairo-hamas/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

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Conditions in Gaza

Alaa Abu Shammala (21 November 2023), No water, no food, no privacy, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/no-water-no-food-no-privacy/41391. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Anon., Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel (7 December 2023), ReliefWeb. Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-61. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

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Hamas Prisoner Releases

https://twitter.com/Mesbah25944327/status/1716585501824524455

https://twitter.com/propandco/status/1711885898017632524

https://twitter.com/TVManar1/status/1716558470755823976

Seymour Hersh (31 October 2023), The Labyrinth War. Seymour Hersh. Available at: https://seymourhersh.substack.com/p/the-labyrinth-war. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Anon., ‘Optimism’ around release of 10-15 Israeli hostages as US warns against occupying Gaza, (8 November 2023), Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/live-updates-optimism-around-release-10-15-israeli-hostages-us-warns-against. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Alex Marquardt, et al, Hamas has demanded Israel stop flying drones over Gaza in hostage negotiations, sources say (17 November 2023), KTEN.com. Available at: https://www.kten.com/story/50022781/hamas-has-demanded-israel-stop-flying-drones-over-gaza-in-hostage-negotiations-sources-say. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).
 
Anon. (21 November 2023) “Israel, Hamas agree four-day truce, 50 hostages to go free,” Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-government-debates-deal-release-gaza-hostages-truce-2023-11-21/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023). (But the 150 Palestinians to be released don't rate the headline.)

Steve Hendrix, et al (21 November 2023e) “Israel, Hamas agree to hostage release deal.” Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/21/israel-gaza-hamas-hostage-deal/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Alex Gangitano (21 November 2023) “Inside the secret White House effort to secure the Hamas hostage release,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/4322262-inside-the-secret-white-house-effort-to-secure-the-hamas-hostage-release/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Adam Taylor, et al (22 November 2023), “Here’s what’s in the Israel-Hamas deal to pause fighting in Gaza,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/21/israel-hamas-deal-truce-hostages/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Jeremy Sharon, High Court rejects petition against hostage deal, paving way for its implementation tomorrow (22 November 2023) Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/high-court-rejects-petition-against-hostage-deal-paving-way-for-its-implementation-tomorrow/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Anon. These are the Terms of the Ceasefire Agreement (23 November 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/al-qassam-brigades-these-are-the-terms-of-the-ceasefire-agreement/ (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Peter Baker (27 November 2023), “Biden Hopes to Alter the Trajectory of the War as Hostages Are Released,” The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/27/us/politics/biden-israel-hamas-hostages.html. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Anon. (27 November 2023), CNN Correspondent Reveals Truth About Israel. Novara Media, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1AaSskxkgK. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Anon., More Prisoners Exchanged as Critical Talks on Extended Ceasefire Continue in Doha (30 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/more-prisoners-exchanged-as-critical-talks-on-extended-ceasefire-continue-in-doha/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Ruth Michaelson, et al (9 November 2023) “Netanyahu rejected ceasefire-for-hostages deal in Gaza, sources say,” The Guardian, 9 November. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/09/netanyahu-rejected-ceasefire-for-hostages-deal-in-gaza-sources-say. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

MSNBC (15 December 2023), IDF says hostages accidentally killed were incorrectly identified as a “threat.” Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdWtrl99_cA. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Anon., The Fate of Israel’s Captives in Gaza - Abu Obeida Issues New Statement (2 March 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-fate-of-israels-captives-in-gaza-abu-obeida-issues-new-statement/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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Rape Allegations

See also Where Are the Women's Rights Organizations?

Laura Kelly (4 December 2023), “US official says Hamas trying to hide treatment of women hostages,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/policy/international/4341659-us-official-says-hamas-trying-to-hide-treatment-of-women-hostages/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023). (Sure, and while I was in combat, I was obsessed with thoughts of committing rape. Not! Instead, I was obsessed with staying alive while carrying out my missions.)

Barak Ravid (4 December 2023), Hamas may not want to release women to keep them from talking, U.S. official says, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/12/04/hamas-israeli-women-hostages-release (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Shira Rubin (25 November 2023), “Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (4 December 2023), Watch: Debunking Israel’s “mass rape” propaganda, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/watch-debunking-israels-mass-rape-propaganda. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Novara Media (6 December 2023), Israel Attacks UN Women But Refuses Investigation Into Sexual Violence. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4P6zEy8WULE. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Kareena Pannu (8 December 2023), Despite lack of evidence, allegations of Hamas ‘mass rape’ are fueling Israeli genocide in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/despite-lack-of-evidence-allegations-of-hamas-mass-rape-are-fueling-israeli-genocide-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Carrie Keller- Lynn, Amid war and urgent need to ID bodies, evidence of Hamas’s October 7 rapes slips away (9 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/amid-war-and-urgent-need-to-id-bodies-evidence-of-hamass-october-7-rapes-slips-away/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023). ("But in the wake of the unprecedentedly large mass-casualty event, physical evidence of sexual assault was not collected from corpses by Israel’s overtaxed morgue facilities amid their ongoing scramble to identify the people killed, many of whose bodies were mutilated and burned.")

Jake Epstein (20 November 2023), “Sheryl Sandberg says rape should never be a tool of war and the horrors of the Hamas terror attacks can’t be swept under the rug,” Business Insider, 20 November. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/hamas-attacks-horrors-rape-cant-be-war-tool-sheryl-sandberg-2023-11. (Accessed: December 14, 2023). (Statement by prominent Jewish lady.)

Jonathan Cook (18 December 2023), Hamas “mass rape” claim lacks evidence. But it’s being used to justify genocide, Jonathan Cook. Available at: https://jonathancook.substack.com/p/hamas-mass-rape-claim-lacks-evidence (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Jonathan Cook (21 January 2024), Guardian’s ‘Hamas Mass Rape’ Story Doesn’t Add Up, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/21/guardians-hamas-mass-rape-story-doesnt-add-up/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).





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Polls

Anon., Public Opinion Poll No (90) (13 December 2023), Pcpsr.org. Available at: https://www.pcpsr.org/en/node/963 (Accessed: February 6, 2024).

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Hezbollah

Ali Hashem (27 October 2023), Will Lebanon’s Hezbollah change rules of engagement on Israel to aid Hamas?, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/will-lebanons-hezbollah-change-rules-engagement-israel-aid-hamas (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (29 October 2023), In Its Own Words: What Did Hezbollah Say about Escalation at the South Lebanon Border Today. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/in-its-own-words-what-did-hezbollah-say-about-escalation-at-the-south-lebanon-border-today/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Al Jazeera, Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah gives Gaza speech (3 November 2023) Information Clearing House.info. Available at: https://informationclearinghouse.blog/2023/11/03/hezbollah-chief-hassan-nasrallah-gives-gaza-speech/. (Accessed: 3 November 2023).

B., Nasrallah Speech On Gaza, (3 November 2023 ), Moon of Alabama. Available at: https://www.moonofalabama.org/2023/11/nazrallah-speech-on-gaza.html. (Accessed 6 November 2023.)

MoA - Nasrallah’s Second Speech On Gaza (11 November 2023), Moonofalabama.org. Available at: https://www.moonofalabama.org/2023/11/nasrallahs-second-speech-on-gaza.html. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Anon. (30 November 2023), Israel cannot tolerate Hezbollah acting with impunity at the border, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/ (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

John Helmer (12 December 2023), Israel’s Litani Ultimatum – Russian Reaction is That It’s Bluff, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/israels-litani-ultimatum-russian-reaction-is-that-its-bluff/. (Accessed: December 15, 2023).

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India

Anon., Indian Killer Drones on Way to Israel - Report. (13 February 2024). Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/indian-killer-drones-on-way-to-israel-report/

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International Criminal Court

Anon. (2 December 2023), “Palestinian rights groups snub ICC prosecutor,” 2 December. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/palestinian-rights-groups-snub-icc-prosecutor-2023-12-02/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Jeremy Sharon (29 October 2023), ICC prosecutor warns keeping aid from Gaza may be a crime, as Israel-Hamas war probed, The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/icc-prosecutor-warns-keeping-aid-from-gaza-may-be-a-crime-as-israel-hamas-war-probed/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

But we are going to have the determination, the stamina, and the professionalism to make sure we separate allegation from fact, investigate incriminating and exonerating evidence equally and most fundamentally, at this moment, underline the fact that there should not be any impediment to humanitarian relief supplies going to children, to women and men, civilians. They are innocent. They have rights under international humanitarian law. These rights are part of customary international law. These rights are part of the Geneva Conventions and they give rise to criminal responsibility, when these rights are curtailed, under the Rome Statute..

International Criminal Court (29 October 2023) #ICC Prosecutor @KarimKhanQC was at the Rafah Border Crossing between Egypt and the Gaza Strip this weekend. Watch his remarks. Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/IntlCrimCourt/status/1718661091155161172.. (Accessed: 1 November 2023).

Jeremy Corbin, The ICC must investigate the crime of genocide in Gaza (6 November 2023 MSN. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/the-icc-must-investigate-the-crime-of-genocide-in-gaza/ar-AA1jsCo0. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Anon. (9 November 2023), Palestinian human rights organizations call on ICC to issue arrest warrants against Israeli leaders for genocide and incitement to genocide, Al Mezan Center for Human Rights. Available at: https://www.mezan.org/public/en/post/46313. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Anon. (19 November 2023), Colombia to cosponsor Algeria’s war crimes ICC case against “Israel,” Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/colombia-to-cosponsor-algeria-s-war-crimes-icc-case-against. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Anon., South Africa Refers Israel to ICC for War Crimes Investigation (15 November 2023). Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/south-africa-refers-israel-to-icc-for-war-crimes-investigation/. (Accessed: November 15, 2023). See also Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide .

Anon. (15 November 2023), Turkey files lawsuit against Netanyahu with ICC over Gaza genocide, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/turkey-files-lawsuit-against-netanyahu-with-icc-over-gaza-ge. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Gareth Porter, The ‘Genocide Moment’ (29 October 2023), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/10/29/the-genocide-moment/. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

ICC Chief Prosecutor Karim Khan: The court has received a request from South Africa, Bolivia, Bangladesh, the Comoros and Djibouti to investigate the Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip.

Gaza Live Blog: 26 Palestinians, Mostly Children Killed in New Massacre in Khan Younis (18 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-us-eu-push-for-peacekeeping-force-in-gaza-israel-carries-out-new-massacres-resistance-destroys-dozens-of-israeli-military-vehicles-day-42/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Reed Brody (10 November 2023) “Gaza—Where Is the Law?,” The Nation, 10 November. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/world/gaza-israel-hamas-war/. (Accessed: November 24, 2023).

Anon., Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the Situation in the State of Palestine: receipt of a referral from five States Parties (17 November 2023), International Criminal Court. Available at: https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-prosecutor-international-criminal-court-karim-aa-khan-kc-situation-state-palestine. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. ICC Prosecutor speaks in Cairo on the situation in Israel and Palestine, International Criminal Court, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHyxpHiM1KA. (Accessed: November 22, 2023). (Speech delivered on 29 October shortly after his remarks at the Rafah Crossing.)

Michael Corder (3 December 2023), After visiting Israel and Ramallah, the ICC prosecutor says he will intensify investigations, AP News. Available at: https://apnews.com/article/gaza-icc-israel-war-hamas-prosecutor-e4077faca4a4e94c7b2c1550ce78cf57. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), Karim Khan faces criticism for showing bias against Palestinians, Quds News Network. Available at: https://qudsnen.co/karim-khan-faces-criticism-for-showing-bias-against-palestinians/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).
  
Marjorie Cohn, (13 December 2023), Forcible Transfer of Gazans Is a Crime Against Humanity, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/13/forcible-transfer-of-gazans-is-a-crime-against-humanity/. (Accessed: December 13, 2023). (Law professor Marjorie Cohn attacks "ICC Chief ‘s Blatant Israel Bias."")

Brett Wilkins (21 December 2023) Israeli Commanders Reported to ICC, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/21/israeli-commanders-reported-to-icc/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Jamal Kanj (3 January 2024), Israeli genocide and the International Criminal Court: Tales of hypocrisy, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/articles/opinion/israeli-genocide-and-the-international-criminal-court--tales (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Nikita Jain (13 January 2024), ICC To Investigate Targeted Killings of Journalists in Gaza, The Citizen, Thecitizen.in. Available at: https://www.thecitizen.in/world/icc-to-investigate-targeted-killings-of-journalists-in-gaza-989552 (Accessed: January 18, 2024).

Anon., “Matter of Utmost Urgency” - ICC Prosecutor Warns Israel over Rafah Plan (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/matter-of-utmost-urgency-icc-prosecutor-warns-israel-over-rafah-plan/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Anon., International Criminal Court prosecutor uses ‘double standards’ even as genocide is happening: Lawyer (8 January 2024). Andalou Agency. Retrieved February 14, 2024, from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/international-criminal-court-prosecutor-uses-double-standards-even-as-genocide-is-happening-lawyer/3102599

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Criminal Intent

See also Attitude of Israel's Ultra-Right Wing Leaders.

5Pillars, “While the world debates the legality of what Israel is doing in Gaza, Israeli leaders themselves have been crystal clear about their intent. But is anyone listening?" https://t.co/xUexi8l02x” / X (no date) Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/5Pillarsuk/status/1722564050154840439. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Chris McGreal (16 October 2023), “The language being used to describe Palestinians is genocidal,” The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/oct/16/the-language-being-used-to-describe-palestinians-is-genocidal. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

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Iran

Bhadrakumar, M. K. (11 October 2023) Iran Warns Israel against Its Apocalyptic War, Indian Punchline. Available at: https://www.indianpunchline.com/iran-warns-israel-against-its-apocalyptic-war/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Barak Ravid, (14 October 2023). Scoop: Iran Warns Israel through UN against Ground Offensive in Gaza. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/10/14/iran-warning-israel-hezbollah-hamas-war-gaza (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Smith, Y. (18 October 2023) Iran Calls For Middle East States to Start Economic Escalation Via Oil Embargo On Israel. Naked Capitalism. Available at: https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2023/10/iran-calls-for-middle-east-states-to-start-economic-escalation-via-oil-embargo-on-israel.html (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Iran Warns Situation Will Be Out of Control if Israel Invades Gaza (19 October 2023) Daily Times. Available at: https://dailytimes.com.pk/1141050/iran-warns-situation-will-be-out-of-control-if-israel-invades-gaza/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Tyler Durden (6 November 2023), Iran Warns Americans Will Be ‘Hit Hard’ If Gaza Ceasefire Not Reached, As CIA Director On Secretive Trip In Region, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/iran-warns-americans-will-be-hit-hard-if-gaza-ceasefire-not-reached-cia-director. (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), Iran’s Khamenei urges Iraq PM to pressure US over Gaza , Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/irans-khamenei-urges-iraq-pm-pressure-us-over-gaza. (Accessed: 8 November 2023). (The Iranian leader "claimed that there was more than enough evidence proving that "America was directly leading the war," without which Israel would be unable to press ahead.")

Jordan Shilton, G7 members threaten Iran with regional war amid ongoing Israeli slaughter in Gaza (8 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/09/ospq-n09.html (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Iran Warns Of “Inevitable Expansion” Of War After IDF Conducts Flag-Raising Ceremony In Gaza (10 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israeli-tanks-have-gaza-hospitals-surrounded-un-decries-hell-earth. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Anon., US lawmakers vote to “permanently freeze” $6bn in Iranian funds (1 December 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/us-lawmakers-vote-to-permanently-freeze-6bn-in-iranian-funds. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Ilya Tsukanov (23 December 2023), US ‘Trapped’ in Red Sea, Should Prepare for Gibraltar Strait’s ‘Closure’ - IRGC, Sputnik International. Available at: https://sputnikglobe.com/20231223/us-trapped-in-red-sea-should-prepare-for-gibraltar-straits-closure---irgc-1115773672.html (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., Iranian drone behind attack on chemical tanker in Indian Ocean, Pentagon says (24 December 2023), Sky. Available at: https://news.sky.com/story/iranian-drone-behind-attack-on-chemical-tanker-in-indian-ocean-pentagon-says-13037116 (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., Israel Assassinates Iranian Commander in Syria - Who is Gen. Mousavi (25 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-assassinates-iranian-commander-in-syria-who-is-gen-mousavi/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Anon., Iran ‘Will Flatten Tel Aviv to the Ground’ if This Happens - Top Iran IRGC Advisor (26 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/iran-will-flatten-tel-aviv-to-the-ground-if-this-happens-top-iran-irgc-advisor/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Iran’s IRGC Suffers Single Deadliest Day In Syria As Israel Strikes Damascus Airport (no date) ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/irans-irgc-suffers-single-deadliest-day-syria-israel-strikes-damascus-airport (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Lindsey Graham Urges Biden To Blow Iran “Off The Map” Over Red Sea Attacks (30 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/political/lindsey-graham-urges-biden-blow-iran-map-over-read-sea-attacks (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Anon. (3 January 2024), Blasts kill 84 as Iran marks three years since Soleimani killing, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/explosions-kill-70-as-iran-marks-3-years-since-soleimani-killing/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Trita Parsi on X: "Some brief analysis of the implications of the assassination of Iran’s top commander in Syria, Radhi Mousavi, presumably by Israel (25 December 2023), Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/tparsi/status/1739437021196619852 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (28 November 2023), Iran’s Raisi in Turkey to forge joint response to Gaza warThe Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/irans-raisi-turkey-forge-joint-response-gaza-war-747730 (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Watch: Iranian Drills Simulate Attack On One Of Israel’s Largest Airbases (13 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/watch-iranian-drills-simulate-attack-one-israels-largest-airbases (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

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Iraq

Jake Johnson (22 November 2023) “Dangerous Escalation”: Iraqi Government Condemns US Airstrikes, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/iraq-us-airstrikes. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Anon., Number Of Attacks On US Bases In Iraq & Syria Pushes Past 80 (9 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/military/number-attacks-us-bases-iraq-syria-pushes-past-80. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Dave DeCamp (21 December 2023), US Forces Have Come Under Attack Over 100 Times in Iraq and Syria Since October, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2023/12/21/us-forces-have-come-under-attack-over-100-times-in-iraq-and-syria-since-october/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Niha Masih and Mustafa Salim (26 December 2023), “U.S. strikes Iran-backed militias in Iraq after troops wounded in drone attack.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/12/26/us-airstrike-iraq-kataib-hezbollah/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Jake Johnson (26 December 2023), Iraq Slams US Airstrikes as “Unacceptable Violation” of Sovereignty, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/us-airstrikes-iraq (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Dave DeCamp (4 January 2024), US Drone Strike Kills Iraqi Militia Leader in Baghdad, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2024/01/04/us-drone-strike-kills-iraqi-militia-leader-in-baghdad/ (Accessed: January 5, 2024).

Reuters (20 January 2024), “US personnel suffer minor injuries in Iraq base attack: U.S. official,” 20 January. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/us-personnel-suffer-minor-injuries-iraq-base-attack-us-official-2024-01-20/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Peter Symonds, Anger erupts in Iraq over US drone strike in Baghdad (11 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20240214020728/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/12/dhxg-f12.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

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Israel

Contents     
        
     In-Box
    Attitude of Israel's Ultra-Right Wing Leaders
    Censorship
    Diaspora Jews
    Ethnic Cleansing
    Hasbara
    Hospital Attacks
    Intelligence Failure
    Israel Economy
    Israeli Attacks on Israelis
    Israeli Brutality
    Israeli Military Strategy
    Judiciary
    Knesset
    Lie about Lack of Warning
    Netanyahu Corruption Trial
    Netanyahu Government Collapse
    Northern Front
    Palestinian Prisoners
    Polls
    Prisoners of Israel
    Racism in Israel
    West Bank
    Where Are the Women's Rights Organizations?
  
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In-Box

Abunimah, A. (16 October 2023) Israeli forces shot their own civilians, kibbutz survivor says, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/israeli-forces-shot-their-own-civilians-kibbutz-survivor-says/38861 (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Yossi Verti (17 October 2023), Analysis | As Israel Reels From Hamas Attacks, Netanyahu Blames Everyone but Himself. Haaretz. Available at: https://archive.ph/AAGOW (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Kayla Bartsch (25 October 2023) Israel Agrees to Delay Gaza Ground Invasion until U.S. Can Deploy Air-Defense Systems, National Review. Available at: https://www.nationalreview.com/news/israel-agrees-to-delay-gaza-ground-invasion-until-u-s-can-deploy-air-defense-systems/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Rina Bassist (no date), Israel considers denying visas for UN officials, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/israel-considers-denying-visas-un-officials (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

Anon., (27 October 2023) Ground operations expanding in Gaza, Israel announces, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/ground-operations-expanding-gaza-israel-says/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

John Spritzler (17 October 2023), Hamas’ Attack on Israelis Strengthens, Not Weakens, Israel’s Right Wing Political Elite, CovertAction Magazine. Available at: https://covertactionmagazine.com/2023/10/17/hamas-attack-on-israelis-strengthens-not-weakens-israels-right-wing-political-elite/ (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Anon. (30 October 2023), Israel restored Gaza’s internet under U.S. pressure, official says; Netanyahu warns of long war, The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/29/israel-war-hamas-gaza-news-palestine/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Michael Bachner (20 October 2023), Poll: 80% of Israelis say Netanyahu must take public responsibility for Oct. 7 failures, The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/poll-80-of-israelis-say-netanyahu-must-take-public-responsibility-for-oct-7-failures/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Anon. (4 November 2023) Israel announces 3-hour Gaza highway clearance for evacuees on Saturday, L’Orient Today. Available at: https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1356166/israel-announces-3-hour-gaza-highway-clearance-for-evacuees-on-saturday.html (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Michael Sfard (2 November 2023), Israel Is Silencing Internal Critics, The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/02/opinion/israel-free-speech-hamas-palestine.html (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Ruth Lande (4 November 2023) Gaza should be occupied by the US, UK, France, Germany - opinion, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/opinion/article-771452 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon., Israel detains top Fatah leader, withholds PA funds over ‘terror support’ (1 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/israel-detains-top-fatah-leader-withholds-pa-funds-over-terror-support (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Ran Shimoni, (1 November 2023), Hundreds Involved in Attacking Arabs and Leftists, but Israel Police Arrest Only Four, Haaretz, https://archive.ph/9Fu93#selection-475.0-475.85. (Accessed 4 November 2023.)

Alia Shoaib (5 November 2023), Israeli minister swiftly punished after suggesting dropping a nuke on Gaza, Business Insider. Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-minister-suggested-nuking-gaza-swiftly-slapped-down-2023-11. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Anon. ‘World is Turning against Us’ – Former Israeli Prime Minister Barak Says (7 November 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/world-is-turning-against-us-former-israeli-prime-minister-barak-says/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Yvonne Ridley, (5 November 2023), An alternative to the Suez Canal is central to Israel’s genocide of the Palestinians, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231105-an-alternative-to-the-suez-canal-is-central-to-israels-genocide-of-the-palestinians/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Zachy Hennessey (29 November 2023), Future of Israeli economy after war remains unclear - analysis, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Akiva Van Koningsveld (27 February 2024), Gallant: Hamas and Iran plotting “second phase of Oct. 7” during RamadanJNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/gallant-hamas-and-iran-plotting-second-phase-of-oct-7-during-ramadan/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

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Attitude of Israel's Ultra-Right Wing Leaders

See also Hasbara.

Anon., Zionist Quotes: Herzl, Jabotinsky, Netanyahu, Weizmann, Sharon, Barak, Weitz, Ben-Gurion, Sharett, Dayan, Rabin, Shamir, Meir, Begin (no date), Thehypertexts.com. Avai lable at: http://www.thehypertexts.com/Zionist%20Quotes.htm (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

“Gaza will become a place where no human being can exist,” declared Giora Eiland, a former head of the Israeli National Security Council. “There is no other option for ensuring the security of the State of Israel.”

Nicholas Kristof (21 October 2023), We Must Not Kill Gazan Children to Try to Protect Israel’s Children, New York Times. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231101052253/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/21/opinion/israel-gaza-palestine-children.html. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Ramzy Baroud (26 October 2023), ‘Human Animals’: The Sordid Language Behind Israel’s Genocide in Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/language-of-genocide-in-gaza. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Brett Wilkins (30 October 2023), Netanyahu Accused of “Genocidal Intentions” in Gaza After “Holy Mission” Speech, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/netanyahu-genocide. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

The same day, retired Maj. Gen. Giora Eiland wrote in the daily newspaper Yedioth Ahronoth, “The State of Israel has no choice but to turn Gaza into a place that is temporarily or permanently impossible to live in.” He added, “Creating a severe humanitarian crisis in Gaza is a necessary means to achieving the goal.”


Omer Bartov (10 November 2023), We Still Have Time to Stop the Worst, The New York Times. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231110122230/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/10/opinion/israel-gaza-genocide-war.html. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Gareth Porter, The ‘Genocide Moment,’ (29 October 2023), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/10/29/the-genocide-moment/ (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Noah Lanard (3 November 2023), “The Dangerous History Behind Netanyahu’s Amalek Rhetoric,” Mother Jones. Available at: https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2023/11/benjamin-netanyahu-amalek-israel-palestine-gaza-saul-samuel-old-testament/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

An Israeli Knesset member, Meirav Ben-Ari, said: “The children of Gaza brought it upon themselves.”

Ryan Grim (3 December 2023), Netanyahu’s Goal for Gaza: “Thin” Population “to a Minimum,” The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/12/03/netanyahu-thin-gaza-population/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Anon. (28 November 2023), Netanyahu: ‘Only I can block a Palestinian state,’ Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231128-netanyahu-only-i-can-block-a-palestinian-state/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Mark Weber (no date),The Weight of Tradition: Why Judaism is Not Like Other Religions, Institute for Historical Review. Available at: https://www.ihr.org/judaism0709.html (Accessed: 7 November 2023). (Offers perspective on where the ultra-right wing leaders of Israel are coming from.)

Jonathan Ofir (8 December 2023), I used to think the term ’Judeo-Nazis’ was excessive. I don’t any longer, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/i-used-to-think-the-term-judeo-nazis-was-excessive-i-dont-any-longer/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., Palestinian Prisoners are “Nazis”, Should Be “Buried Alive” - Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem (9 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-prisoners-must-be-buried-alive-israeli-official/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

As the situation widely deteriorates in the Gaza Strip, Israeli parliament member and law-maker Ayelet Shaked has stigmatized all Palestinians as terrorists, wishing death on all Palestinians while supporting the Israeli military assault.

On Monday Shaked quoted this on her Facebook page: "Behind every terrorist stand dozens of men and women, without whom he could not engage in terrorism. They are all enemy combatants, and their blood shall be on all their heads. Now this also includes the mothers of the martyrs, who send them to hell with flowers and kisses. They should follow their sons, nothing would be more just. They should go, as should the physical homes in which they raised the snakes. Otherwise, more little snakes will be raised there."

"They have to die and their houses should be demolished so that they cannot bear any more terrorists," said Shaked. Standing behind the operations on Gaza, "they are all our enemies and their blood should be on our hands. This also applies to the mothers of the dead terrorists," Shaked added.

Anon. (14 July 2014), “Mothers of all Palestinians should also be killed,” says Israeli politician, Daily Sabah. Available at: https://www.dailysabah.com/mideast/2014/07/14/mothers-of-all-palestinians-should-also-be-killed-says-israeli-politician (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Lena Dallasheh (May 2023), The normalisation of transfer ideology among the Israeli right, Org.il. Available at: https://www.ofekcenter.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/The-Normalisation-of-Transfer-Ideology-among-the-Israeli-Right.docx.pdf. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Mark Landler (15 November 2023), “‘Erase Gaza’: War Unleashes Incendiary Rhetoric in Israel,” 15 November. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231115103931/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/15/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-war-rhetoric.html. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Anon. (18 December 2023), Netanyahu admits blocking establishment of Palestinian state, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231218-netanyahu-admits-blocking-establishment-of-palestinian-state/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

The Right of the Jewish People to the Land of Israel (Eretz Israel)

a. The right of the Jewish people to the land of Israel is eternal and indisputable and is linked with the right to security and peace; therefore, Judea and Samaria will not be handed to any foreign administration; between the Sea and the Jordan there will only be Israeli sovereignty.

b. A plan which relinquishes parts of western Eretz Israel, undermines our right to the country, unavoidably leads to the establishment of a "Palestinian State," jeopardizes the security of the Jewish population, endangers the existence of the State of Israel. and frustrates any prospect of peace.

Anon., Original Party Platform of the Likud Party (1977), Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Available at: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/original-party-platform-of-the-likud-party (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Andre Damon, As Gaza death toll nears 30,000, Israeli leaders call for ethnic cleansing (28 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/28/tmyz-d28.html (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Mouin Rabbani (2023), The long history of Zionist proposals to ethnically cleanse the Gaza Strip, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/the-long-history-of-zionist-proposals-to-ethnically-cleanse-the-gaza-strip/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Emma Graham-Harrison and Quique Kierszenbaum (3 January 2024), “Israeli public figures accuse judiciary of ignoring incitement to genocide in Gaza,” The Guardian, 3 January. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/03/israeli-public-figures-accuse-judiciary-of-ignoring-incitement-to-genocide-in-gaza (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Jordan News (4 January 2024), Israeli official admits to starving Gazan residents; video footage resurfaces, Jordan News | Latest News from Jordan, MENA. Available at: https://www.jordannews.jo/Section-20/Middle-East/Israeli-official-admits-to-starving-Gazan-residents-video-footage-resurfaces-33413 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Dave DeCamp (10 January 2024), Israeli MK Doubles Down on Call to “Burn” Gaza, Says There Are “No Innocents,” Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2024/01/10/israeli-mk-doubles-down-on-call-to-burn-gaza-says-there-are-no-innocents/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Nua Shpigel, Israeli Lawmakers Say It Out Loud: Mass Migration From Gaza and Jewish Settlement Instead (8 January 2024), archive.is. Available at: https://archive.is/Uz8XM (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Andrew Sanders (11 January 2024), Israeli President Isaac Herzog Says Displacing Palestinians ‘Officially and Unequivocally’ Not Israel’s Goal, Analyzing America. Available at: https://www.analyzingamerica.org/2024/01/738929/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

  • Israel’s Netanyahu says, “No one will stop us; not The Hague, not the axis of evil and not anyone else calling the International Court of Justice (ICJ).”

Mustafa Abu Sneineh, ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 100: Nearly 100,000 Palestinians In Gaza Killed, Injured, Or Missing (14 January 2024).  PopularResistance.Org. Available at: https://popularresistance.org/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-100-nearly-100000-palestinians-killed-injured-or-missing/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Dave DeCamp (10 January 2024), Netanyahu Claims He Has No Intention of Displacing Gaza’s Palestinians, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2024/01/10/netanyahu-claims-he-has-no-intention-of-displacing-gazas-palestinians/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Michael Plitnick (14 January 2024), From The River To The Sea, OK For Me But Not For Thee, Cutting Through. Available at: https://mitchellplitnick.substack.com/p/from-the-river-to-the-sea-ok-for (Accessed: January 18, 2024).

Sam Sokol, Liberman says Israel may have to reoccupy southern Lebanon for 50 years (1 January 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/liberman-demands-lebanon-pay-in-territory-for-attacks-on-israel-calls-for-buffer-zone/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Laurent Guyénot (22 October 2023), Israel’s Biblical PsychopathyThe Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/israels-biblical-psychopathy/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

Jeremy Salt, The First Enemies: On Reading Joshua’s Mandate for Genocide (29 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-first-enemies-on-reading-joshuas-mandate-for-genocide/ (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

Anon., ‘Our Heroic Fighters’ - Ben-Gvir Praises Israelis Who Killed, Wounded 1,000 Palestinians Waiting for Aid (1 March 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-heroic-fighters-ben-gvir-praises-israelis-who-killed-wounded-1000-palestinians-waiting-for-aid/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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Censorship

Ken Klippenstein and Daniel Boguslaw (23 December 2023) Exclusive: Israeli Military Censor Bans Reporting on These 8 Subjects, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/12/23/israel-military-idf-media-censor/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

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Diaspora Jews

Shimon Stein and Moshe Zimmerman, Diaspora Jews are hostages to Israel’s behavior (19 November 2023). Haaretz, reprinted in Jewish Voice for Labour. Available at: https://www.jewishvoiceforlabour.org.uk/article/diaspora-jews-are-hostages-to-israels-behavior/. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

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Ethnic Cleansing

As Lara Friedman, President of the Foundation for Middle East Peace put it, “Hard to see how this is anything other than the Biden Admin giving a green light to an outcome that will amount to direct ethnic cleansing.”

Indeed, it sounds very much like the United States is preparing for a scenario where the people of Gaza, who are already overwhelmingly refugees, will be permanently displaced yet again. And Egypt would be the targeted location.

Mitchell Plitnick (27 October 2023), Plan to force Palestinians to Sinai yet another Biden disasterMondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/plan-to-force-palestinians-to-sinai-yet-another-biden-disaster/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Lina Attala (25 October 2023), The Sinai solution: Reimagining Gaza in the post-Oslo period, Mada Masr. Available at: https://www.madamasr.com/en/2023/10/25/feature/politics/the-sinai-solution-reimagining-gaza-in-the-post-oslo-period/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Jonathan Ofir (23 October 2023), Israeli think tank lays out a blueprint for the complete ethnic cleansing of Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/israeli-think-tank-lays-out-a-blueprint-for-the-complete-ethnic-cleansing-of-gaza/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Klarenberg, K. (24 October 2023) Zionist think tank publishes blueprint for Palestinian genocide - The Grayzone, The Grayzone Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2023/10/24/zionist-think-tank-palestinian-genocide/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023) (evacuation of Gaza to Egypt, ethnic cleansing).

Former Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon has told Al Jazeera that people in Gaza should evacuate their residences and relocate to the Sinai Desert in Egypt, where temporary tent cities could be established for them, amid the ongoing fighting between Israel and Hamas.

Anon., (15 October 2023) When ex-Israeli foreign minister ‘admitted’ to Gaza’s collective punishment. Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/15/palestinians-in-gaza-can-go-to-tent-cities-former-israeli-minister (Accessed: 21 October 2023). (Accord with think tank blueprint, above.)

Jessica Corbett (5 November 2023), Diplomats Tell New York Times Israel Privately Pushed to Expel Gazans to Egypt, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-expel-gazans-to-egypt (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Giora Eiland (12 October 2023), It’s time to rip off the Hamas band-aidynetnews. Ynet News. Available at: https://www.ynetnews.com/article/sju3uabba (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Mouin Rabbani (28 December 2023), The long history of Zionist proposals to ethnically cleanse the Gaza Strip, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/the-long-history-of-zionist-proposals-to-ethnically-cleanse-the-gaza-strip/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

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Hasbara

See also Rape Allegations, Where Are the Women's Rights Organizations?, and Attitude of Israel's Ultra-Right Wing Leaders.

James Zogby (9 February 2009), How Israel’s Propaganda Machine Works, HuffPost. Available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/how-israels-propaganda-ma_b_156767 (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Editorial Team (13 October 2023), How Israel is Using Atrocity Propaganda to Justify Genocide. Misbar. Available at: https://misbar.com/en/editorial/2023/10/13/how-israel-is-using-atrocity-propaganda-to-justify-genocide (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Prem Thakker and Daniel Boguslaw (13 October 2023) FBI Targets Muslims and Palestinians in Wake of Hamas Attack, Civil Rights Advocates Warn, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/10/13/palestinians-muslims-fbi/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Gregor Link (13 October 2023) Berlin teacher hits pupil for supporting fellow student holding Palestinian flag. World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/10/13/cjdr-o13.html?pk_kwd=wsws (Accessed: 16 October 2023).

Abdaljawad Omar (13 October 2023) How and why Israel’s disinformation campaign is enabling its massacre in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/how-and-why-israels-disinformation-campaign-is-enabling-its-massacre-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Michael Chance, et al., (12 October 2023). Israeli official says government cannot confirm babies were beheaded in Hamas attackCNN. Cable News Network. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/12/middleeast/israel-hamas-beheading-claims-intl/index.html (Accessed: 17 October 2023).

Dave Reed (11 October 2023) There is no proof Palestinian fighters ‘beheaded’ babies. The only source is a radical settler.Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/there-is-no-proof-palestinian-fighters-beheaded-babies-the-only-source-is-a-radical-settler/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Jeremy Salt (14 October 2023) Israel’s License to Kill: Genocidal Campaign has Been Unleashed in Gaza., Palestine Chronicle. Available at https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israels-license-to-kill-genocidal-campaign-has-been-unleashed-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Staff (13 October 2023). Hamas: This is Why Israeli Civilians Were Killed in the War. Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hamas-this-is-why-israeli-civilians-were-killed-in-the-war/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Simon Cooper and Dania Akkad (11 October 2023), ‘Beheading babies’: How unverified reports of Hamas killings filled front pages. Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-beheading-babies-how-unverified-reports-hamas-killings-filled-front-pages (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Fact check: Three lies Biden has peddled on the latest Israel-Palestine war (12 October 2023) Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-biden-lies-fighting-hamas-gaza (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Abdaljawad Omar (2023) How and why Israel’s disinformation campaign is enabling its massacre in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/how-and-why-israels-disinformation-campaign-is-enabling-its-massacre-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Elizabeth Doskin, A flood of misinformation shapes views of Israel-Gaza conflict (14 October 2023) The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/10/14/propaganda-misinformation-israel-hamas-war-social-media/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Mike Whitney (13 October 2023) No, Hamas did not behead 40 babies at an Israeli kibbutz last Saturday, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/no-hamas-did-not-behead-40-babies-at-an-israeli-kibbutz-last-saturday/ (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Ahmed Sabry (11 October 2023), Viral Video Does Not Show a Kidnapped Jewish Baby Girl in Gaza. Misbar. Available at: https://misbar.com/en/factcheck/2023/10/11/viral-video-video-does-not-show-a-kidnapped-jewish-baby-girl-in-gaza (Accessed: 15 October 2023).

Liv Martin, et al (17 October 2023), Israel floods social media to shape opinion around the war, POLITICO. Available at: https://www.politico.eu/article/israel-social-media-opinion-hamas-war/ (Accessed: January 16, 2024).

Laura Kelly (4 December 2023), “US official says Hamas trying to hide treatment of women hostages,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/policy/international/4341659-us-official-says-hamas-trying-to-hide-treatment-of-women-hostages/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023). (Sure, and while I was in combat, I was "obsessed" with thoughts of committing rape. Not! Instead, I was obsessed with staying alive while carrying out my missions.)

Barak Ravid (4 December 2023), Hamas may not want to release women to keep them from talking, U.S. official says, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/12/04/hamas-israeli-women-hostages-release (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Shira Rubin (25 November 2023), “Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (4 December 2023), Watch: Debunking Israel’s “mass rape” propaganda, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/watch-debunking-israels-mass-rape-propaganda. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Novara Media (6 December 2023), Israel Attacks UN Women But Refuses Investigation Into Sexual Violence. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4P6zEy8WULE. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Chris Hedges (18 October 2023) Israel’s Culture of Deceit. The Chris Hedges Report. Available at: https://chrishedges.substack.com/p/israels-culture-of-deceit (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Jonathan Cook, Western media’s parroting of official lies is paving way to genocide in Gaza (16 October 2023), Jonathan Cook web site. Available at: https://www.jonathan-cook.net/2023-10-16/media-official-lies-genocide-gaza/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Bill Pan (20 October 2023) Media Under Fire After Perpetuating Hamas Claims on Gaza Hospital Blast, The Epoch Times. Available at: https://www.theepochtimes.com/us/media-under-fire-after-perpetuating-hamas-claims-on-gaza-hospital-blast-5514121. (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Anon. (2023) watch now: Beheaded babies and women found in Kfar Aza. Youtube. i24News English. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKc9ESIEMpw (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Max Blumenthal and Alexander Rubenstein (11 October 2023), Source of dubious ‘beheaded babies’ claim is Israeli settler leader who incited riots to ‘wipe out’ Palestinian village, The Grayzone. Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2023/10/11/beheaded-israeli-babies-settler-wipe-out-palestinian/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Aaron Poris (20 October 2023) Evidence on Display at Israel’s Forensic Pathology Center Confirms Hamas’ Atrocities, The Media Line. Available at: https://themedialine.org/top-stories/evidence-on-display-at-israels-forensic-pathology-center-confirms-hamas-atrocities/ (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Anon., The Israeli President claims Hamas is preparing Chemical Weapons! Sky News (undated, circa 22 October 2023), https://twitter.com/MyLordBebo/status/1716181077339914646 (Accessed: 22 October 2023). (Claims document produced by ISIS *and* al Qaeda; also denies that Israel has cut off water and electricity to Gaza.) Brazenly, he shows dust cover for a book by Ramzy Baroud and passes it off as a captured Hamas document. See https://twitter.com/ShaykhSulaiman/status/1716272624500703549.

Mitchell Plitnick (17 October 2023) Israeli hasbarist celebrating the deaths of at least 500 innocent civilians in the bombing of a hospital, including many children. Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/MJPlitnick/status/1714358750897713353?s=20 (Accessed: 25 October 2023). (Includes screengrab of since-deleted post by Netanyahu hasbarist Hananya Naftali admitting that Israel bombed al Ahli hospital.) See also Ahli Hospital Attack.

Ramzy Baroud (26 October 2023) ‘Human Animals’: The Sordid Language behind Israel’s Genocide in Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/language-of-genocide-in-gaza (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Propaganda & Co.: https://twitter.com/propandco (account devoted to shooting down Israeli hasbara regarding the current Gaza conflict).

Robert Inlakesh and Sharmine Norwani, What really happened on 7th October? (24 October 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/what-really-happened-on-7th-october. (Accessed: 30 October 2023). (Shooting down the claim that Hamas killed 1,400 Israelis on October 7.)

Mark Weber (no date), Joe Biden Acknowledges ‘Immense’ Jewish Role in American Mass Media and Cultural Life. Available at: https://ihr.org/other/biden_jewish_role. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Prina Haruch and Tammy Caner, Israel's Humanitarian Obligations Toward the Civilian Population in Gaza (26 October 2023), Institute for National Security Studies (Israel). Available at: https://www.inss.org.il/publication/israel-duties/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023). (Pseudo-legal analysis does not acknowledge that the International Court of Justice, the UN General Assembly, and the UN Security Council agree that Gaza is in fact Occupied Territory, which guts their entire paper. This gets a failing grade for legal analysis.)

Clayton Fox (30 October 2023) Anatomy of a Blood LibelTablet Magazine. Available at: https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/news/articles/anatomy-of-a-blood-libel. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Geoff Brumfiel, et al, (18 October 2023), Here’s the available evidence of what happened at Al Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza, NPR. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2023/10/18/1206795861/heres-the-available-evidence-of-what-happened-at-al-ahli-arab-hospital-in-gaza. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Anon. (2 November 2023) Hamas is hoarding vast amounts of fuel as Gaza hospitals run low, U.S. officials say. https://www.aol.com/hamas-hoarding-vast-amounts-fuel-014832973.html. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Anna Schecter (13 October 2023), 'Top secret' Hamas documents show that terrorists intentionally targeted elementary schools and a youth center. NBC News, https://archive.ph/ISt0f#selection-1393.0-1393.110. (Accessed 4 November 2023.)

Eitay Mack, Opinion | Israel Is Not Committing Genocide in Gaza (1 November 2023), Haaretz, https://archive.ph/TZsiI#selection-437.0-441.41. (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Jessica Corbett (5 November 2023), Israeli Ambassador Slammed for Claiming ‘There Is No Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza’, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-denies-gaza-humanitarian-crisis. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Mnar Adley (29 October 2023) The Hannibal Directive: What Really Happened On October 7th, scheerpost.com. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/10/29/the-hannibal-directive-what-really-happened-on-october-7th/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Israel's Haaretz newsppaer has produced a list of 1,132 names of Israelis killed on October 7. Western media commonly say that over 1,400 Israelis were killed that day; Haaretz says over 1,300. Either way, both numbers of those claimed to be killed are much larger than the 1,132 listed by Hamas. Are there so many people dead whose bodies have not yet been identified?

Anon., Israel's Dead: The Names of Those Killed in Hamas Attacks, Massacres and the Israel-Hamas War (19 October 2023), Haaretz. Available at: https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-19/ty-article-magazine/israels-dead-the-names-of-those-killed-in-hamas-massacres-and-the-israel-hamas-war/0000018b-325c-d450-a3af-7b5cf0210000. (Accessed 6 November 2023.)

Over 48 per cent of the named people were military or police. These were legitimate targets for Hamas. See Palestinian Right of Armed Struggle. If we assume that those not yet identified whose names belong on the list had a similar percentage of military or police, then even more of those killed were legitimate targets.

Jonathan Cook (6 November 2023), What We’re Not Hearing About Oct 7, Consortium News. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/06/what-we-are-not-hearing-about-oct-7/ (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Ilan Pappe (5 November 2023), Why Israel wants to erase context and history in the war on Gaza, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/11/5/why-israel-wants-to-erase-context-and-history-in-the-war-on-gaza. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Omar Zahzah (13 May 2021), Digital apartheid: Palestinians being silenced on social media, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/5/13/social-media-companies-are-trying-to-silence-palestinian-voices. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Ron Unz (6 November 2023), American Pravda: War Crimes and Atrocity-Hoaxes in the Israel/Gaza Conflict, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/runz/war-crimes-and-atrocity-hoaxes-in-the-israel-gaza-conflict/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Micah Lee (11 November 2023), Anti-Defamation League Maps Jewish Peace Rallies with Antisemitic Attacks, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/11/palestine-israel-protests-ceasefire-antisemitic/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Michael Arria (2023) Columbia University suspends Students for Justice in Palestine and Jewish Voice for Peace, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/columbia-university-suspends-students-for-justice-in-palestine-and-jewish-voice-for-peace/ (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Martha Lincoln (2023), Palestinian children are not “terrorists,” Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/palestinian-children-are-not-terrorists/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Reuters (10 November 2023), “Israel revises Hamas attack death toll to ‘around 1,200.’” Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israel-revises-death-toll-oct-7-hamas-attack-around-1200-2023-11-10/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Alexander Rubinstein (7 November 2023), Leak shows ex-Trump ambassador to Israel threatening NYU over Palestine protests, The Grayzone. Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2023/11/07/leak-trump-ambassador-israel-nyu-palestine-protests/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Nora Barrows-Friedman (10 November 2023), Israel lobby wants to brand antiwar students as “terror supporters,” The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/nora-barrows-friedman/israel-lobby-wants-brand-antiwar-students-terror-supporters. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Laura Adkins (21 October 2023), IDF confirms rape, other “crimes against humanity” in Oct. 7 attack, The Forward. Available at: https://forward.com/fast-forward/566249/israeli-officials-and-civilian-responders-describe-evidence-of-rape-and-other-atrocities-in-hamas-attack/. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Anon. (14 November 2023). IDF shares evidence of Hamas tunnel network under hospital in a video on X. Straight Arrow News. Available at https://www.rrdailyherald.com/news/national/idf-shares-evidence-of-hamas-tunnel-network-under-hospital-in-a-video-on-x/video_e3d625d5-6939-5406-bd7e-4d3a9cce8cea.html. (Accessed November 15, 2023).

Gareth Porter, (15 November 2023), Israeli Deceit & the Battle of Shifa Hospital, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/15/israeli-deceit-the-battle-of-shifa-hospital/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Katie Polglase and Gianluca Mezzofiore (18 November 2023), CNN analysis: Video suggests IDF might have rearranged weaponry at Al-Shifa prior to news crew visits. CNN. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-11-18-23/h_1d70c190adde686e6a2b59e963499e82. (Accessed 18 November 2023).

Michael Horovitz, University fires head of sex assault center who signed letter denying Oct. 7 rapes (19 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/university-fires-head-of-sex-assault-center-who-signed-letter-denying-oct-7-rapes/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Glenn Kessler (22 November 2023), “Biden yet again says Hamas beheaded babies. Has new evidence emerged?” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/22/biden-yet-again-says-hamas-beheaded-babies-has-new-evidence-emerged/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Gareth Porter (23 November 2023), IDF Knew Real Hamas HQ While Lying About al-Shifa, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/23/idf-knew-real-hamas-hq-while-lying-about-al-shifa/. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Chris Hedges (22 November 2023), Chris Hedges: Israel’s War on Hospitals, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/22/chris-hedges-israels-war-on-hospitals/. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Anon. (24 November 2023) “Liar!” Norm Finkelstein DISMANTLES Hillary Israel Spin. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4PckPdApIY. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Jean Shaoul, Israel’s lies about October 7 incursion fall apart (23 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/23/buna-n23.html. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Zhara Bhaiwala, et al (26 November 2023), Harvard is on the wrong side of history, again, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/harvard-is-on-the-wrong-side-of-history-again/. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Ben Burgis, The “Human Shields” Defense of Bombing Gaza’s Civilians Is Morally Bankrupt (20 November 2023), Jacobin.com. Available at: https://jacobin.com/2023/11/human-shields-bombing-gaza-palestine-israel-defense-forces-morally-bankrupt. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Anon. (17 October 2023), Fact Sheet: Israel’s History of Spreading Disinformation, Imeu.org. Available at: https://imeu.org/article/fact-sheet-israels-history-of-spreading-disinformation. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Rep Lieu Condemns Reps Mast and Zinke’s Dehumanization of Palestinian Civilians (6 November 2023), Congressman Ted Lieu. Available at: http://lieu.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/rep-lieu-condemns-reps-mast-and-zinkes-dehumanization-palestinian. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Anon., AMP Condemns Media Complicity in Dehumanization And Misinformation Leading To Multiple Violent Attacks On Palestinian Americans (27 November 2023), American Muslims for Palestine. Available at: https://www.ampalestine.org/media/media-room/statements/amp-condemns-media-complicity-dehumanization-and-misinformation-leading. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Anon. (24 November 2023), Why Elon Musk, accused of antisemitism, is visiting Israel, Firstpost. Available at: https://www.firstpost.com/explainers/why-elon-musk-accused-of-antisemitism-is-visiting-israel-13427332.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Kathryn Shihadah, Israel has lost control of the narrative – October 7 truths coming out (19 November 2023), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/israel-has-lost-control-of-the-narrative-october-7-truths-coming-out-hamas/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Anon. (30 October 2023). Israel’s history of “lying” about airstrikes, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9TwBqDe_I0. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Jonathan Cook (23 October 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Israel is caught lying time and again. And yet we never learn, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-palestine-war-lying-time-again-never-learn/ (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Alison Weir (13 November 2023), What media reports fail to tell you about October 7, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/what-media-reports-fail-to-tell-you-about-october-7/. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Asa Winstanley (31 October 2023), Watch the video about 7 October YouTube doesn’t want you to see, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/asa-winstanley/watch-video-about-7-october-youtube-doesnt-want-you-see. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Rosabel Crean (25 November 2023), Narrative control: Israel forces hostages into media silence, The New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/narrative-control-israel-forces-hostages-media-silence. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Rabea Eghbariah (21 November 2023), “The ‘Harvard Law Review’ Refused to Run This Piece About Genocide in Gaza,” The Nation. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/harvard-law-review-gaza-israel-genocide/. (Accessed: December 2, 2023).

Novara Media (4 December 2023), Israel Ambassador’s Blatant Lie Caught Out On Sky, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD3qYR6aa18. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (4 December 2023), Watch: Debunking Israel’s “mass rape” propaganda, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/watch-debunking-israels-mass-rape-propaganda. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), Israel newspaper "Haaretz" report reveals lies about the Hamas attack, Al Quds. Available at: https://www.alquds.com/en/posts/103003. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon. (16 November 2023), CNN Broadcasts STRAIGHT IDF LIES, Breaking Points. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSxf6OCuwII. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Nir Hasson and Liza Rozovsky, Hamas Committed Documented Atrocities. But a Few False Stories Feed the Deniers (2023) Haaretz. Available at: https://archive.ph/fCj9i (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs (7 December 2023), Hamas stole the future of Gaza. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WudO38z6S6I. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Anon. (3 December 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Israeli personnel gave false information about 7 October attack crimes - report, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-personnel-false-information-7-october-attack. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Caitlin Johnstone (6 December 2023), The Official Story Of October Seventh, Caitlin’s Newsletter. Available at: https://www.caitlinjohnst.one/p/the-official-story-of-october-seventh. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Anon., FREE U.S. – Israel Flag Pin, (no date), International Fellowship of Christians and Jews. Available at: https://help.ifcj.org/survey/81/0 (Accessed: December 8, 2023). Ed. note: Might make a good collectible souvenir reminder of the momentous upheaval in the world caused by brave Hamas that costs this Israeli front organization money. The Pro-Palestine movement might steal this propaganda campaign by making wearing the pins upside down a symbol of Israel's denouement.]

Natalie Ekanow (2023) Hamas officials admit its strategy is to use Palestinian civilians as human shields, FDD. Available at: https://www.fdd.org/analysis/2023/11/01/hamas-officials-admit-its-strategy-is-to-use-palestinian-civilians-as-human-shields/ (Accessed: December 8, 2023). Republished as Natalie Ecanow (2023) “Hamas officials admit its strategy is to use Palestinian civilians as human shields,” New York Post, 1 November. Available at: https://nypost.com/2023/11/01/opinion/hamas-officials-admit-its-strategy-is-to-use-palestinian-civilians-as-human-shields/. (Accessed: December 8, 2023). (The claimed justification for Israeli killing of civilians; Hamas fighters might be hiding behind them.)

Propaganda and Co on X: “Breaking: Journalists in tears after viewing uncensored Oct. 7th footage in Israel" (22 November 2023), Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/propandco/status/1727340114815128037 (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Tyler Durden, UNfortunately Predictable: United Nations Declares UNRWA Terrorism Story “Misinformation” (10 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/unfortunately-predictable-united-nations-declares-unrwa-terrorism-story-misinformation. (Accessed: December 10, 2023).

Kathryn Shihadah, Rumors of war: did hundreds of Hamas fighters surrender to Israeli forces? (2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/rumors-of-war-did-hundreds-of-hamas-fighters-surrender-to-israeli-forces/. (Accessed: December 10, 2023).

Anon. (8 December 2023) Digital Rights Groups Urge Meta to Stop Silencing PalestineScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/08/digital-rights-groups-urge-meta-to-stop-silencing-palestine/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

The Economic Times (11 December 2023), Israel PM Netanyahu warns Hamas: “It’s over, surrender now.” Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Or7IVsSJeOM. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

John Mearsheimer (11 December 2023), Death and Destruction in Gaza, John’s Substack. Available at: https://mearsheimer.substack.com/p/death-and-destruction-in-gaza. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), Piers Morgan CATCHES Israeli Spokesman LYING!  Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbUq-o3zlsE. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Tovah Lazaroff (17 December 2023), Netanyahu lied about backing two-state solution, former US envoy says, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Jeremy Sharon, Pointing to Hamas’s “little state,” Netanyahu touts his role blocking 2-state solution (17 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/pointing-to-hamass-little-state-netanyahu-touts-role-blocking-2-state-solution/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon. (24 December 2023), Israel’s Discovery of Hamas Tunnels Exposes Past Lies, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/24/israels-discovery-of-hamas-tunnels-exposes-past-lies/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Gabriel Black, Billionaires, imperialists, and antisemites: The forces behind the assault on opposition to Gaza genocide (28 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/28/xxni-d28.html (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Luke Galvin and Barry Grey, ACLU protests U of M’s suppression of resolution condemning US/Israel genocide (28 December 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/12/28/fkjn-d28.html (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Phillip Weiss (26 December 2023), The Jewish establishment’s blindness to Palestinian slaughter also hurts U.S. Jews, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/the-jewish-establishments-blindness-to-palestinian-slaughter-also-hurts-u-s-jews/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

IMEU (17 October 2023), Fact Sheet: Israel’s History of Spreading DisinformationImeu.org. Available at: https://imeu.org/article/fact-sheet-israels-history-of-spreading-disinformation (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Democracy Now! (27 December 2023), Who Funds Canary Mission? James Bamford on Group That Doxxes Students & Profs for Palestine Activism, Democracy Now! Available at: https://www.democracynow.org/2023/12/27/canary_mission (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Alan McLeod, ADL Data on Rise of Anti-Semitic Incidents Doesn’t Add Up (10 November 2023), MintPress News. Available at: https://www.mintpressnews.com/adl-data-rise-anti-semitism-doesnt-add-up/286268/ (Accessed: January 3, 2024).

Wyatt Reed (3 January 2024) Washington Post erases Israeli minister’s farfetched October 7 rape claim at his request, The Grayzone. Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2024/01/03/washington-post-erases-israels-request/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

The Short String (3 January 2024), Family of key case in New York Times October 7 sexual violence report renounces story, says reporters manipulated them, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/family-of-key-case-in-new-york-times-october-7-sexual-violence-report-renounces-story-says-reporters-manipulated-them/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Patrick Cockburn (29 July 2014), “The secret report that helps Israel hide facts,” The Independent. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/israelgaza-conflict-the-secret-report-that-helps-israelis-to-hide-facts-9630765.html (Accessed: January 4, 2024). See also Frank Lutz, The Israel Project’s 2009 Global Language Dictionary (no date), Transcend.org. Available at: https://www.transcend.org/tms/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/sf-israel-projects-2009-global-language-dictionary.pdf (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Gareth Porter (6 January 2024), How Israel Leverages Genocide With Hamas ‘Massacres,’ Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/06/how-israel-leverages-genocide-with-hamas-massacres/ (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

The New Arab Staff. (6 January 2024). Chad, DRC, Rwanda deny talks with Israel on Gaza displaced. The New Arab. https://www.newarab.com/news/chad-drc-rwanda-deny-talks-israel-gaza-displaced (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Phillip Weiss (January 7 2024), Weekly Briefing: Claudine Gay was brought down by the Israel lobby, Mondoweiss. https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/weekly-briefing-claudine-gay-was-brought-down-by-the-israel-lobby/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Robert Scheer (4 January 2024), Family of Israeli Woman in N. Y. Times Hamas Rape Report Renounces Story, Says Reporters Manipulated Them. ScheerPost. https://scheerpost.com/2024/01/04/family-of-key-case-in-new-york-times-october-7-sexual-violence-report-renounces-story-says-reporters-manipulated-them/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Anon., War on Gaza: Israeli police having difficulty finding sexual assault victims from 7 October attack, says report. Middle East Eye. Retrieved January 8, 2024, from https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/war-gaza-israeli-police-having-difficulty-finding-sexual-assault-victims-7-october-attack-says

Max Blumenthal (6 December 2023), Scandal-stained Israeli ‘rescue’ group fuels October 7 fabrications, The Grayzone. Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2023/12/06/scandal-israeli-october-7-fabrications/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Robert Scheer (31 December 2023), ZAKA Is Not a Trustworthy Source for Allegations of Sexual Violence on October 7, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/31/zaka-is-not-a-trustworthy-source-for-allegations-of-sexual-violence-on-october-7/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Ron Unz (8 January 2024), American Pravda: Israel and the Holocaust Hoax, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/runz/american-pravda-israel-and-the-holocaust-hoax/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Feeds Writer, What Israeli Forces Are Reportedly Finding in Hamas Stockpiles Will Keep You Up At Night (15 January 2024), Feeds North. Available at: https://feedsnorth.com/what-israeli-forces-are-reportedly-finding-in-hamas-stockpiles-will-keep-you-up-at-night/ (Accessed: January 16, 2024).

Ali Chokeir, Israel’s well-oiled PR machine collapses (11 January 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/israels-well-oiled-pr-machine-collapses (Accessed: January 16, 2024).

William Van Wagenen, How Israeli forces trapped and killed ravers at the Nova Festival (12 January 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/how-israeli-forces-trapped-and-killed-ravers-at-the-nova-festival (Accessed: January 16, 2024). (Important addition to evidence that Israel killed its own citizens on Oct. 7, 2023.)

Kerstein, B. (2024) The West’s lethal error in the war against Israel, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/the-wests-lethal-error-in-the-war-against-israel/ (Accessed: January 18, 2024).

Yousef Ramadan (18 January 2024), In the eyes of the world, Israel has lostThe Daily Star. Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Jonathan Cook (23 October 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Israel is caught lying time and again. And yet we never learn, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/israel-palestine-war-lying-time-again-never-learn (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Al Jazeera English (3 February 2024). Why is Israel targeting key UN agency UNRWA in Gaza?, The Listening Post. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-ZFl1Xhs2A (Accessed: February 7, 2024).

David Isaac (28 February 2024), Investigation explodes myth that Israel targets journalists, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/investigation-explodes-myth-that-israel-targets-journalists/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Anon. (7 February 2024), WATCH: CNN CATCHES IDF Cemetery Atrocity Lie, Breaking Points, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UoNCuwc5eU (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

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Rape Allegations

See also Where Are the Women's Rights Organizations?

Laura Kelly (4 December 2023), “US official says Hamas trying to hide treatment of women hostages,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/policy/international/4341659-us-official-says-hamas-trying-to-hide-treatment-of-women-hostages/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023). (Sure, and while I was in combat, I was obsessed with thoughts of committing rape. Not! Instead, I was obsessed with staying alive while carrying out my missions.)

Barak Ravid (4 December 2023), Hamas may not want to release women to keep them from talking, U.S. official says, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/12/04/hamas-israeli-women-hostages-release (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Shira Rubin (25 November 2023), “Israel investigates an elusive, horrific enemy: Rape as a weapon of war,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/25/israel-hamas-rape-sexual-violence/ (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (4 December 2023), Watch: Debunking Israel’s “mass rape” propaganda, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/watch-debunking-israels-mass-rape-propaganda. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Novara Media (6 December 2023), Israel Attacks UN Women But Refuses Investigation Into Sexual Violence. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4P6zEy8WULE. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Kareena Pannu (8 December 2023), Despite lack of evidence, allegations of Hamas ‘mass rape’ are fueling Israeli genocide in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/despite-lack-of-evidence-allegations-of-hamas-mass-rape-are-fueling-israeli-genocide-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Carrie Keller- Lynn, Amid war and urgent need to ID bodies, evidence of Hamas’s October 7 rapes slips away (9 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/amid-war-and-urgent-need-to-id-bodies-evidence-of-hamass-october-7-rapes-slips-away/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023). ("But in the wake of the unprecedentedly large mass-casualty event, physical evidence of sexual assault was not collected from corpses by Israel’s overtaxed morgue facilities amid their ongoing scramble to identify the people killed, many of whose bodies were mutilated and burned.")

Jake Epstein (20 November 2023), “Sheryl Sandberg says rape should never be a tool of war and the horrors of the Hamas terror attacks can’t be swept under the rug,” Business Insider, 20 November. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/hamas-attacks-horrors-rape-cant-be-war-tool-sheryl-sandberg-2023-11. (Accessed: December 14, 2023). (Statement by prominent Jewish lady.)

Jonathan Cook (18 December 2023), Hamas “mass rape” claim lacks evidence. But it’s being used to justify genocide, Jonathan Cook. Available at: https://jonathancook.substack.com/p/hamas-mass-rape-claim-lacks-evidence (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Jonathan Cook (21 January 2024), Guardian’s ‘Hamas Mass Rape’ Story Doesn’t Add Up, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/21/guardians-hamas-mass-rape-story-doesnt-add-up/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Anon. (20 February 2024), The black dress: Unveiling the truth about rape, sexual assault on October 7. Palestine Chronicle, Youtube. Available at: https:/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiZzuroQbX0 (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

The Grayzone (28 February 2024), More trouble for NY Times after Oct 7 hoax exposed. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFn2wsdR4fA (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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UNWRA

Mitchell Plitnick (3 February 2024), U.S. admits it hasn’t verified Israel’s UNRWA claims, media ignores it, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/02/u-s-admits-it-hasnt-verified-israels-unrwa-claims-media-ignores-it/ (Accessed: February 4, 2024).

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Hospital Attacks

Contents     

    Ahli Hospital
    Al Quds Hospital
    Al Shifa Hospital

Anon., (10 November 2023), Israeli forces strike several Gaza hospitals in one day, Al Jazeera, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoDwgi2PdEg. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Andre Damon, Israel’s war on hospitals and the normalization of war crimes (15 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/16/tltc-n16.html. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Israeli Army Arrests 35 Medical Workers during Ground Invasion in Gaza (2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-army-arrests-35-medical-workers-during-ground-invasion-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

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Ahli Hospital

Mitchell Plitnick (17 October 2023) Israeli hasbarist celebrating the deaths of at least 500 innocent civilians in the bombing of a hospital, including many children. Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/MJPlitnick/status/1714358750897713353?s=20 (Accessed: 25 October 2023). (Includes screengrab of since-deleted post by Netanyahu hasbarist Hananya Naftali admitting that Israel bombed al Ahli hospital.)

Alex Thompson, Who Was behind the Gaza Hospital Blast – Visual Investigation (18 October 2023) Channel 4 News. Available at: https://www.channel4.com/news/who-was-behind-the-gaza-hospital-blast-visual-investigation (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Anon., (19 October 2023) Video investigation: What hit al-Ahli Hospital in Gaza? Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/19/what-hit-ahli-hospital-in-gaza (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

New analyses by the UK-based Forensic Architecture research group and the Earshot audio investigation group have again drawn into question the Israeli military’s account of the mass casualty bombing of Al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City on Tuesday, which killed almost 500 people.

Anon., (19 October 2023). New analyses cast doubt on Israeli version of Al-Ahli Hospital bombing. Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/10/19/israel-hamas-war-live-condemnation-after-israeli-strike-on-gaza-church (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Mitchell Plitnick (2023) Israel Fails To Cover Up Their Latest War Crime In Gaza. Cutting Through. Available at: https://mitchellplitnick.substack.com/p/israel-fails-to-cover-up-their-latest (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (20 October 2023) Investigations reveal discrepancies in Israel’s Gaza hospital attack claims, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/20/what-have-open-source-videos-revealed-about-the-gaza-hospital-explosion (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Allison Weir (21 October 2023) The Israeli strike on Al Ahli Hospital days BEFORE the famous blast, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/the-israeli-strike-on-al-ahli-hospital-days-before-the-famous-blast/ (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Jackson Hinkle (2023) NEW VIDEO PROOF Israel bombed the Gaza Baptist Hospital!, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/jacksonhinklle/status/1714643519837520233 (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Caitlin Johnstone, Mass Media Reporters Aren’t Buying Israel’s Hospital Bombing Story (17 October 2023) Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/caitoz/status/1714496753372954741 (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Yves Smith (18 October 2023) Biden Gets Zelensky Treatment in Middle East as Israel Tries to EscalateNaked Capitalism. Available at: https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2023/10/biden-gets-zelensky-treatment-in-middle-east-as-israel-tries-to-escalate.html. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Larry Johnson (20 October 2023), After Weighing the Evidence, Israel Appears Responsible for the Bombing of the Al-AHLI Hospital, Sonar21.com. Available at: https://sonar21.com/after-weighing-the-evidence-israel-appears-responsible-for-the-bombing-of-the-al-ahli-hospital/>. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Anon. 13 November (2023) “Israeli tanks outside Gaza hospital, Biden hopes for ‘less intrusive’ action,” 12 November. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/largest-gaza-hospital-not-functioning-amid-israeli-assault-2023-11-12/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

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Al Quds Hospital

Anon., Palestinian Red Crescent says Israel asks it to immediately evacuate al-Quds hospital (29 October 2023), Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/palestinian-red-crescent-says-israel-asks-it-immediately-evacuate-al-quds-2023-10-29/ (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023) War on Gaza Live Updates: Israeli Airstrikes injure 21 in Al Quds Hospital, PCRS Ambulance Hit at Al-Shifa Hospital, Egyptian Streets. Available at: https://egyptianstreets.com/2023/11/03/war-on-gaza-live-updates-israeli-airstrikes-injure-21-in-al-quds-hospital-blinken-in-israel/ (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Faruk Imamovic (3 November 2023) Breaking: Al-Quds Hospital Devastated by Airstrikes – 21 Injured in Gaza Terror!, Financial World. Available at: https://www.financial-world.org/news/news/financial/23015/breaking-alquds-hospital-devastated-by-airstrikes-21-injured-in-gaza-terror/ (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

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Al Shifa Hospital

Anon. (3 November 2023), Reports of explosion at Gaza City's largest hospital, ABC News. Available at: https://abcnews.go.com/International/video/reports-explosion-gaza-citys-largest-hospital-104610215 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023) War on Gaza Live Updates: Israeli Airstrikes injure 21 in Al Quds Hospital, PCRS Ambulance Hit at Al-Shifa Hospital, Egyptian Streets. Available at: https://egyptianstreets.com/2023/11/03/war-on-gaza-live-updates-israeli-airstrikes-injure-21-in-al-quds-hospital-blinken-in-israel/ (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon., Reports of explosion at Gaza City's largest hospital. (3 November 2023), ABC News. Available at: https://abcnews.go.com/International/video/reports-explosion-gaza-citys-largest-hospital-104610215 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Mersiha Gadzo (13 November 2023), Israel-Hamas war updates: Snipers targeting those sheltering in al-Shifa, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2023/11/12/israel-gaza-war-live-israeli-army-surrounding-al-quds-hospital. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Anon., 170 Palestinians Buried in Mass Grave at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza (14 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/170-palestinians-buried-in-mass-grave-in-vicinity-of-al-shifa-hospital-in-gaza/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Anon., Israel Destroys Al-Shifa Cardiac Ward as Relentless Bombardment Continues (12 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-destroys-al-shifa-cardiac-ward-as-relentless-bombardment-continues/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Aseel Mousa (12 November 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Doctors forced to flee Al-Shifa hospital to southern Gaza recount “terrifying” journey, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-doctors-leaving-shifa-hospital-south-gaza-terrifying. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Maureen Murphy (15 November 2023), Israel fails to show evidence of Hamas command center at al-Shifa hospital, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/maureen-clare-murphy/israel-fails-show-evidence-hamas-command-center-al-shifa-hospital. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Gareth Porter, (15 November 2023), Israeli Deceit & the Battle of Shifa Hospital, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/15/israeli-deceit-the-battle-of-shifa-hospital/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Israeli Army’s Invasion of Al-Shifa Hospital ‘Totally Unacceptable’ - WHO Director General (15 November 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-armys-invasion-of-al-shifa-hospital-totally-unacceptable-who-director-general/. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Leila Warah (16 November 2023) ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 41: Israel ignores legally binding UNSC resolution, saying ‘it will not happen.,’ Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-41-israel-ignores-legally-binding-unsc-resolution-saying-it-will-not-happen/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Julia Conley (17 November 2023), Probe Demanded Over “Absurd” Israeli Narrative About Gaza’s Al-Shifa Hospital, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israeli-claims-al-shifa. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Anon. (19 November 2023), Biden Admin Justifies Israel’s Assault on Gaza Hospitals With Recycled Israeli ‘Intelligence,’ scheerpost.com. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/11/19/biden-admin-justifies-israels-assault-on-gaza-hospitals-with-recycled-israeli-intelligence/. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Louisa Loveluck and Meg Kelly, (15 November 2023) “How Israel built its case to raid Gaza’s al-Shifa Hospital,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/15/israel-gaza-al-shifa-hospital-raid-case/?itid=lk_inline_manual_15 (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Louisa Loveluck, et al (21 December 2023), “The case of al-Shifa: Investigating the assault on Gaza’s largest hospital.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/21/al-shifa-hospital-gaza-hamas-israel/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023). (Devastating to Israeli position.)

Gareth Porter (1 December 2023), Peddling Propaganda About al-Shifa, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/01/peddling-propaganda-about-al-shifa/ (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

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Intelligence Failure

Daniel Byman (10 October 2023) An Intelligence Failure in Israel, but What Kind?, Lawfare, Available at: https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/an-intelligence-failure-in-israel-but-what-kind/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Colin Parke (14 October 2023), Israel’s intelligence blunder on Gaza: Misreading Hamas abilities, intentions, Al Monitor, Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/israels-intelligence-blunder-gaza-misreading-hamas-abilities-intentions/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

James Bamford (2 November 2023), Why Israel Slept, The Nation. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/world/israel-gaza-intelligence-cyber-shield/ (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Ronen Bergman Adam Goldman (30 November 2023), “Israel Knew Hamas’s Attack Plan More Than a Year Ago,” The New York Times, 1 December. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/30/world/middleeast/israel-hamas-attack-intelligence.html. (Accessed: December 2, 2023).

Mark Mazzetti and Ronen Bergman (2023), “‘Buying Quiet’: Inside the Israeli Plan That Propped Up Hamas,” The New York Times, 10 December. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231210081045/www.nytimes.com/2023/12/10/world/middleeast/israel-qatar-money-prop-up-hamas.html. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Ronen Bergman and Adam Goldman (30 November 2023), “Israel Knew Hamas’s Attack Plan More Than a Year Ago,” The New York Times. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231220021623/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/30/world/middleeast/israel-hamas-attack-intelligence.html (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Anon., NY Times: Where Was the Israeli Military on October 7th? (2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/ny-times-where-was-the-israeli-military-on-october-7th/ (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

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Israel Economy

Anon., The Other War: Israel is Facing Financial Ruin - SPECIAL REPORT (23 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-other-war-israel-is-facing-financial-ruin/. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

John Spritzler (27 November 2023), Israel’s Government Attacks Ordinary Jews as Well as Palestinians, CovertAction Magazine. Available at: https://covertactionmagazine.com/2023/11/27/israels-government-attacks-ordinary-jews-as-well-as-palestinians/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon., Mass Layoffs at Ben Gurion - Israel’s Economic Crisis Deepens (18 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/mass-layoffs-at-ben-gurion-israels-economic-crisis-deepens/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Israel’s Eilat Port Sees 85% Drop In Activity As Mediterranean Imports Also Take Hit (23 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israels-eilat-port-sees-85-drop-activity-mediterranean-imports-also-take-hit (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., The Future is Bleak - Moody’s Downgrades Israel’s Economy (10 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-future-is-bleak-moodys-downgrades-israels-economy/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Anon. (15 January 2024), Israeli tourism remains in state of collapse amid war, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/israeli-tourism-remains-in-state-of-collapse-amid-war/ (Accessed: February 15, 2024).

Anon. (19 February 2024), Israeli economy contracts by nearly 20% in Q4 2023, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/israeli-economy-contracts-by-19-4-in-q4-2023/ (Accessed: February 19, 2024).

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Israeli Attacks on Israelis

Ali Abunimah (11 November 2023) “Shoot at everything”: How Israeli pilots killed their own civilians, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/shoot-everything-how-israeli-pilots-killed-their-own-civilians. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (16 October 2023) Israeli forces shot their own civilians, kibbutz survivor says, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/israeli-forces-shot-their-own-civilians-kibbutz-survivor-says/38861 (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Anon. (22 October 2023), A growing number of reports indicate Israeli forces responsible for Israeli civilian and military deaths, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/a-growing-number-of-reports-indicate-israeli-forces-responsible-for-israeli-civilian-and-military-deaths-following-october-7-attack/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Max Blumenthal (27 October 2023), October 7 testimonies reveal Israel’s military ‘shelling’ Israeli citizens with tanks, missiles, The Grayzone. Available at: https://thegrayzone.com/2023/10/27/israels-military-shelled-burning-tanks-helicopters/ (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

Ali Abunimah (11 November 2023), “Shoot at everything”: How Israeli pilots killed their own civilians, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/shoot-everything-how-israeli-pilots-killed-their-own-civilians. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Helicopter Footage Sparks Debate Over Israeli Friendly Fire Incidents, (9 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/does-helicopter-footage-show-large-scale-israeli-friendly-fire-incidents. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Anon. (9 November 2023) Hilarious? You Decide: Israeli Apache helicopters killed Zionist Squatters, Drugged Jewish Partiers and Fellow IDF Gunmen with Toxic Depleted Uranium Ammo. The Intel Drop. Available at: https://www.theinteldrop.org/2023/11/09/hilarious-you-decide-israeli-apache-helicopters-killed-zionist-squatters-drugged-jewish-partiers-and-fellow-idf-gunmen-with-toxic-depleted-uranium-ammo/. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (17 November 2023), Israel admits burning hundreds of people on 7 October, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/israel-admits-burning-hundreds-people-7-october. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Anon., Not Hamas, but Israeli Military Killed Civilians at Nova Music Festival - Media Reports (18 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/not-hamas-but-israeli-military-killed-civilians-at-nova-music-festival-media-reports/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Anon. (2023) What Really Happened in Israel on Oct. 7? w/ Max Blumenthal, scheerpost.com. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/11/17/what-really-happened-in-israel-on-oct-7-w-max-blumenthal/. (Accessed: November 20, 2023).

Anon. (28 November 2023), Israeli Tank Gunners Were Ordered To Open Indiscriminate Fire In Kibbutz, South Front. Available at: https://southfront.press/israeli-tank-gunners-were-ordered-to-open-indiscriminate-fire-into-kibbutz/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Ali Abunimah (25 November 2023), Israeli child “burned completely” by Israeli tank fire at kibbutz, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/israeli-child-burned-completely-israeli-tank-fire-kibbutz/41706. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

“William Scott Ritter Jr. former United States Marine Corps intelligence officer: ‘HAMAS attack 7 oct was not a terror attack, It was a successful military raid,’ (12 November 2023). Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/the_amanur/status/1723972945700434196. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Anon., Israel implemented “mass Hannibal” directive on 7 October: Israeli pilot (20 November 2023)m The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles-id/13145. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon., Israeli drone pilots targeted own settlements, bases, civilians on 7 October: Report (30 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/israeli-drone-pilots-targeted-own-settlements-bases-civilians-on-7-october-report. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Asa Winstanley (5 December 2023), We blew up Israeli houses on 7 October, says Israeli colonel, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/asa-winstanley/we-blew-israeli-houses-7-october-says-israeli-colonel. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Asa Winstanley (12 December 2023). Israel admits to “immense” amount of “friendly fire” on 7 October, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/asa-winstanley/israel-admits-immense-amount-friendly-fire-7-october (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Anon. (2023), Israel admits to “immense” amount of “friendly fire” on 7 October, The Electronic Intifada, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDk1TsQWmLo (Accessed: December 22, 2023).

Ali Abunimah and David Sheen (27 December 2023) Israeli general killed Israelis on 7 October then lied about it, Struggle-la-lucha.org. Available at: https://www.struggle-la-lucha.org/2023/12/27/israeli-general-killed-israelis-on-7-october-then-lied-about-it/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

 Josh Breiner and Bar Peleg, Israeli Nova Partygoer Was Misidentified as Hamas Terrorist on October 7 and Killed by Israeli Forces (22 February 2024), archive.is. Available at: https://archive.is/crrxP (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

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Israeli Brutality

See also Ahli Hospital Attack.

The next day after the Hamas attack, on October 8, 2023, Israel declared war on Hamas. Gold, H., et al, (8 October 2023) Israel Formally Declares War against Hamas as It Battles to Push Militants off Its Soil, Cable News Network. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/08/middleeast/israel-gaza-attack-hostages-response-intl-hnk/index.html (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Anon. (9 October 2023), Israel announces ‘total’ blockade on Gaza, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/9/israel-announces-total-blockade-on-gaza. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Kathryn Shihadah (22 October 2023) It’s not just Gaza – Israel is also killing scores in the West Bank, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/its-not-just-gaza-israel-is-also-killing-scores-in-the-west-bank/ (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Julia Conley (23 October 2023) Israel Ramps Up Assault on West Bank With Airstrike on Mosque, Deadly Raids, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/west-bank-violence (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Tamara Nassar (22 October 2023) Israel cuts off water and electricity to Palestinian prisoners, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/tamara-nassar/israel-cuts-water-and-electricity-palestinian-prisoners (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Netanyahu has appointed a retired general, Gal Hirsch, as Israel's coordinator on the hostages and missing persons. His public comments so far have been uncompromising.

"Our war machine is moving. Do not ask us to stop," he told a gathering of European ambassadors last week in an angry address where [he] accused Western governments of holding Israel back in past confrontations with Hamas.

"This is a wake up call for you. We woke up completely thank God. There will be an unimaginable response. Believe me. We have only (just) started the war," he said.

Emily Rose and Crispian Balmer (23 October 2023) Hostage families face appalling dilemma as Gaza invasion looms, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/hostage-families-face-appalling-dilemma-gaza-invasion-looms-2023-10-23/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).
  
Shabtai said 527 such squads have been created since October 7, and the number keeps growing.

A total of 40,000 firearms are to be distributed among the squads, according to Reuters. The deputy director of Ben-Gvir’s ministry, “Eliezer Rosenbaum, told lawmakers that 20,000 firearms had been ordered for distribution to such squads, with another 20,000 to follow.”

The volunteers will also have a uniform, jackets, helmets and more.

Anon., Return of the Militias: Why Is Israel Arming Its Citizens? (23 October 2023.) Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/return-to-militias-why-is-israel-arming-its-citizens-video/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023) (Israeli arming of settlers).

Jonathan Yerushalmy, Crisis in Gaza: why food, water and power are running out (17 October 2023) Guardian The. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/17/crisis-gaza-why-food-water-power-running-out (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Bett Wilkins (31 October 2023), “Abu Ghraib 2.0”: IDF Torture Videos Spark Renewed Calls to End US Military Aid to IsraelCommon Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israeli-torture (Accessed: February 23, 2024).

Michelle Nichols (24 October 2023) Israel’s military tells UN in Gaza: ask Hamas for fuelReuters. Thomson Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/un-says-no-aid-trucks-enter-gaza-tuesday-2023-10-24/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Anon. (25 October 2023), At least 24 journalists, majority Palestinians, killed in Israel-Hamas war, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/least-24-journalists-majority-palestinians-killed-israel-hamas-war#ixzz8HBZNLPzs (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Anon. (28 October 2023) ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 22: Total blackout in Gaza as Israel cuts off all communications, carries out most brutal attacks since October 7, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-22-total-blackout-in-gaza-as-israel-cuts-off-all-communications-carries-out-most-brutal-attacks-since-october-7/. (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

Abdallah Aljamal (29 October 2023), Gaza: What Happened during the Israeli-Imposed Internet Blackout. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-what-happened-during-the-israeli-imposed-internet-blackout/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., (26 October 2023) Satellite images reveal the extent of destruction in Gaza from retaliatory Israeli strikes. DW News. Available at: https://twitter.com/dwnews/status/1717622698333847904 (Accessed: 30 October 2023) (several before and after satellite photos).

Alex Kasprak (13 October 2023), Do Photos and Video Confirm Israel Used White Phosphorus Munitions Over Gaza Seaport?, Snopes. Available at: https://www.snopes.com/news/2023/10/13/idf-white-phosphorus-oct-2023/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (1 November 2023), ‘You decided to still drop a bomb’: Wolf presses IDF spokesman on Israeli airstrike on refugee camp, CNN. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyqFFsRifFM (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Jake Johnson (1 November 2023) ‘A Clear-Cut War Crime’: Outrage Grows as Israel Again Bombs Gaza Refugee Camp, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/gaza-refugee-camp. (Accessed: 1 November 2023).

Brett Wilkins (31 October 2023), ‘Abu Ghraib 2.0’: IDF Torture Videos Spark Renewed Calls to End US Military Aid to Israel, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israeli-torture. (Accessed: 1 November 2023).

Jonathan Ofir (31 October 2023), Israeli rabbis tell Netanyahu that Israel has a right to bomb Al-Shifa hospital in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/israeli-rabbis-tell-netanyahu-that-israel-has-a-right-to-bomb-al-shifa-hospital-in-gaza/. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Anon. (2023), The Letter that Outraged Us: The Physicians’ Letter Calling for the Destruction of Shifa Hospital in Gaza, Physicians for Social Responsibility. Available at: https://www.phr.org.il/en/physicians-call-eng/ (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Palestine Info Center (2 November 2023) Occupation aircraft target an UNRWA school in the Beach Camp with internationally banned white phosphorus, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/palinfoen/status/1719976207838822588 (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Loveday Morris and Hazem Balousha (3 November 2023), Gazans working in Israel sent back to embattled Strip, Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/03/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-palestine/. (Accessed 3 November 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023). 'Protect Palestinian citizens': U.S. Secretary of State Blinken holds press conference. Available at: https://www.13wmaz.com/video/news/nation-world/protect-palestinian-citizens-us-secretary-of-state-blinken-holds-press-conference/93-f5eda253-b80f-40d1-bca2-9f63e19fa012 (Accessed: 4 November 2023). ("More than 9,000 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza so far").

On Saturday, October 5, 2023, at precisely 6:00 am Palestine time, the governing body of Gaza, State of Palestine, launched an attack on Israeli troops, named Operation Al Aqsa Flood. ("Al Aqsa" is taken after the famous mosque by that name, located in Jerusalem.

“This is the day of the greatest battle to end the last occupation and the last apartheid regime of earth,” the Hamas military commander, Mohammed Deif, has declared.


John Helmer, Race War against the Palestinians Turns into War of the Worlds – Will the US and Russian Navies Engage off Gaza & Other Questions (no date) Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/race-war-against-the-palestinians-turns-into-war-of-the-worlds-will-the-us-and-russian-navies-engage-off-gaza-other-questions/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Statement after statement, starting with that of Al-Qassam Brigades' top commander Mohammed Deif—followed by Ismail Haniyeh, head of Hamas's political bureau, and later Ziad al-Nakhla of the Islamic Jihad—showed that the Palestinian demands are both clear and precise: freeing all prisoners, respecting the sanctity of Palestinian holy sites in Jerusalem, ending the siege on Gaza, and more.

Ramzy Baroud, (October 10, 2023) Netanyahu Has Already Lost the Gaza War, But Will He Concede?, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/netanyahu-has-lost-gaza-war (Accessed: 11 October 2023).

Nitish Verma, (13 October 2023) Prominent Hamas Figure Saleh Al-Arouri Advocates for Religious Pluralism and Coexistence, BNN Breaking. Available at: https://bnn.network/world/us/prominent-hamas-figure-saleh-al-arouri-advocates-for-religious-pluralism-and-coexistence/ (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Reuters (25 October 2023) Gaza families wear ID bracelets to avoid burial in mass graves, The Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/gaza-families-wear-id-bracelets-avoid-burial-mass-graves-726682 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Anon., (28 October 2023). ‘Be Confident, Our People’ – This is What Abu Obeida Said in Latest Statement. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/be-confident-our-people-this-is-what-abu-obeida-said-in-latest-statement/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon. (29 October 2023), Hamas Leader: Start Preparing Lists of All Israeli Prisoners in Gaza. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hamas-leader-start-preparing-lists-of-all-israeli-prisoners-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon., Hamas holds strong in Gaza despite army’s best efforts: Israeli media (2 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/hamas-holds-strong-in-gaza-despite-armys-best-efforts-israeli-media. (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Benoit Faucon (3 November 2023), Hamas Has Deadlier Weapons Than the Last Time Israel Invaded Gaza. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/hamas-has-deadlier-weapons-than-the-last-time-israel-invaded-gaza/ar-AA1jmyVZ?cvid=44a9f55b74ab450fa5a7eb30ee21e329&ei=107 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023), Israeli air strike on ambulances kills 15, injures 60, Gaza officials say, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/3/several-killled-in-israeli-attack-on-ambulance-convoy-gaza-health-ministry (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Jeremy Appel (1 November 2023), Israeli rabbi describes settler rampages across West Bank before and after Oct. 7. The Orchard. Available at: https://www.readtheorchard.org/p/israeli-rabbi-describes-settler-rampages (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon., Israel-Hamas war: ‘At least 15 people killed’ in Israeli airstrike on ambulance convoy in Gaza (4 November 2023) Sky News, YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AU9XJvUWqUo. (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon. (4 November 2023), Israel announces 3-hour Gaza highway clearance for evacuees on Saturday, L’Orient Today. Available at: https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1356166/israel-announces-3-hour-gaza-highway-clearance-for-evacuees-on-saturday.html. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Anon., ‘Nuke Gaza’ comment from Israeli minister raises eyebrows in Moscow (7 November 2023) The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/nuke-gaza-comment-from-israeli-minister-raises-eyebrows-in-moscow. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Jordan Shilton, G7 members threaten Iran with regional war amid ongoing Israeli slaughter in Gaza (8 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/09/ospq-n09.html (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Julia Conley (8 November 2023) Doctors in Gaza Respond, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/08/doctors-in-gaza-respond/. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Anon., Adalah, Hadash, and Maki Petition the Supreme Court Against Police Ban on Palestinian Political  Protests During the War (7 November 2023), Adalah.org. Available at: https://www.adalah.org/en/content/view/10948. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Fayha' Shalash (31 October 2023), Exploiting Gaza war, settlers ramp up West Bank attacks, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/exploiting-gaza-war-settlers-ramp-west-bank-attacks/39366. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Despite the fulminations of Western media outlets, since early 2022 only about 550 children have been killed in Ukraine, while after just a few weeks the total in Gaza has passed 4,000.

Ron Unz (6 November 2023), American Pravda: War Crimes and Atrocity-Hoaxes in the Israel/Gaza Conflict, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/runz/war-crimes-and-atrocity-hoaxes-in-the-israel-gaza-conflict/. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Yoab Haifawi (15 November 2023). Reports of harsh conditions and abuse in Israeli security prisons where Palestinians are being held for social, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/reports-of-harsh-conditions-and-abuse-in-israeli-security-prisons-where-palestinians-are-being-held-for-social-media-posts/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Alex Lantier, At least 80 dead as Israel bombs UN schools in Gaza (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/rqtm-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Israel arrests hospital director: A spokesperson for the Health Ministry in Gaza says Abu Salmiya, the director of al-Shifa Hospital, was en route from the northern Gaza Strip to the south with other medics when he and other doctors were arrested by Israeli forces. A Palestinian spokesperson said Gaza’s Health Ministry has decided to stop coordination with the World Health Organization in evacuating wounded people and medical staff.

November 23: Today’s news on Palestine & Israel – Day 48 (23 November 2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/november-23-todays-news-on-palestine-israel-day-48/. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Palestine News Network (PNN) (25 November 2023), Palestinian Children In Gaza & West Bank Face Genocidal War by Israel: Report Say, Available at: https://english.pnn.ps/news/46600. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Anon., Israel is Planning Global Assassination Campaign - Wall Street Journal (1 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-is-planning-global-assassination-campaign-wall-street-journal/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Arafat Barbakh and Mohammed Salem (1701) Israel orders more Gazans to flee, bombs areas where it sends them, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/video/watch/idRW320104122023RP1. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Urooba Jamal (20 November 2023), Why does Israel target Palestinian hospitals? Psyops, say analysts, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2023/11/20/why-does-israel-target-palestinian-hospitals-psyops-say-analysts. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

The Rational National (13 November 2023), Israel Spokesman Stuns CNN’s Wolf Blitzer With Brutal Admission. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RihPfMEBluI. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Haaretz (10 December 2023), Israeli army kills Hamas commander in Gaza; Syria: Israel struck near Damascus, Haaretz.com. Available at: https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-12-10/ty-article-live/israels-ground-offensive-in-gaza-deepens-as-arab-eu-leaders-push-for-a-cease-fire/0000018c-5187-df2f-adac-ffaf03700000. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Haaretz (2023) Israeli army kills Hamas commander in Gaza; Syria: Israel struck near DamascusHaaretz.com. Available at: https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-12-10/ty-article-live/israels-ground-offensive-in-gaza-deepens-as-arab-eu-leaders-push-for-a-cease-fire/0000018c-5187-df2f-adac-ffaf03700000 (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Dan Gooding (11 December 2023), Israel Estimates 10% of Detained Gazans Are Hamas Affiliated: Report, The Messenger. Available at: https://themessenger.com/news/ten-percent-detained-gazans-linked-hamas-israeli-officials-claim. (Accessed: December 13, 2023) (But did they get their clothes back?)

The Washington Post (13 December 2023), “Images of stripped and humiliated Palestinians draw condemnation.” Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/13/gaza-palestinian-detainee-photos-israel/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Cara Tabachnick, et al (16 December 2023), Hostages were carrying white flag on a stick when Israeli troops mistakenly shot them dead in Gaza, IDF says, CBS News. Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/3-hostages-in-gaza-killed-by-friendly-fire-israeli-military-says/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023). (As though killing even the enemy that waves a white flag were lawful.)

Anon., Israel Subjects Female Gaza Prisoners to ‘Torture and Abuse’ – Rights Group (18 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-subjects-female-gaza-prisoners-to-torture-and-abuse-rights-group/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon., Israel Uses Starvation of Civilians as a Weapon of War in Gaza - HRW (18 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-uses-starvation-of-civilians-as-a-weapon-of-war-in-gaza-hrw/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

The Palestine Chronicle on X, Al-Jazeera Correspondent Imad Zaqout: Israeli occupation forces buried dozens of patients and displaced people alive (16 December 2023), Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/PalestineChron/status/1736056832160886968 (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (18 December 2023), People ‘buried alive’ outside Gaza hospital during Israeli raid, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/program/newsfeed/2023/12/18/people-buried-alive-during-israeli-raid-on-gaza-hospital (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. “North American Medical Doctors press conference: a first hand witness of GazaMassacre #StopGazaGenocide #StopArmingIsrael, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/Taysirbalbisi/status/1736068602682294299 (December 21, 2023).

Jake Johnson (21 December 2023), Oxfam Says Biden Shares Blame for Mass Starvation in Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-starvation-gaza (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Jessica Corbett (20 December 2023), UN Office Details Alleged IDF “Summary Killing” of Gaza Men in Front of Families, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/idf-war-crimes (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Leila Warah (27 December 2023) ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 82: Israel accused of harvesting organs from dead Gazans, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-82-israel-accused-of-harvesting-organs-from-dead-gazans/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Anon. (27 December 2023), Israel “stealing organs from dead bodies in Gaza”: officials, The New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/israel-stealing-organs-dead-bodies-gaza-officials (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Max Blumenthal (28 December 2023), What is wrong with Israelis? The Grayzone. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4vKuB1su43c (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Anon., ‘Israeli Civilians Brought to Film Nude Torture’ – Detainees Told Euro-Med Monitor (13 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-civilians-brought-to-film-nude-torture-detainees-told-euro-med-monitor/

Brett Wilkins (14 February 2024), Israel Jails Palestinian Human Rights Lawyer Diala Ayesh Without Charge, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/diala-ayesh (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon. (6 February 2024), Unauthorized Telegram Channel “72 Virgins - Uncensored” ran by IDF, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/ (Accessed: February 17, 2024).

Anon. (12 February 2024), “They brought Israeli civilians to watch our nude torture”: IDF torture of Palestinian prisoners is turned into entertainment for Israeli viewers, Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor. Available at: https://euromedmonitor.org/en/article/6153 (Accessed: February 23, 2024).

Anon. (7 February 2024), WATCH: CNN CATCHES IDF Cemetery Atrocity Lie, Breaking Points, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5UoNCuwc5eU (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Lazar Berman, Netanyahu: We’re allowing ‘minimum’ amount of aid necessary in order to prevent Gaza humanitarian crisis (no date) Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/netanyahu-were-allowing-minimum-amount-of-aid-necessary-in-order-to-prevent-gaza-humanitarian-crisis/ (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

Anon., Netanyahu: We’re allowing ‘minimum’ amount of aid necessary in order to prevent Gaza humanitarian crisis (18 January 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/netanyahu-were-allowing-minimum-amount-of-aid-necessary-in-order-to-prevent-gaza-humanitarian-crisis/ (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

Anon., Gaza: Worst famine fears realised as 10th child reportedly ‘starves to death’ (1 March 2024), UN News. Available at: https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/03/1147112 (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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Israeli Military Strategy

The Dahiya doctrine, or Dahya doctrine, is a military strategy of asymmetric warfare, outlined by former Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Chief of General Staff Gadi Eizenkot, which encompasses the destruction of the civilian infrastructure of regimes deemed to be hostile as a measure calculated to deny combatants the use of that infrastructure and endorses the employment of "disproportionate force" to secure that end.

Anon., Dahiya Doctrine (undated) Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahiya_doctrine (Accessed: 25 October 2023) (footnotes omitted); see also id., Asymmetric Warfare, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asymmetric_warfare.

With an outbreak of hostilities, the IDF will need to act immediately, decisively, and with force that is disproportionate to the enemy's actions and the threat it poses. Such a response aims at inflicting damage and meting out punishment to an extent that will demand long and expensive reconstruction processes. The strike must be carried out as quickly as possible, and must prioritize damaging assets over seeking out each and every launcher.

Gabi Siboni, Disproportionate Force: Israel's Concept of Response in Light of the Second Lebanon War (2 October 200iNo date) inss.org.il. Available at: https://www.inss.org.il/publication/disproportionate-force-israels-concept-of-response-in-light-of-the-second-lebanon-war/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Israeli President Isaac Herzog said Palestinian civilians in Gaza were “responsible” for the Saturday attack by Hamas.

“It is an entire nation out there that is responsible. It’s not true this rhetoric about civilians [being] not aware, not involved. It’s absolutely not true,” Herzog said Friday. “They could have risen up, they could have fought against that evil regime which took over Gaza in a coup d’état.”

Matt Keeley (13 October 2023) Israeli president says ’entire nation' of Palestine ‘responsible’ for Hamas attacks, Alternet.org. Available at: https://www.alternet.org/send/hamas-israel/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023) (partial rationale for applying Dahiya Doctrine).

Anon., (13 October 2023) Israeli military order civilians to evacuate north Gaza, prompting fears of ground offensive, Arabnews. Available at: https://www.arabnews.com/node/2390491/middle-east (Accessed: 26 October 2023). (Partial rationale for application of Dahiya Doctrine.)

Israel security specialists see indications that the [Dahiya] policy is being employed in the ongoing aerial bombardments in Gaza.

IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari said on Monday morning “the emphasis is on damage and not on accuracy”, following reports of heavy civilian casualties in the strip.

Asked if Israel is now using the doctrine in Gaza, Yoni Ben Menachem, a security analyst with close ties to the Israeli military, said “definitely”. But he added that this was “psychological warfare… to scare civilians away from Hamas targets.”

Dr Daniel Byman, a scholar of the conflict at the Centre for International and Strategic Studies and advisor to the US State Department, said “the general concept that Israel will inflict considerable damage and destruction in order to restore deterrence does apply”.

Legal scholars have criticised the doctrine. A 2009 UN report accused the IDF of employing it in a war in Gaza the same year and found that bombing buildings including local government offices and a prison “constituted deliberate attacks on civilian objects in violation of the rule of customary international humanitarian law (IHL) whereby attacks must be strictly limited to military objectives.”

IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari said on Monday morning “the emphasis is on damage and not on accuracy”, following reports of heavy civilian casualties in the strip.

Asked if Israel is now using the doctrine in Gaza, Yoni Ben Menachem, a security analyst with close ties to the Israeli military, said “definitely”. …

Monks, K. (10 October 2023) The controversial military doctrines Israel could already be using in Gaza, inews.co.uk. Available at: https://inews.co.uk/news/world/dahiya-doctrine-hannibal-directive-israel-controversial-military-practices-2677233 (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Anon. (7 December 2012) The Dahiya Doctrine and Israel’s Use of Disproportionate Force, IMEU. Available at: https://imeu.org/article/the-dahiya-doctrine-and-israels-use-of-disproportionate-force. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

S. Adams (30 October 2023) Israel Issues Ultimatum to IranCivil Deadline. Available at: https://civildeadline.com/israel-issues-ultimatum-to-iran/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Anon. (1 November 2023), Text Translation: The Israeli plan for the ethnic cleansing of Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/text-translation-the-israeli-plan-for-the-ethnic-cleansing-of-gaza/. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Palestine Info Center (2 November 2023) Occupation aircraft target an UNRWA school in the Beach Camp with internationally banned white phosphorus, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/palinfoen/status/1719976207838822588 (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

M. K. Bhadrakumar, (7 November 2023), US, Israel to open second front in Lebanon, Indian Punchline. Available at: https://www.indianpunchline.com/us-israel-to-open-second-front-in-lebanon/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Brian Williams (4 November 2023), Hamas-Israel War: The Tunnel War Begins, RealClearDefense. Available at: https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2023/11/04/hamas-israel_war_the_tunnel_war_begins_990588.html. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Paul Adams (24 November 2023) “When this truce ends, the decisive next phase of war begins,” BBC, 25 November. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67518819. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Mia Jankowicz (9 October 2023), “Israel announces ‘complete siege’ of Gaza, cutting its electricity, food, water, and fuel,” Business Insider, 9 October. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/israel-gallant-announces-complete-siege-gaza-no-electricity-food-fuel-2023-10. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Andre Damon, “Slow death”: Israel weaponizes disease in the Gaza genocide (28 November 2023) World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/29/ghyt-n29.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Kyle Anzalone, Israeli AI “Assassination Factory” Plays Central Role In Gaza War (2 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israeli-ai-assassination-factory-plays-central-role-gaza-war. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Yuval Abraham (30 November 2023) ‘A mass assassination factory’: Inside Israel’s calculated bombing of Gaza, +972 Magazine. Available at: https://www.972mag.com/mass-assassination-factory-israel-calculated-bombing-gaza/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Natasha Bertrand, et al. (5 December 2023), US officials think Gaza ground operation could end by January as Biden admin privately warns Israel about its tactics, CNN. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/us-officials-think-gaza-ground-operation-could-end-by-january-as-biden-admin-privately-warns-israel-about-its-tactics/ar-AA1l3efW. (Accessed: December 6, 2023). See also Ben Caspit, Growing US-Israel rift over Gaza war timeline: will Netanyahu budge? (5 December 2023), Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/12/growing-us-israel-rift-over-gaza-war-timeline-will-netanyahu-budge. (Accessed: December 6, 2023) ("The gap between us and the Americans is around three weeks to a month — nothing that cannot be resolved,” a highly placed Israeli diplomatic source told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity").

Anon. (2023) Israel announces new total communications cut for Gaza Strip. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x00t-PfGtyQ (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Yuval Abruaham (30 November 2023) ‘A mass assassination factory’: Inside Israel’s calculated bombing of Gaza, +972 Magazine. Available at: https://www.972mag.com/mass-assassination-factory-israel-calculated-bombing-gaza/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon., Israel Has Just Begun Flooding Gaza Tunnels - What It Means (2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-has-just-begun-flooding-gaza-tunnels-what-it-means/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

The New Arab Staff (12 December 2023), Israel mulling attack on PA in West Bank, Netanyahu says, The New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/israel-mulling-attack-pa-west-bank-netanyahu-says. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon. (12 December 2023), Israel mulling attack on PA in West Bank, Netanyahu says, The New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/israel-mulling-attack-pa-west-bank-netanyahu-says. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Israel is Planning to Invade Lebanon - The Times, Newsweek (2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-is-planning-to-invade-lebanon-the-times-newsweek/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon., Israel Uses Starvation of Civilians as a Weapon of War in Gaza - HRW (18 December 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-uses-starvation-of-civilians-as-a-weapon-of-war-in-gaza-hrw/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Akiva Van Koningsveld (15 January 2024), Gallant: Intense combat ends in northern Gaza, south to follow ‘soon,’ JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/the-36th-armored-division-leaves-gaza-after-80-days-of-war/ (Accessed: January 16, 2024) (Israeli troop disposition).

Michel Chossudovsky (9 February 2024), A “False Flag” Operation to Justify The Israel-U.S. Genocide against the People of Palestine, Global Research. Available at: https://www.globalresearch.ca/a-false-flag-attack-operation-to-justify-the-israel-u-s-genocide-against-the-people-of-palestine/5847958 (Accessed: February 9, 2024).

Andre Damon, Israel announces plans for ethnic cleansing of Rafah (9 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/10/pgbd-f10.html (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

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Judiciary

Anon., Israel’s Supreme Court Delays Activation of Law That Makes It Harder to Remove Netanyahu From Office (3 January 2024), AP, USnews.com. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/news/world (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

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Lie about Lack of Warning

Contrary to what Benjamin Netanyahu’s coalition government claimed, the “Al-Aqsa Flood” did not surprise Israel. This attack had been planned since the clashes of May 2021.

According to CNN, Hamas trained its fighters for this operation for a year and a half. He built six training camps in Gaza and made promotional films there. Videos of these workouts were released weeks before the attack.

In March 2023, Hamas sent a strong delegation to Russia. On this occasion, he warned Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov that his patience was running out and his anger was “on the march”.

In 2023, Iran hosted talks between the region’s various pro-independence forces, Hezbollah, Islamic Jihad and Hamas. They were held in Beirut (Lebanon) under the presidency of General Ismaïl Qaani, commander of the al-Quds brigades of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards. Their aim was to reconcile these actors who had fought a ferocious war in Gaza, then in Syria. These meetings were made public in May 2023. On this occasion the Lebanese press discussed the preparation of the unitary operation which was carried out on October 7. Iran is therefore responsible for reconciling the Palestinian factions.

On September 30, the Egyptian Minister of Intelligence, Kamel Abbas, telephoned the Israeli Prime Minister to warn him against a major Hamas operation against Israel. Egypt, which is fighting the Muslim Brotherhood, was worried that Israel would allow it to expand further.

On October 5, the CIA warned the Mossad of a major operation by the United Palestinian Resistance. The United States was worried about its scale. However, according to the New York Times , the CIA reports (September 28 and October 5), still classified, did not mention the use of new combat techniques by the Palestinian Resistance. Israeli intelligence services then held a meeting to assess the threat. The Shin Bet (counterespionage) and Amman (military intelligence) participated.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his office therefore lied to their citizens by claiming to have been surprised by Hamas.

Thierry Meyssan, Voltaire Network (1 November 2023), Israeli military censorship hides the truth from you, Voltaire Network. Available at: https://www.voltairenet.org/article219959.html. (Accessed: November 12, 2023) (footnotes omitted).

Anon. (2 January 2024), Israeli survivors of 7 October concert seek $56m in damages from security forces, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240102-israeli-survivors-of-7-october-concert-seek-56m-in-damages-from-security-forces/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

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Knesset

Anon. (15 February 2024), Israeli MKs discuss overcoming US “settler” sanctions, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/israeli-mks-discuss-overcoming-us-settler-sanctions/ (Accessed: February 15, 2024).

Anon. (15 February 2024), Honenu to defend Israelis sanctioned by US administration, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/honenu-to-defend-israelis-sanctioned-by-us-administration/ (Accessed: February 15, 2024).

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Netanyahu Corruption Trial

Stephanie Halasz and Tamar Michaelis, (4 December 2023), Netanyahu corruption trial resumes, as war rages on, CNN. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/netanyahu-corruption-trial-resumes-as-war-rages-on/ar-AA1kZqb6. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Tia Goldenberg (27 April 2023), “What is the latest on Netanyahu’s corruption trial?,” Los Angeles Times, 27 April. Available at: https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2023-04-27/what-is-the-latest-on-netanyahus-corruption-trial (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Ishaan Tharoor, (5 December 2023), “Israel’s Netanyahu is fighting two wars, and may not win either,” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/05/netanyahu-wars-win-lose-political-endgame-career/ (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Kevin Barrett, et al. (7 December 2023), The Minute the War Stops, Netanyahu Goes to Prison, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/kbarrett/the-minute-the-war-stops-netanyahu-goes-to-prison/. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

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Netanyahu Government Collapse

See also Polls.

Rina Bassist, Israel’s Netanyahu “must go now,” says opposition leader Lapid (15 November 2023), Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/israels-netanyahu-must-go-now-says-opposition-leader-lapid. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon. (28 November 2023), Netanyahu: ‘Only I can block a Palestinian state,’ Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231128-netanyahu-only-i-can-block-a-palestinian-state/. (Accessed: Novembe 30, 2023).

MSNBC (1 December 2023), “He’s not going to survive this”: Netanyahu in hot water after NYT report on Hamas attack. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRHi2IkUih8. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Tal Spungin (27 December 2023), Israel’s wartime government in crisis as Ben-Gvir fires prison chief, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Anon., Political Crisis Brewing in Tel Aviv - Israeli Media (29 December 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/political-crisis-brewing-in-tel-aviv-israeli-media/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Anon., ‘Besiege the Knesset’ - Ehud Barak Calls on Israelis to Take Action against Netanyahu (25 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/besiege-the-knesset-ehud-barak-calls-on-israelis-to-take-action-against-netanyahu/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

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Northern Front

Anon., Israel Has Locked the Gates of Gaza! Israel Announced That It Will Attack Lebanon in 24 Hours! (1 November 2023), YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIjYQSJCQnI (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Reuters (24 October 2023) Almost 20,000 displaced in Lebanon as clashes on Israel border escalate, The Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/almost-20000-displaced-lebanon-clashes-israel-border-escalate-725582 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Anon. (23 November 2023), IOF losses on the Lebanese front, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/infograph/iof-losses-on-the-lebanese-front. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Tuqa Khalid (4 December 2023), Israel PM threatens destruction of Lebanon if Hezbollah continues escalation, Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/12/03/Israel-PM-threatens-destruction-of-Lebanon-if-Hezbollah-continues-escalation. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

John Helmer (12 December 2023), Israel’s Litani Ultimatum – Russian Reaction is That It’s Bluff, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/israels-litani-ultimatum-russian-reaction-is-that-its-bluff/. (Accessed: December 15, 2023).

Israel is Planning to Invade Lebanon - The Times, Newsweek (2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-is-planning-to-invade-lebanon-the-times-newsweek/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (28 December 2023), Unprecedented escalation: Israeli threats, Hezbollah retaliation, and the shadow of IRGC commander’s assassination, LBCI Lebanon. Available at: https://www.lbcgroup.tv/news/press/743819/lbci-lebanon-articles/en (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Kyle Anzalone, Israel: Time For Diplomacy With Hezbollah Running Out As Expanded War Looms (28 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-time-diplomacy-hezbollah-running-out-expanded-war-looms (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

  Anon., Hezbollah Commences Retaliation for Arouri’s Murder with Attack on ‘Meron’ - VIDEO. (6 January 2024). Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/hezbollah-commences-retaliation-for-arouris-murder-with-attack-on-meron-video/ (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Emanuel Fabian, IDF admits Mount Meron air traffic control base damaged in Hezbollah attack. (7 January 2024). Timesofisrael.Com. https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-admits-mount-meron-air-traffic-control-base-damaged-in-hezbollah-attack/ (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

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Palestinian Prisoners

According to the Prisoner Support and Human Rights Association Addammer, there are currently 7,000 Palestinian prisoners in Israeli prisons, including 2,070 administrative detainees, 200 children, and 62 women.

Anon., Who are the Palestinian Prisoners to Be Released by Israel under the Truce Deal? (22 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/who-are-the-palestinian-prisoners-to-be-released-by-israel-under-the-deal/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Around 8,300 Palestinian prisoners are currently held in Israeli jails, said Qadura Fares, head of the Palestinian Commission for Detainees and Ex-Prisoners’ Affairs.

Anon. (24 November 2023) “Live updates: Israel-Hamas war, Initial group of 24 hostages released, truce appears to be holding,” 25 November. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-11-25-23/index.html. (Accessed: November 25, 2023). (Page search for "Hostages held in Gaza and Palestinians"... )

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Polls

Israeli public - 80% - believes that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu should accept responsibility for what happened in the Gaza Strip, as the Minister of Defense, the Chief of Staff, the head of the Security Forces and the head of the Shin Bet have done in recent days. This is according to a survey "Maariv", organized by "Lazar Studies[.]"


At the end of the second week of the war, a huge majority of the Israeli public - 80% - believes that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu should accept responsibility for what happened in the Gaza Strip, as the Minister of Defense, the Chief of Staff, the head of the Security Forces and the head of the Shin Bet have done in recent days. This is according to a survey "Maariv", organized by "Lazar Studies", led by Dr. Menachem Lazar, in collaboration with Panel4All.

Only 8% believe that Netanyahu should not accept responsibility (and 12% do not know). Even among Likud voters in the 2022 elections There is an absolute majority (69%) who think he should have taken responsibility.

...

On the question of suitability for the prime ministership, the same data as last week are obtained: Benny Gantz with 48%, compared to Netanyahu with 28% (and 24% don't know).

Moshe Cohen, Unprecedented data: Gantz opens a gap over Netanyahu in terms of the prime ministership Ma'ariv survey (20 October 2023). Ma'ariv, Available at: https://www.maariv.co.il/Terms-of-Use. (Accessed: 24 October 2023). (Google translation).

Anon. (5 November 2023), Vast Majority of Israelis Want Netanyahu to Resign – New Poll, Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/vast-majority-of-israelis-want-netanyahu-to-resign-new-poll/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Rina Bassist, Poll: Only 4% of Israeli Jews find Netanyahu reliable source on Gaza war (14 November 2023), Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/poll-only-4-israeli-jews-find-netanyahu-reliable-source-gaza-war, (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Poll finds Netanyahu would be trounced by Gantz were elections held today (16 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/poll-finds-netanyahu-would-be-pummeled-by-gantz-were-elections-held-today/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., (26 October 2023) “Israeli poll finds 49% support for holding off on Gaza invasion,” Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-poll-finds-49-support-holding-off-gaza-invasion-2023-10-27/. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Anon., This is What Palestinians in West Bank, Gaza Think of War, Hamas, Abbas - New Poll (13 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/this-is-what-palestinians-in-west-bank-gaza-think-of-war-hamas-abbas-new-poll/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Akiva Van Koningsveld (17 November 2023), Three in four Palestinians support Hamas’s massacre, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/three-in-four-palestinians-support-hamass-massacre/ (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Tamar Hermann and Or Anabi (24 November 2023), Overwhelming Majority of Jewish and Arab Israelis: The Release of all Hostages is a Goal of Importance, Org.il. Available at: https://en.idi.org.il/articles/51616 (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Anon. (29 December 2023), Netanyahu’s Likud party to lose half of Knesset seats, opinion poll shows, TRT WORLD. Available at: https://www.trtworld.com/middle-east/netanyahus-likud-party-to-lose-half-of-knesset-seats-opinion-poll-shows-16446275 (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Jonathan Ofir (23 February 2024), Over 2/3 of Jewish Israelis oppose humanitarian aid to Palestinians starving in Gaza, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/02/over-2-3-of-jewish-israelis-oppose-humanitarian-aid-to-palestinians-starving-in-gaza/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

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Prisoners of Israel

Anon., Israel/OPT: Horrifying cases of torture and degrading treatment of Palestinian detainees amid spike in arbitrary arrests (8 November 2023), Amnesty International. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/11/israel-opt-horrifying-cases-of-torture-and-degrading-treatment-of-palestinian-detainees-amid-spike-in-arbitrary-arrests/. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

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Racism in Israel

A member of the ultra-nationalist Jewish Power party, Eliyahu contended that there were “no non-combatants in Gaza,” so using a nuclear warhead there was “one of the possibilities.”

John Mecklin (5 November 2023), Israel’s Netanyahu suspends minister for suggesting a nuclear weapons option in Gaza, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Available at: https://thebulletin.org/2023/11/israels-netanyahu-suspends-minister-for-suggesting-a-nuclear-weapons-option-in-gaza/. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

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West Bank

Anon., Israeli colonists seize, plant dozens of dunums of Palestinian land in southern Bethlehem (10 December 2023), WAFA Agency. Available at: http://wafa.ps/Pages/Details/139984. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Assault On 10 Cities: Israel Mounts Largest Raid On West Bank Since War’s Start (28 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-mounts-largest-raid-west-bank-wars-start-includes-10-cities (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Ariel Kahana, IDF confirms settler-perpetrated nationalistic crime drops drastically (26 December 2023), www.israelhayom.com. Available at: https://www.israelhayom.com/2023/12/26/idf-confirms-nationalistic-crime-perpetrated-by-settlers-drops-drastically/ (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Qassam Muaddi (4 January 2024), Israel kills 325th Palestinian in West Bank since 7 October. The New Arab. https://www.newarab.com/news/israel-kills-325th-palestinian-west-bank-7-october (Accessed: January 8, 2024).
  
Jeremy Sharon, IDF freezes operations of “hilltop youth” unit linked to anti-Palestinian violence (20 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-freezes-operations-of-hilltop-youth-unit-linked-to-anti-palestinian-violence/ (Accessed: January 14, 2024).

Hindustan Times (25 February 2024), Israeli Settlers Attack IDF; Thousands Demand Netanyahu’s Ouster | Nearly 100 Killed In Gaza. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OcmPggmvB3A (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

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Where Are the Women's Rights Organizations?

See also Rape Allegations.

Below is a 16 November 2023 Newsletter this author received from Shurat Hadin, an admitted Israeli Mossad cut-out organization: See Asa Winstanley (16 November 2017), Israeli “law center” Shurat HaDin admits Mossad ties, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/asa-winstanley/israeli-law-center-shurat-hadin-admits-mossad-ties. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Where are the women’s rights organizations?

“Where were you when Israeli women were raped and slaughtered by Hamas terrorists?” feminists in the Jewish state demand to know.

By Rachel Avraham | Nov 15, 2023 at 12:00 pm | Topics: HamasWomen  
  
  
  
On October 7, 2023, 1,500 Hamas terrorists invaded Israel by land, sea and air, massacring innocent youngers at a music festival, burning people living in border communities alive in their homes, decapitating babies, and raping numerous women.   Simultaneously, Hamas fired thousands of rockets at the Jewish state. Israeli forensic experts have already confirmed that Hamas is guilty of rape, torture and other crimes against.

As of today, more than 1,400 Israelis have been killed, over 5,000 have been wounded, and over 230 are held hostage by Hamas in Gaza following the October 7 massacre, which Yotam Polizar, the CEO of IsraAid, a prominent Israeli humanitarian aid organization, compared to the Yezidi Genocide in magnitude.   Already, the Israel Police have begun to gather testimonies on the rape and other forms of torture Hamas committed on October 7.

Local Israeli media has documented countless instances of rape on October 7.  It is very hard to forget the images of 19-year-old Naama Levy being forced into a jeep by Palestinian terrorists, with blood flowing between her legs, an indication that she was raped.    One survivor of the Supernova Music Festival massacre told The Jerusalem Post about the rape and murder of her friend: “As I am hiding, I see in the corner of my eyes that a terrorist is raping her.  She was alive beforehand.  She stood on her feet, bleeding from her back.  But then the situation was that he was pulling her hair.  She had long, brown hair.”  As one survivor of the music festival massacre told Tablet: “Women were raped next to the dead bodies of their friends.”

Another survivor told Haaretz of a gang rape on October 7: “They bent someone over.  I realized he was raping her and passing her onto someone else in uniform.”  The terrorist is then said to have shot her in the head and then mutilated her body. More recently, the Israel Police has started to collect the testimony of survivors, documenting how Hamas massacred, raped and tortured en masse.   Itzik Itah, who leads emergency responders, told The Jewish Chronicle: “In one house, there was a couple tied to each other with their clothes down and you can see definitely that the women underwent rape.   When she is naked faced down, and her clothes had clearly been taken off not by her, that’s a woman who underwent rape.”

However, following all of these atrocities, women’s rights activists abroad have been deafly silent, while others on social media have even had the audacity to deny that rape and other crimes against humanity were committed by Hamas on October 7. For example, UN Women, one of the most prominent women’s rights organizations, released a statement on October 13 – almost a week after Hamas’s massacre and abduction of the hostages – saying: “UN Women condemns the attacks on civilians in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories and is deeply alarmed by the devastating impact on civilians including women and girls.”  There is no mention of the grave atrocities like rape, beheading, and mutilation that have been committed against Israeli women and girls on October 7.

In response to UN Women’s October 13 statement, 140 women’s rights organizations, most of them being either Jewish or Israeli, drafted a letter stating:

“We strongly implore UN Women – and all other human rights agencies – to gravely condemn the brutal attack and atrocities committed by Hamas on Israeli citizens as well as the abduction of innocent hostages, to urgently act to protect the special humanitarian rights of women and children, and to do everything in their power to expose and recognize these atrocious and horrific acts of violence against women and girls and to bring the release of all hostages immediately.”

Following this, CEDAW, another prominent international women’s rights organization, issued a statement calling for the “initiation of inclusive peace talks, the cessation of war and an urgently needed humanitarian corridor.”  They did not mention at all the mass rapes committed by the Hamas terror organizations against Israeli women and girls.  Following this, Nitsana Darshan Leitner, the head of the Shurat HaDin law firm, stated in a recent YouTube video:

“Where are the women’s rights organizations?   Where is the Me Too Movement?  Where were you when Israeli women were raped and slaughtered by Hamas terrorists?”

She continued: “Where are you when Israeli girls are kept hostage, tortured and sexually abused by subhuman animals?   How come you have not even spoken a word?  Is it ok to rape Jews?  Is that what you are saying?  Because we hear you all the time.  All the time but now.  On October 7, women and children were brutally raped by Hamas, some of them so sadistically that bones were broken.  Young girls and elderly women were murdered and burned alive. Others were taken to Gaza to be gang raped on the streets and in military bunkers. Images of bleeding women being paraded through Gaza as captives were broadcast worldwide and nothing, not a word from you.  No condemnation.  Not a call to release the women and children.”

According to Darshan-Leitner, “Rape has been recognized as an insidious war crime.  It is a horrific criminal weapon that tries to serve a political objective.  The Geneva Convention specifically provides that ‘women should be protected against any attack upon their honor, in particular against rape or any form of indecent assault.’  Why do you believe that this international law that you constantly wave in our faces should not apply in this case?  Why do you believe that the international tribunals are merely a weapon to punish Israel but in no way should be used to safeguard Israelis?”

In conclusion, she proclaimed: “There is no taking sides in this.  This is pure evil.  This is inhuman.  It’s rape.  It’s a war crime.  When you stood up for women’s rights, you made a change.  You exposed, hunted down, shamed and prosecuted the perpetrators of rape and sexual violence in your countries.  But now you chose to sit idly because it involves Jewish girls and women.  There is only one word to describe it.  Antisemitic hypocrisy.”

Earlier this week, in a rally organized by Israeli Arab journalist Lucy Aharish, some 1,000 Israeli women gathered in Tel Aviv, demanding that women’s rights organizations worldwide take a stance against Hamas’s crimes against humanity.   According to her, more than 100 women are presently being held hostage in Gaza, with some of them being children: “We, the women of Israel, are calling for the return of the girls and women stolen from us.” Former Miss World Linor Abargil also attended the rally and added: “How can it be that all 268 existing women’s organizations in the world do not rise up to cry out?   I call on the women leaders of the world to cry out.”

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Jordan

Anon., Jordan Denies US Weapons are Transferred to Israel from Jordanian Military Base (29 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/jordan-denies-us-weapons-are-transferred-to-israel-from-jordanian-military-base/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., Jake Sullivan expresses concern over targeting of Jordanian field hospital (16 November 2023), Royanews.tv. Available at: https://en.royanews.tv/news/46546/2023-11-16 (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Jordan Says It Beefs up Army Presence Along Borders With Israel (21 November 2023), Reuters. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/news/world (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

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Lebanon

Reuters (24 October 2023) Almost 20,000 displaced in Lebanon as clashes on Israel border escalate, The Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/almost-20000-displaced-lebanon-clashes-israel-border-escalate-725582 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

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Muslim Nations

Andrew Korybko (23 October 2023) The Humanitarian Case For Another Arab Oil Embargo. Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/the-humanitarian-case-for-another. (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Smith, Y. (18 October 2023) Iran Calls For Middle East States to Start Economic Escalation Via Oil Embargo On Israel. Naked Capitalism. Available at: https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2023/10/iran-calls-for-middle-east-states-to-start-economic-escalation-via-oil-embargo-on-israel.html (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Kareem Fahim and Hannah Allam, Fearing war and unrest, Arab leaders demand end to Israeli assault on Gaza (25 October 2023) The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/25/uae-egypt-lebanon-leaders-israel-hamas-war/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Beatrice Farhat, Tunisia’s parliament to consider bill criminalizing relations with Israel, Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/tunisias-parliament-consider-bill-criminalizing-relations-israel (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Ben Samuels, Two Million People March in Jakarta in Solidarity with Gaza (5 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/two-million-people-march-in-jakarta-to-show-solidarity-with-gaza/. (Accessed 27 October 2023).

EnviRio (27 November 2023), Islamic Nations Cut Off All the Ties with Israel, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hMcw09tfaI. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Ellie Sennett (8 December 2023), Arab leaders deliver united message to the US: the West is failing on Israel-Gaza, The National. Available at: https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/us-news/2023/12/08/arab-leaders-deliver-united-message-to-the-us-the-west-is-failing-on-israel-gaza/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Cathrin Schaer, Arab attitudes are hardening against Israel (27 December 2023) Qantara.de. Available at: https://qantara.de/en/article/israel-hamas-war-arab-attitudes-are-hardening-against-israel (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Mushahid Hussain, ‘Al Aqsa Storm’ reshapes the Middle East (29 December 2023), The Express Tribune. Available at: https://tribune.com.pk/story/2451457/al-aqsa-storm-reshapes-the-middle-east (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Jordan News (5 January 2024), Gov’t supports South Africa ICJ case against Israel — Safadi, Jordan News. Available at: https://www.jordannews.jo/Section-109/News/Gov-t-supports-South-Africa-ICJ-case-against-Israel-Safadi-33417 (Accessed: January 5, 2024).

Anon., Türkiye, Malaysia, OIC Back South Africa’s Case Against Israel at ICJ (5 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/turkiye-malaysia-oic-back-south-africas-case-against-israel-at-icj/ (Accessed January 5, 2024).

David Hearst (19 January 2024), War on Gaza: Arab despots’ failure to stand up to Israel could fuel an explosion, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/war-gaza-arab-despots-failure-stand-up-israel-fuel-explosion (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

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NATO

Anon., Mass Rallies in UK, Demanding Immediate Ceasefire in Gaza – VIDEO (28 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/mass-rallies-in-uk-demanding-immediate-ceasefire-in-gaza-video/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023), ‘Too few’ German Muslims have condemned Hamas – vice chancellor, RT. Available at: https://archive.ph/NR886#selection-991.10-991.73. (Accessed 3 November 2023).

Shadz TV (28 October 2023), Great Palestine Rally in Istanbul,Turkey is historic, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/shadabansari40/status/1718301089756574168. (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Katie Hawkinson (4 November 2023), ‘Miles do not matter’ to the thousands who descended on Washington, DC, in support of Palestinians: ‘This is breathtaking, and it’s amazing.’, Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/palestine-protests-national-march-on-washington-dc-white-house-interviews-2023-11 (Accessed: 5 November 2023).
    
Steven Nelson, et al, (4 November 2023) Thousands of pro-Palestinian marchers descend upon WH chanting ‘Allahu akbar,’ ‘F–k Joe Biden’ as they demand ceasefire, New York Post. Available at: https://nypost.com/2023/11/04/news/pro-palestinian-marchers-flood-dc-say-racist-state-israel-does-not-have-the-right-to-exist-long-live-the-intifada/ (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Jillian Smith (18 October 2023) Hundreds arrested after Pro-Palestinian demonstrators flood Cannon Rotunda, Capitol complex, FOX 5 DC. Available at: https://www.fox5dc.com/news/pro-palestinian-protest-underway-at-capitol-rotunda-uscp-detains-some-demonstrators-israel-hamas-war-capitol-hill-jewish-voices-for-peace (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Peter Schwarz,The genocide in Gaza and the attack on the right to demonstrate in Germany (7 November 2023, World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/07/catz-n07.html?pk_kwd=wsws (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Jihane Rahhou (4 November ) French Politicians Submitted Bill to Crack Down on Pro-Palestine Protests, Morocco World News. Available at: https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/11/358757/french-politicians-submitted-bill-to-crack-down-on-pro-palestine-protests. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Justus Leicht, Germany to prosecute slogan calling for freedom for Palestine as a crime (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/zvsr-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon., Total Destruction of Hamas Would Take a Decade - Macron (VIDEO) (2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/total-destruction-of-hamas-would-take-a-decade-macron-video/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

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New Zealand

Anon. (12 December 2023), Canada, Australia and New Zealand support Palestinian right to self-determination, Teller Report. Available at: https://www.tellerreport.com/news/2023-12-12-canada--australia-and-new-zealand-support-palestinian-right-to-self-determination.r1svGBI8p.html. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

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NGOs

See also International Criminal Court.

Jake Johnson (26 October 2023), Amnesty Demands Immediate Cease-Fire in Gaza as Israel Readies ‘Cataclysmic’ Invasion, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/amnesty-cease-fire-gaza (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., Veterans For Peace Statement on Gaza (24 October 2023). Available at: https://www.veteransforpeace.org/pressroom/news/2023/10/24/veterans-peace-statement-gaza (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon., Ending Complicity in International Crimes: A Two-Way Arms Embargo on Israel (11 October 2023), Addameer.org. Available at: https://www.addameer.org/news/5206 (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

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Palestinian Authority

Jennifer Rubin (24 October 2023), Let’s not forget the Palestinian Authority’s role in this catastrophe, The Washington Post. Available at: <https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2023/10/24/palestinian-authority-share-blame-hamas-israel/> (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Anon. (31 October 2023), Palestinian Authority rejects governing Gaza without permanent solution for West Bank. Available at: https://www.trendradars.com/h/article-272094-palestinian-authority-rejects-governing-gaza-without-permanent-solution-for-west-bank/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Ghaith al-Omari (28 February 2023).To Prevent the PA from Unraveling, Address Internal Reform.The Washington Institute. Available at: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/prevent-pa-unraveling-address-internal-reform (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Ellie Cambridge, What is Mahmoud Abbas’ net worth, how long has he been President of the Palestinian Authority and who are his children? (27 June 2018). The Sun. Available at: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/6638877/mahmoud-abbas-net-worth-how-long-president-palestinian-authority/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Anon. (5 November 2023), Abbas is ‘Ready’ To Manage Gaza – US Official Claims, Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/abbas-is-ready-to-manage-gaza-us-official-claims/. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Claire Anderson (7 November 2023), Assassination attempt on Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, Express.co.uk. Available at: https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1832567/palestine-president-Mahmoud-Abbas-assassination-attempt. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Al Arabiya English (2023) Mahmoud Abbas says US veto on Gaza war makes it complicit in Israeli ‘war crimes,’ Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/12/09/Mahmoud-Abbas-says-US-veto-on-Gaza-war-makes-it-complicit-in-Israeli-war-crimes- (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

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Qatar

In accordance with the High Directives of His Highness Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Aal Thani, Emir of Qatar, in his letter number DA-2012-1127 to provide two money supports to the Likud-Beiteinu [parties], including an amount of $15 million US dollars to Mr. Benjamin Netanyahu, the head of the Likud party and $5 million US dollars to Mr. Avigdor Liberman, head of the Israel Beiteinu party as a participation in supporting the upcoming election campaigns of both.

Yigal Carmon (22 December 2023) “Project Raven” – The Origin Of The Qatari Government Letters Leak, Middle East Media Research Institute. Available at: https://www.memri.org/reports/project-raven-%E2%80%93-origin-qatari-government-letters-leak (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Yigal Carmon (16 January 2024), Why Do The U.S. And Israel Tolerate Qatar’s Blatant Anti-U.S. And Anti-Israel Policies?, Middle East Media Research Institute. Available at: https://www.memri.org/reports/why-do-us-and-israel-tolerate-qatars-blatant-anti-us-and-anti-israel-policies (Accessed: January 20, 2024).





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Russia

This is a hint that Erdogan and Putin are contemplating a Turkish ship convoy of aid to Gaza, protected from Israeli attack by the Russian Navy from its Tartous base on the Syrian c oast, and by the Russian Air Force from Hmeimim. This humanitarian operation by sea would aim at breaking the blockade of the coast by the Israelis, and running the gauntlet of the USS Gerald Ford and its squadron further offshore. If this operation, a reminder of the Gaza Flotilla of 2010, is in planning now – the open signals are warning Washington and the US Navy to expect it – then the confrontation, and the risk to the US and Israel of strategic defeat at sea, are unprecedented.

The planning of Russian military protection of seaborne humanitarian aid convoys to the Gaza also extends to Egypt.

John Helmer, The Silence of the Bears – Russia Is Reorienting towards the Arabs (12 October 2023) Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/the-silence-of-the-bears-russia-is-reorienting-towards-the-arabs/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

John Helmer, Race War against the Palestinians Turns into War of the Worlds – Will the US and Russian Navies Engage off Gaza & Other Questions (no date) Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/race-war-against-the-palestinians-turns-into-war-of-the-worlds-will-the-us-and-russian-navies-engage-off-gaza-other-questions/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Following the embrace of President Joseph Biden and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, the US has endorsed the Israeli plan to force the evacuation of the Palestinians from Gaza City to designated camps in the south. There Israeli forces will allow convoys of humanitarian aid to enter from Egypt and unload after Israeli forces have inspected the cargoes. The new southern zone will be cordoned off by an Israeli ring of fire, and everything north of the line, including Gaza City will be destroyed, hospitals included.

This formula has been pressed on Egypt, the other Arab states, China, and Russia to accept by the UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, a Portuguese government retiree, and his deputy for humanitarian affairs, Martin Griffiths, a British government retiree. They have emphasized there is no alternative to the destruction of Gaza, and its full absorption into the state of Israel.

John Helmer, In the Corridors of Power — the US and Israel Are Daring Russia, China and the World to Go to War to Save Arab Palestine. (19 October 2023). Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.org/in-the-corridors-of-power-the-us-and-israel-are-daring-russia-china-and-the-world-to-go-to-war-to-save-arab-palestine/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Anon., On China Visit, Putin ‘Threatens’ To Destroy British Navy Warships If They Enter The Black Sea (19 October 2023) YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykN8qACYUow (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Pepe Escobar, Russia’s neutrality ballet on Israel-Palestine (18 October 2023) The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/russias-neutrality-ballet-on-israel-palestine (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Andrew Korybko(22 October 2023), Russia Isn’t Expected To Stop Israel’s Strikes In Syria. Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/russia-isnt-expected-to-stop-israels (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Anon., Two States in Palestine, Israel not Possible Now: Lavrov
(28 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/two-states-in-palestine-israel-not-possible-now-lavrov/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Andrew Korybko (2023) Lavrov Elaborated On Russian Policy Towards The Israeli-Hamas War In His Latest Interview. Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/lavrov-elaborated-on-russian-policy. (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon. (29 October 2023), Following Mass Rallies, Makhachkala Airport in Dagestan Temporarily Shuts Down.
 Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/following-mass-rallies-makhachkala-airport-in-dagestan-temporarily-shut-down/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Karl Sanchez (3 November 2023), Lavrov on Palestine at Presser 11/3, karlof1’s Geopolitical Gymnasium. Available at: https://karlof1.substack.com/p/lavrov-on-palestine-at-presser-113 (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon., (2 November 2023), Israel has no right to self-defense as an occupying state: Russia. The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/israel-has-no-right-to-self-defense-as-an-occupying-state-russia (Accessed: 4 November 2023). See also Israeli Right of Self-Defense in this document.

Anon., ‘Americans Justify Annihilation of the Palestinians’ - Russia’s UN Ambassador (16 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/americans-justify-annihilation-of-the-palestinians-russias-un-ambassador/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

“We must clearly understand who in reality is behind the tragedy of peoples in the Middle East and in other regions around the world, who has been organising this lethal chaos and who benefits from it. In my opinion, it has already become clear to everyone, as the masterminds brazenly act in the open. These are the current ruling elites in the United States and its satellites who are the main beneficiaries of the global instability that they use to extract their bloody rent. Their strategy is also clear. The United States as a global superpower is becoming weaker and is losing its position, and everyone sees and understands this.”

John Helmer (1 November 2023), If the Army Says Fight the War, Russians Agree – If the Kremlin Says Stop, Russians Agree on Conditions the Army Decides, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/if-the-army-says-fight-the-war-russians-agree-if-the-kremlin-says-stop-russians-agree-on-conditions-the-army-decides/. (Accessed: November 18, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (19 November 2023), Lavrov Revealed That Putin Has Been A Lifelong Supporter Of “Ironclad Security” For Israel, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. https://korybko.substack.com/p/lavrov-revealed-that-putin-has-been. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

John Helmer, If the Army Says Fight the War, Russians Agree – if the Kremlin Says Stop, Russians Agree on Conditions the Army Decides, (1 November 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.net/if-the-army-says-fight-the-war-russians-agree-if-the-kremlin-says-stop-russians-agree-on-conditions-the-army-decides/. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Anon., ‘Extremely Unpleasant Fact’: Russia’s UN Diplomats Lash out at US, West, Israel (29 November 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/extremely-unpleasant-fact-russias-un-diplomats-lash-out-at-us-west-israel/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Anon., Moscow and Gaza: Is Russia Ready for a Major Shift in Its Middle East Policy? (9 December 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/moscow-and-gaza-is-russia-ready-for-a-major-shift-in-its-middle-east-policy/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., Washington Wants to Create a Palestinian ‘Protectorate’ - Lavrov (13 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/washington-wants-to-create-a-palestinian-protectorate-lavrov/. (Accessed: December 14, 2023).

Anon., Objectives of Israel’s and Russia’s Wars ‘nearly Identical’ - Did Lavrov Shift Position on Gaza? (28 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/objectives-of-israels-and-russias-war-nearly-identical-did-lavrov-shift-position-on-gaza/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (4 January 2024), Russia’s Condemnation Of The Houthis’ Maritime Attacks Discredits A Popular Narrative, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/russias-condemnation-of-the-houthis (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon., (14 January 2024), PANIC! Russia Makes U Turn, Deploys Warships To Defend Yemen From “Illegal Attacks” OpenMindedThinker Show, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6S16y-Xwdw (Accessed: January 14, 2024).

Anon., No Prospects for Stabilization in Gaza Given Israel’s “Uncompromising Attitude” — Lavrov (13 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/no-prospects-for-stabilization-in-gaza-given-israels-uncompromising-attitude-lavrov/

Anon., “Uniting the Ranks” - Hamas, Fatah, Other Groups to Meet in Moscow for Talks (28 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/uniting-the-ranks-hamas-fatah-other-groups-to-meet-in-moscow-for-talks/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Anon., “Uniting the Ranks” - Hamas, Fatah, Other Groups to Meet in Moscow for Talks (28 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/uniting-the-ranks-hamas-fatah-other-groups-to-meet-in-moscow-for-talks/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

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Saudi Arabia

Anon. (4 November 2023), Fact-check: Saudi Arabia has not approved deployment of US air defense systems to defend Israel, The Namal. Available at: https://thenamal.com/featured/fact-check-saudi-arabia-has-not-approved-deployment-of-us-air-defense-systems-to-defend-israel/ (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Adam Lucente (4 November 2023), Saudi defense chief concludes US trip, seeks security assurances as Gaza rages, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/saudi-defense-chief-concludes-us-trip-seeks-security-assurances-gaza-rages. (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon. (4 January 2024), Saudi Arabia rejects plans for Nakba in Gaza Strip, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/saudi-arabia-rejects-plans-for-nakba-in-gaza-strip (Accessed: January 5, 2024).

Anon., “Our Firm Position” on Any Normalization with Israel - Saudi Arabia. (7 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. https://www.palestinechronicle.com/our-firm-position-on-any-normalization-with-israel-saudi-arabia/ (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., “Strong Condemnation” - Saudi Arabia Calls for “Urgent” UNSC Meeting to Prevent Israel’s Invasion of Rafah (10 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/strong-condemnation-saudi-arabia-calls-for-urgent-unsc-meeting-to-prevent-israels-invasion-of-rafah/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

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South Africa

Anon. (3 December 2023), Fifth Global Convention of Solidarity with Palestine kicks off, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/fifth-global-convention-of-solidarity-with-palestine-kicks-o, (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Senesipho Schrieber (9 February 2024), Pandor requests extra security from Cele amid threats after Israel genocide case, Business Day. Available at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2024-02-09-watch-extra-security-for-pandor-due-to-threats-after-israel-genocide-case/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

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Syria

Guillaume Daudin and Julia Pavesi, France issues “historic” arrest warrant for Syria’s Assad (15 November 2023), Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/france-issues-historic-arrest-warrant-syrias-assad. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Number Of Attacks On US Bases In Iraq & Syria Pushes Past 80 (9 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/military/number-attacks-us-bases-iraq-syria-pushes-past-80. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Giorgio Cafiero (13 December 2023), Syria’s stakes in the Israel-Gaza war, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/israel-gaza-syria/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Dave DeCamp (21 December 2023), US Forces Have Come Under Attack Over 100 Times in Iraq and Syria Since October, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2023/12/21/us-forces-have-come-under-attack-over-100-times-in-iraq-and-syria-since-october/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., Israel Assassinates Iranian Commander in Syria - Who is Gen. Mousavi (25 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-assassinates-iranian-commander-in-syria-who-is-gen-mousavi/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Iran’s IRGC Suffers Single Deadliest Day In Syria As Israel Strikes Damascus Airport (no date) ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/irans-irgc-suffers-single-deadliest-day-syria-israel-strikes-damascus-airport (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

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Turkey

Amberin Zaman (25 October 2023) Turkey’s Erdogan hails Hamas as liberators, leaving détente with Israel in shreds, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/turkeys-erdogan-hails-hamas-liberators-leaving-detente-israel-shreds (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Ezgi Akin (no date), Official boycott, sit-ins target Starbucks in Turkey amid protests against Israel, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/official-boycott-sit-ins-target-starbucks-turkey-amid-protests-against-israel (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

Anon., Erdogan Calls on Israel to Halt Attacks on Gaza, End Its ‘State of Madness’ (28 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/erdogan-calls-on-israel-to-halt-attacks-on-gaza-end-its-state-of-madness/. (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Shadz TV (28 October 2023), Great Palestine Rally in Istanbul,Turkey is historic, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/shadabansari40/status/1718301089756574168. (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Tyler Durden, Turkey Is Preparing An Israeli War Crimes Case For The Hague’s ICC (31 October 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/turkey-preparing-israeli-war-crimes-case-hagues-icc. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Anon. (3 November 2023) Erdogan seeks Gaza cease-fire to halt ‘crimes against humanity’, L’Orient Today. Available at: https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1356032/erdogan-seeks-gaza-ceasefire-to-halt-crimes-against-humanity.html (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), Douglas Macgregor - A Dangerous Regional Conflict. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmftQpp1YOY. (Accessed: November 14, 2023). Macgregor says Turkey *will* invade Gaza, at 8:30.

Gianluca Pacchiani, 1,000 boats said set to leave Turkey for Gaza waters in new “Freedom Flotilla” (2023) Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/1000-boats-said-set-to-leave-turkey-for-gaza-waters-in-new-freedom-flotilla/. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Anon. (29 November 2023), Turkey’s Erdogan tells Guterres Israel must be tried in international courts for Gaza war crimes, Firstpost. Available at: https://www.firstpost.com/world/turkeys-erdogan-tells-guterres-israel-must-tried-in-international-courts-for-gaza-war-crimes-13443142.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2023). (Note that governing law says individuals, not nations, be tried for war crimes.)

Yonah Bob (29 November 2023), Intel: Unclear how big a threat next Turkey flotilla is, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Anon. (29 November 2023), Netanyahu dubbed ‘Butcher of Gaza,’ RT. Available at: https://www.rt.com/news/588208-erdogan-butcher-gaza-netanyahu/. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Anon., Israeli Government is ‘Breaking Apart’ - Turkiye’s Erdogan (6 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-government-is-breaking-apart-turkiyes-erdogan/. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon. (2023) Douglas MacGregor: NATO will attack Israel if IDF comes into conflict with Turkey. Judging Freedom, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x00t-PfGtyQ. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Reuters (6 December 2023), Turkey Rejects “Buffer Zone” Plan for Gaza, Erdogan Says, U.S. News & World Report. Available at: https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2023-12-06/turkey-rejects-buffer-zone-plan-for-gaza-erdogan-says. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Anon. (3 January 2024), Turkey Claims Spies Linked To Israel’s Mossad | Israel-Hamas War, CNBC TV18. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gBjg_ccrqpU (Accessed: January 4, 2024).


Anon. (28 November 2023), Iran’s Raisi in Turkey to forge joint response to Gaza warThe Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/irans-raisi-turkey-forge-joint-response-gaza-war-747730 (Accessed: January 12, 2024).
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U.K.

Asher McShane (11 October 2023), Israel “has the right” to withhold power and water from Gaza, says Sir Keir Starmer, LBC. Available at: https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/sir-keir-starmer-hamas-terrorism-israel-defend-itself/. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Georgina Cutler (30 October 2023), Starmer suspends MP over Israel speech outrage as he ignites fuse in explosive Labour row, GB News. Available at: https://www.gbnews.com/politics/starmer-suspends-andy-mcdonald-mp-israel-speech-labour. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Millie Cooke (28 October 2023) ‘Deeply disturbed’ BBC staff ‘crying at work’ over Israel-Gaza coverage, GB News. Available at: https://www.gbnews.com/politics/bbc-israel-gaza-palestine-war (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (28 October 2023), Thank you London! Half a million people on the streets today for Palestine demanding a #CeaseFireNOW, Palestine Solidarity Campaign. Available at: https://twitter.com/PSCupdates/status/1718301978533515707?s=20. (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Kit Klarenberg, The Mask Has Fallen: King Charles Supports Israel (6 November 2023), MintPress News. Available at: https://www.mintpressnews.com/is-zionist-king-charles-behind-israel-genocide-in-gaza/286185/. (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Thomas Scripps, UK government demands Saturday’s national Gaza protest rally in London be banned (no date), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/07/ohce-n07.html?pk_kwd=wsws (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Robert Stevens, UK: Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer suffers large rebellion over Gaza ceasefire motion (15 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/15/ecag-n15.html. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., 300,000 march against Israel in London on Armistice Day, demand Gaza ceasefire (11 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/many-thousands-march-against-israel-in-london-on-armistice-day-demand-gaza-ceasefire/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Mark Curtis (27 November 2023), Why Does the U.K. Give Israel Unqualified Backing?, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/27/why-does-the-u-k-give-israel-unqualified-backing/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Anon., UK to Launch Surveillance Flights over Gaza to Locate Israeli Captives (3 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/uk-to-launch-surveillance-flights-over-gaza-to-locate-israeli-captives/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Mark Seddon, With Gaza in Ruins, Britain’s Reputation is Wrecked, (5 December 2023). Tribunemag.co.uk. Available at: https://tribunemag.co.uk/2023/12/with-gaza-in-ruins-britains-reputation-is-wrecked-israel. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Dania Akkad (5 December 2023), Israel-Palestine war: Groups take UK government to court over arms exports to Israel, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-groups-take-uk-high-court-over-arms-exports-israel. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Robert Mendick and Martin Evans (3 January 2024), “Johnson condemns Met Police investigation into Israel ‘war crimes,’” The Daily Telegraph, 3 January. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/01/03/boris-johnson-condemns-police-investigation-israel-gaza/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

E.J. Ward (10 January 2024), British warship in Red Sea “fires guns and missiles” downing attack drones in “largest Houthi attack,” LBC. Available at: https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/hms-diamond-red-sea-houthi-attack/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

David Hearst (9 February 2024), Biden and Starmer will pay a heavy price for supporting Israel’s war in Gaza, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/gaza-war-biden-starmer-pay-heavy-price-supporting-israel-war (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Anon., Protests continue in Britain against Israel’s destruction of Gaza (11 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/11/jsju-f11.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

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U.N.

BLOCKQUOTE>The Israeli official said the IDF’s latest assessment has not revealed a risk of an imminent epidemic in Gaza, even as the matter continues to be watched closely.

The World Health Organization chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Sunday, though, that there were “worrying signals of epidemic diseases” in Gaza amid the ongoing fighting.

Tedros told the WHO executive board that “ideal conditions” were being created for disease to spread in the enclave. “On ave, there is one shower unit for every 700 people and one toilet for every 150 people,” he said, pointing to heightened levels of bloody diarrhea, jaundice and respiratory infections.
Jacob Magid, Israeli official denies divide with US over war, says support is “public and private”  (11 December 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-official-denies-divide-with-us-over-war-says-support-is-public-and-private/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Today (21 October), the Rafah crossing with Egypt opened for the first time since 8 October, allowing the entry of 20 trucks carrying food, water and medical supplies. As stated by the UN Secretary-General, these supplies “are the difference between life and death for so many people in Gaza.”

The volume of goods that entered is equivalent to about four per cent of the daily average of imports into Gaza prior to the hostilities, and a fraction of what is needed after 13 days of complete siege. The UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator indicated that it is imperative to increase the access of aid to at least 100 trucks per day.



Health partners have detected cases of chicken pox, scabies and diarrhea, attributable to the poor sanitation conditions and consumption of water from unsafe sources. The incidence of such diseases is expected to rise unless water and sanitation facilities are provided with electricity or fuel to resume operations.

Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel: Flash Update #15 (21 October 2023), United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs - occupied Palestinian territory. Available at: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/hostilities-gaza-strip-and-israel-flash-update-15 (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Anon., Gaza: UN experts decry bombing of hospitals and schools as crimes against humanity, call for prevention of genocide (19 October 2023). Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/gaza-un-experts-decry-bombing-hospitals-and-schools-crimes-against-humanity (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Jon Queally, (22 October 2023) UN Agency Warns Humanitarian Operations on Verge of Total Collapse, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/un-fuel-gaza-hospital-collapse (Accessed: 22 October 2023).

Beatrice Farhat (19 October 2023), Gaza in ‘unprecedented catastrophe’: over 3,700 deaths, 1,524 are children. Al Monitor, Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/gaza-unprecedented-catastrophe-over-3700-deaths-1524-are-children (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

AFP (25 October 2023) UN warns Gaza fuel shortage will stop aid work by end of day, The Business Standard. Available at: https://www.tbsnews.net/hamas-israel-war/un-warns-gaza-fuel-shortage-will-stop-aid-work-end-day-726710 (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Michelle Nichols (24 October 2023) Israel’s military tells UN in Gaza: ask Hamas for fuelReuters. Thomson Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/un-says-no-aid-trucks-enter-gaza-tuesday-2023-10-24/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Rebecca Ratclifee, et al., UN says tens of thousands have fled south in Gaza after Israel’s evacuation order – as it happened (13 October 2023) The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/oct/13/israel-hamas-war-live-updates-news-gaza-palestine-evacuations-military (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

(No date), Israel/occupied Palestinian territory: UN experts deplore attacks on civilians, call for truce and urge international community to address root causes of violence. Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israeloccupied-palestinian-territory-un-experts-deplore-attacks-civilians (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Beatrice Farhat (26 October 2023), Gaza turns to ‘graveyard’ as bombing, siege intensify, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/gaza-turns-graveyard-bombing-siege-intensify (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Anon. (27 October 2023) United Nations votes overwhelmingly in favour of humanitarian truce in Gaza. Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/27/united-nations-votes-overwhelmingly-in-favour-of-humanitarian-truce-in-gaza (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. Israel Angered over UN General Assembly Resolution Calling for Ceasefire in Gaza (28 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-angered-over-unga-resolution-calling-for-ceasefire-in-gaza/ (Accessed: 29 October 2023).

Anon. Israel/occupied Palestinian territory: UN experts deplore attacks on civilians, call for truce and urge international community to address root causes of violence (12 October 2023). Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/israeloccupied-palestinian-territory-un-experts-deplore-attacks-civilians (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Amy Goodman, ‘Genocide’: Top U.N. Official Craig Mokhiber Resigns, Denounces Israeli Assault on Gaza (1 November 2023) Democracy Now. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiGp2mvFLY0. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Anon. (14 November 2023) “UN mourns the deaths of more than 100 aid workers in Gaza, the highest number killed in any conflict in its history,” CNN. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/14/middleeast/united-nations-staff-deaths-gaza-intl-hnk/index.html. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Anon., Israeli Army’s Invasion of Al-Shifa Hospital ‘Totally Unacceptable’ - WHO Director General (15 November 2023) Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-armys-invasion-of-al-shifa-hospital-totally-unacceptable-who-director-general/. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Anon. (15 November 2023), UN Security Council adopts resolution for ‘humanitarian pauses’ in Gaza, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/15/unsc-adopts-resolution-calling-for-extended-humanitarian-pauses. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., ‘Americans Justify Annihilation of the Palestinians’ - Russia’s UN Ambassador (16 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/americans-justify-annihilation-of-the-palestinians-russias-un-ambassador/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

World Health Organization (17 October 2023), “WHO statement on attack on Al Ahli Arab Hospital and reported large-scale casualties, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1714358283354460396. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Oscar Grenfell, UN expert exposes Australian government, media complicity in Gaza genocide (20 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/kmja-n20.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon, More Gaza Children Will Die without Access to Water – UNICEF (22 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/more-gaza-children-will-die-without-access-to-water-unicef/. (Accessed: November 22, 2023).

Tyler Durden, WHO Warns That Disease Poised To Kill More In Gaza Than Bombs (28 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/medical/who-warns-disease-poised-kill-more-gaza-bombs. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Anon., UN Secretary-General Invokes Article 99 - Why and What It Means (6 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/un-secretary-general-invokes-article-99-why-and-what-it-means/. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Arab News (8 December 2023), “US criticizes Israel on Gaza civilian toll as UN to hear ceasefire demand.” Available at: https://www.arabnews.com/node/2422131 (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

António Guterres, People of Gaza ‘Being Told to Move like Human Pinballs’, but Nowhere Is Safe, Secretary-General Tells Security Council, Pleading for Humanitarian Ceasefire (8 December 2023), ReliefWeb. Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/people-gaza-being-told-move-human-pinballs-nowhere-safe-secretary-general-tells-security-council-pleading-humanitarian-ceasefire. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Anon., UN General Assembly Overwhelmingly Votes to Demand Gaza Ceasefire (12 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/un-general-assembly-overwhelmingly-votes-to-demand-gaza-ceasefire/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Mark Goldberg (12 December 2023), Here is Where Every Country Now Stands on a Ceasefire in Gaza, UN Dispatch. Available at: https://undispatch.com/here-is-where-every-country-now-stands-on-a-ceasefire-in-gaza/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (13 December 2023), UN: Gaza ‘catastrophe’ threatens to raise record global displacement, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/13/un-refugee-chief-says-gaza-war-leading-to-catastrophic-displacement (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (2023) Former Army Colonel Ann Wright Condemns Israeli Weapons Sales at UN. Veterans for Peace, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtJg-nGM_w0 (Accessed: December 21, 2023).

Ali Balcı (23 December 2023), Opinion – America’s Strategic Maneuver on Gaza at the United Nations, E-International Relations. Available at: https://www.e-ir.info/2023/12/23/opinion-americas-strategic-maneuver-on-gaza-at-the-united-nations/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Kyle Anzalone (22 December 2023), UN Security Council Passes Diluted Resolution on Gaza War, News From Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2023/12/22/un-security-council-passes-gaza-diluted-resolution-on-gaza-war/ (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Jessica Corbett (20 December 2023), UN Office Details Alleged IDF “Summary Killing” of Gaza Men in Front of Families, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/idf-war-crimes (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon. (20 December 2023), Former Army Colonel Ann Wright Condemns Israeli Weapons Sales at UN. Veterans for Peace, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtJg-nGM_w0 (Accessed: December 26, 2023). (Video, 8:47 min.)

Commission of Inquiry collecting evidence of war crimes committed by all sides in Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories since 7 October 2023 (10 October 2023) OHCHR press release. Available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2023/10/commission-inquiry-collecting-evidence-war-crimes-committed-all-sides-israel (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

Jake Johnson (6 January 2024). UN Relief Chief Says All-Out War Is “Looming Dangerously Close.” Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/news/un-relief-chief-war (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Ali Abunimah (12 February 2024), Too little, too late: UN genocide office breaks silence on Gaza, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/too-little-too-late-un-genocide-office-breaks-silence-gaza (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Al Jazeera (18 February 2024), US signals it will block proposed Gaza ceasefire resolution at UN, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/18/us-signals-it-will-block-proposed-gaza-ceasefire-resolution-at-un (Accessed: February 19, 2024).

Anon., UN rights officials call for Israel arms embargo; FM: They’re cooperating with Hamas (24 February 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/un-rights-officials-call-for-israel-arms-embargo-fm-theyre-cooperating-with-hamas/ (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

Mike Wagenheim, (27 February 2024), After three vetos against Gaza ceasefire, US writes own revised UN resolution, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/after-three-vetos-against-gaza-ceasefire-us-writes-own-revised-un-resolution/ (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

Anon., ‘License to Kill Palestinians’ - Russian UN Envoy Rejects US Res., Calls for Sanctioning Israel (28 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/license-to-kill-palestinians-russian-un-envoy-rejects-us-res-calls-for-sanctioning-israel/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

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International Court of Justice

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Legal Consequences Arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem

Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, in (no date) Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/186 (Accessed: February 17, 2024) (includes case documents).

Request for Advisory Opinion Transmitted to the Court Pursuant to General Assembly Resolution 77/247 of 30 December 2022: Legal Consequences Arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem (30 December 2023), Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/186/186-20230117-REQ-01-00-EN.pdf (Accessed: February 17, 2024).

Anon. (19 February 2024), UN court opens hearings on Israel’s “ongoing occupation,” JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/un-court-opens-hearings-on-israels-ongoing-occupation/ (Accessed: February 19, 2024).

Post-Hearing
•Israel’s Netanyahu says, “No one will stop us; not The Hague, not the axis of evil and not anyone else calling the International Court of Justice (ICJ).”

Mustafa Abu Sneineh, ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 100: Nearly 100,000 Palestinians In Gaza Killed, Injured, Or Missing (14 January 2024).  PopularResistance.Org. Available at: https://popularresistance.org/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-100-nearly-100000-palestinians-killed-injured-or-missing/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Yousef Ramadan (18 January 2024), In the eyes of the world, Israel has lost, The Daily Star. Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Tufan Aktas, South African lawyers preparing lawsuit against US, UK for complicity in Israel’s war crimes in Gaza (15 January 2024) Anadolu Agency. Available at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/south-african-lawyers-preparing-lawsuit-against-us-uk-for-complicity-in-israels-war-crimes-in-gaza/3109201 (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Ali Abunimah (7 February 2024), Citing World Court, Japan firm cuts ties with Israel arms maker, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/citing-world-court-japan-firm-cuts-ties-israel-arms-maker (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

ICJ: Nicaragua requested permission to intervene as a party to the case brought by South Africa against Israel.

Anon., Israel’s 271st Battalion Withdraws (8 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-israels-271st-battalion-withdraws-nasser-hospital-bombarded-israels-war-on-unrwa-norway-to-increase-funds-us-escalates-in-iraq-day-125/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024). See also ICJ press release of the same date at https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20240208-pre-01-00-en.pdf.

Senesipho Schrieber (9 February 2024), Pandor requests extra security from Cele amid threats after Israel genocide case, Business Day. Available at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2024-02-09-watch-extra-security-for-pandor-due-to-threats-after-israel-genocide-case/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Patrick Wintour (10 February 2024), “Israel appears to be in breach of ICJ orders on Gaza, senior UN official says,” The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/10/israel-appears-to-be-in-breach-of-icj-orders-on-gaza-senior-un-official-says (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Anon., 'Continuation of Genocide’ - Hamas Calls on ICJ to Stop Israeli War on Gaza (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/continuation-of-genocide-hamas-calls-on-icj-to-stop-israeli-war-on-gaza/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Anon., Israeli Offensive in Rafah - South Africa Submits Urgent Request to ICJ (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-offensive-in-rafah-south-africa-submits-urgent-request-to-icj/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024). (The request is at https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192.)

Jake Johnson (23 February 2024), US Defends Israeli Occupation at World CourtConsortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/02/23/us-defends-israeli-occupation-at-world-court/ (Accessed: February 24, 2024).

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Case Document Page
International Court of Justice, Legal Consequences arising from the Policies and Practices of Israel in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem (no date) Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/186 (Accessed: January 26, 2024).

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Feb. 19, 2024 Hearing
Another ICJ case involving Israel is set to begin on Feb. 19, a Monday. It's a request for an advisory opinion from the General Assembly. The operative request is:

On 30 December 2022, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted resolution A/RES/77/247, in which, referring to Article 65 of the Statute of the Court, it requested the International Court of Justice to give an advisory opinion. The relevant part of the resolution reads as follows:

“The General Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18. Decides, in accordance with Article 96 of the Charter of the United Nations, to request the International Court of Justice, pursuant 1to Article 65 of the Statute of the Court, to render an advisory opinion on the following questions,

considering the rules and principles of international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, international humanitarian law, international human rights law, relevant resolutions of the Security Council, the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council, and the advisory opinion of the Court of 9 July 2004:

(a) What are the legal consequences arising from the ongoing violation by Israel of the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination, from its prolonged occupation, settlement and annexation of the Palestinian territory occupied since 1967, including measures aimed at altering the demographic composition, character and status of the Holy City of Jerusalem, and from its adoption of related discriminatory legislation and measures?

(b) How do the policies and practices of Israel referred to in paragraph 18 (a) above affect the legal status of the occupation, and what are the legal consequences that arise for all States and the United Nations from this status?”

From a press release at https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/186/186-20231023-pre-01-00-en.pdf.

The African Union has been granted permission to participate, as have the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the League of Arab States. The detailed request from the General Assembly (UNGA 77/247) is reprinted here: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/186/186-20230117-REQ-01-00-EN.pdf.

Because this will be an Advisory Opinion and it is not a participant, Israel will not be bound by it beyond its UN membership. However, the ruling on the responsibility of other states could potentially have a major impact on Israel, particularly in light of the Court's January 26, 2024 ruling in the genocide case.

Press Release (9 February 2024). Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/186/186-20240209-pre-01-00-en.pdf (Accessed: February 17, 2024). (Press release gives instructions and links for viewing the hearing online.)

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Nicaragua v. Germany

Anon., Nicaragua Sues Germany at ICJ over Support to Israel - BREAKING (1 March 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/nicaragua-sues-germany-at-icj-over-support-to-israel-breaking/ (Accessed: March 1, 2024).

Proceedings instituted by the Republic of Nicaragua against the Federal Republic of Germany on 1 March 2024 (no date) Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/193 (Accessed: March 1, 2024). (Case documents.)

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Rules of Court

Rules of Court, as amended, International Court of Justice, Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/rules (Accessed: January 10, 2024). ("Articles amended since 1 July 1978 are marked in this volume with an asterisk and appear in their amended form, with an indication of the date when the amendment entered into force").

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South Africa v. Israel

Application instituting proceedings in the name of the Republic of South Africa (“South Africa”) against the State of Israel (“Israel”). Pursuant to Article 41 of the Statute, the Application includes a request that the Court indicate provisional measures to protect the rights invoked herein from imminent and irreparable loss. (28 December 2023), Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20231228-app-01-00-en.pdf (Accessed: December 30, 2023). (Case documents are stored at https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192.)

Anon., Proceedings instituted by South Africa against the State of Israel on 29 December 2023 (no date), Press release, Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192 (Accessed: January 10, 2024). (Hearing schedule, links to streamed hearing.)

Anon., Crime of Genocide - South Africa Officially Brings War Crimes Charges against Israel at ICC (19 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/crime-of-genocide-south-africa-officially-brings-war-crimes-charges-against-israel-at-icc/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023). (Article incorrectly identifies the International Criminal Court rather than the International Court of Justice; a correction has been requested.)

Anon., Israeli Officials Fear ICJ Could Charge Israel with Genocide in Gaza - Reports (1 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-officials-fear-icj-could-charge-israel-with-genocide-in-gaza-reports/ (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Anon. (29 December 2023), South Africa Launches Case At Top UN Court Accusing Israel Of Genocide In Gaza, HuffPost. Available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/south-africa-israel-gaza-genocide_n_658f17ece4b0cd3cf0e55f00 (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Mike Corder (2 January 2024), South Africa’s genocide case against Israel sets up a high-stakes legal battle at the UN’s top court, AP News. Available at: https://apnews.com/article/un-court-south-africa-israel-gaza-genocide-71be2ce7f09bfee05a7cae26689ee262 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (31 December 2023), Netanyahu rejects claims accusing Israel of genocide in Gaza, Aol.com. Available at: https://www.aol.com/netanyahu-rejects-claims-accusing-israel-232101889.html (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Anon. (1 January 2024), After South African petition, Israel on high alert with growing pressure to file genocide charges, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240101-after-south-african-petition-israel-on-high-alert-with-growing-pressure-to-file-genocide-charges/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Prem Thakker on X: “White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby calls South Africa’s 84-page suit accusing Israel of genocide ‘meritless, counterproductive, and completely without any basis in fact whatsoever.’ Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/prem_thakker/status/1742665626752294951 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (3 January 2024), UN top court to hear genocide case against “Israel” next week, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/un-top-court-to-hear-genocide-case-against--israel--next-wee (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Jacob Magid and Jeremy Sharon, US lambasts “meritless” South African request for ICJ to charge Israel with genocide (4 January 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-lambasts-meritless-south-african-request-for-icj-to-charge-israel-with-genocide/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024). (Alan Dershowitz to represent Israel?)

Jake Johnson (7 January 2024), Israel Accused of “Effort to Intimidate the Judges” Ahead of Genocide Hearings. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-south-africa-genocide (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Melissa Garriga (6 January 2024). As US Backs Gaza Genocide, “Grassroots Diplomats” Rally Support for South Africa Case. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/gaza-genocide-south-africa (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Anon., John Mearsheimer: Genocide in Gaza. (5 January 2024). Israel Palestine News. https://israelpalestinenews.org/john-mearsheimer-genocide-gaza/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Julia Conley (1 January 2024). As Death Toll in Gaza Rises, Israeli Officials Fear Possible Genocide Charges at ICJ. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-icj-genocide (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Seliman Aksunger (6 January 2024), Israel’s violations in Gaza to be examined by international courts in The Hague, Anadalou Agency, retrieved January 8, 2024, from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/israels-violations-in-gaza-to-be-examined-by-international-courts-in-the-hague/3101769. (Detailed breakdown of relevant jurisdictions of the ICC and IJC.)

Umar Farooqm, Kirby calls South Africa’s genocide accusations against Israel ‘meritless.’ (6 January 2024). Information Clearing House.Info. https://informationclearinghouse.blog/2024/01/06/kirby-calls-south-africas-genocide-accusations-against-israel-meritless/15/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Anon. (8 January 2024), Ray McGovern: Will CIA help BiBi? Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRkUx4Kbv6E (Accessed: January 9, 2024). (Detailed discussion of South Africa's case against Israel and possible ramifications.)

Jon Queally (8 January 2024), To Defend Israel as “Moral Society,” Knesset Member Backs South Africa’s ICJ Genocide Case, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/ofer-cassif-icj-genocide-case (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Own Jones (5 January 2024), This lawyer reveals why Israel’s Gaza onslaught could be stopped by genocide case. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8raPPzme0s (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Rorisang Kgosana (5 January 2024), The ‘A-team’ lawyers representing South Africa at the world court against Israel, TimesLIVE. Available at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2024-01-05-the-a-team-lawyers-representing-south-africa-at-the-world-court-against-israel/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Henry Bodkin (5 January 2024), British barrister to represent Israel against genocide claims, The Telegraplh, Msn.com. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/british-barrister-to-represent-israel-against-genocide-claims/ar-AA1mtpCR (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Isabel Kershner (8 January 2024), “Israel Picks Holocaust Survivor Judge for Genocide Case, Surprising Some,” The New York Times, 8 January. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/08/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-genocide-case-judge-barak.html (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Paddy Harper (5 January 2024), Dikgang Moseneke appointed to bench for SA genocide case against Israel, The Mail & Guardian. Available at: https://mg.co.za/news/2024-01-05-dikgang-moseneke-appointed-to-bench-for-sa-genocide-case-against-israel/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Muhammed Jalal (2 January 2024), Ep. 129 - The Lawyer Prosecuting the West and Israel - Tayab Ali, The Thinking Muslim. Available at: https://www.thinkingmuslim.com/podcast/tayab-ali (Accessed: January 10, 2024). (Excellent video discussion of the larger legal issues involved in the pending case.)

Anon., Canadian government issued with notice of intention to seek prosecution of Canadian politicians for complicity in war crimes in Gaza (16 November 2024), Icjpalestine.com. Available at: https://www.icjpalestine.com/2023/11/16/canadian-government-issued-with-notice-of-intention-to-seek-prosecution-of-canadian-politicians-for-complicity-in-war-crimes-in-gaza/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

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Post-Hearing
  • Israel’s Netanyahu says, “No one will stop us; not The Hague, not the axis of evil and not anyone else calling the International Court of Justice (ICJ).”

Mustafa Abu Sneineh, ‘Operation Al-Aqsa Flood’ Day 100: Nearly 100,000 Palestinians In Gaza Killed, Injured, Or Missing (14 January 2024).  PopularResistance.Org. Available at: https://popularresistance.org/operation-al-aqsa-flood-day-100-nearly-100000-palestinians-killed-injured-or-missing/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Yousef Ramadan (18 January 2024), In the eyes of the world, Israel has lostThe Daily Star. Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Tufan Aktas, South African lawyers preparing lawsuit against US, UK for complicity in Israel’s war crimes in Gaza (15 January 2024) Anadolu Agency. Available at: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/south-african-lawyers-preparing-lawsuit-against-us-uk-for-complicity-in-israels-war-crimes-in-gaza/3109201 (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Ali Abunimah (7 February 2024), Citing World Court, Japan firm cuts ties with Israel arms makerThe Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/citing-world-court-japan-firm-cuts-ties-israel-arms-maker (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

ICJ: Nicaragua requested permission to intervene as a party to the case brought by South Africa against Israel.

Anon., Israel’s 271st Battalion Withdraws (8 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/gaza-live-blog-israels-271st-battalion-withdraws-nasser-hospital-bombarded-israels-war-on-unrwa-norway-to-increase-funds-us-escalates-in-iraq-day-125/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024). See also ICJ press release of the same date at https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20240208-pre-01-00-en.pdf.

Senesipho Schrieber (9 February 2024), Pandor requests extra security from Cele amid threats after Israel genocide case, Business Day. Available at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2024-02-09-watch-extra-security-for-pandor-due-to-threats-after-israel-genocide-case/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Patrick Wintour (10 February 2024), “Israel appears to be in breach of ICJ orders on Gaza, senior UN official says,” The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/10/israel-appears-to-be-in-breach-of-icj-orders-on-gaza-senior-un-official-says (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Anon., 'Continuation of Genocide’ - Hamas Calls on ICJ to Stop Israeli War on Gaza (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/continuation-of-genocide-hamas-calls-on-icj-to-stop-israeli-war-on-gaza/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Israeli Offensive in Rafah - South Africa Submits Urgent Request to ICJ (12 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-offensive-in-rafah-south-africa-submits-urgent-request-to-icj/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024). (The request is at https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192.)

Anon., Israel has killed over 3,800 Gazans in 4 weeks since ICJ genocide ruling – Day 140 (24 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/israel-has-killed-over-3800-gazans-in-4-weeks-since-icj-genocide-ruling-day-140/ (Accessed: February 24, 2024).

Jake Johnson (26 February 2024), One Month Later, Israel Has “Simply Ignored” ICJ Ruling and Continued to Starve Gazans, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-violating-icj-order (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

Anon., Aid delivery to Gaza falls by half since January: UNRWA (26 February 2024), UN News. Available at: https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/02/1146947 (Accessed: February 26, 2024).

Anon., Israel Files Report Back One Month after ICJ Ruling to Prevent Genocide (2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israel-files-report-back-one-month-after-icj-ruling-to-prevent-genocide/ (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

Anon., One Month after the ICJ Order, Israel Continues its 142 Day-Long Genocide on Gaza (26 February 2024), Al-Haq. Available at: https://www.alhaq.org/advocacy/22742.html (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

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Prelude to Hearing
Application instituting proceedings in the name of the Republic of South Africa (“South Africa”) against the State of Israel (“Israel”). Pursuant to Article 41 of the Statute, the Application includes a request that the Court indicate provisional measures to protect the rights invoked herein from imminent and irreparable loss. (28 December 2023), Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20231228-app-01-00-en.pdf (Accessed: December 30, 2023). (Case documents are stored at https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192.)

Anon., Proceedings instituted by South Africa against the State of Israel on 29 December 2023 (no date), Press release, Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/case/192 (Accessed: January 10, 2024). (Hearing schedule, links to streamed hearing.)

Anon., Crime of Genocide - South Africa Officially Brings War Crimes Charges against Israel at ICC (19 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/crime-of-genocide-south-africa-officially-brings-war-crimes-charges-against-israel-at-icc/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023). (Article incorrectly identifies the International Criminal Court rather than the International Court of Justice; a correction has been requested.)

Anon., Israeli Officials Fear ICJ Could Charge Israel with Genocide in Gaza - Reports (1 January 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-officials-fear-icj-could-charge-israel-with-genocide-in-gaza-reports/ (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Anon. (29 December 2023), South Africa Launches Case At Top UN Court Accusing Israel Of Genocide In Gaza, HuffPost. Available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/south-africa-israel-gaza-genocide_n_658f17ece4b0cd3cf0e55f00 (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Mike Corder (2 January 2024), South Africa’s genocide case against Israel sets up a high-stakes legal battle at the UN’s top court, AP News. Available at: https://apnews.com/article/un-court-south-africa-israel-gaza-genocide-71be2ce7f09bfee05a7cae26689ee262 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (31 December 2023), Netanyahu rejects claims accusing Israel of genocide in Gaza, Aol.com. Available at: https://www.aol.com/netanyahu-rejects-claims-accusing-israel-232101889.html (Accessed: January 1, 2024).

Anon. (1 January 2024), After South African petition, Israel on high alert with growing pressure to file genocide charges, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240101-after-south-african-petition-israel-on-high-alert-with-growing-pressure-to-file-genocide-charges/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Prem Thakker on X: “White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby calls South Africa’s 84-page suit accusing Israel of genocide ‘meritless, counterproductive, and completely without any basis in fact whatsoever.’ Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/prem_thakker/status/1742665626752294951 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (3 January 2024), UN top court to hear genocide case against “Israel” next week, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/un-top-court-to-hear-genocide-case-against--israel--next-wee (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Jacob Magid and Jeremy Sharon, US lambasts “meritless” South African request for ICJ to charge Israel with genocide (4 January 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-lambasts-meritless-south-african-request-for-icj-to-charge-israel-with-genocide/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024). (Alan Dershowitz to represent Israel?)

Jake Johnson (7 January 2024), Israel Accused of “Effort to Intimidate the Judges” Ahead of Genocide Hearings. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-south-africa-genocide (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Melissa Garriga (6 January 2024). As US Backs Gaza Genocide, “Grassroots Diplomats” Rally Support for South Africa Case. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/gaza-genocide-south-africa (Accessed: January 7, 2024).

Anon., John Mearsheimer: Genocide in Gaza. (5 January 2024). Israel Palestine News. https://israelpalestinenews.org/john-mearsheimer-genocide-gaza/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Julia Conley (1 January 2024). As Death Toll in Gaza Rises, Israeli Officials Fear Possible Genocide Charges at ICJ. Common Dreams. https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-icj-genocide (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Seliman Aksunger (6 January 2024), Israel’s violations in Gaza to be examined by international courts in The Hague, Anadalou Agency, retrieved January 8, 2024, from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/world/israels-violations-in-gaza-to-be-examined-by-international-courts-in-the-hague/3101769. (Detailed breakdown of relevant jurisdictions of the ICC and IJC.)

Umar Farooqm, Kirby calls South Africa’s genocide accusations against Israel ‘meritless.’ (6 January 2024). Information Clearing House.Info. https://informationclearinghouse.blog/2024/01/06/kirby-calls-south-africas-genocide-accusations-against-israel-meritless/15/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Anon. (8 January 2024), Ray McGovern: Will CIA help BiBi? Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRkUx4Kbv6E (Accessed: January 9, 2024). (Detailed discussion of South Africa's case against Israel and possible ramifications.)

Jon Queally (8 January 2024), To Defend Israel as “Moral Society,” Knesset Member Backs South Africa’s ICJ Genocide Case, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/ofer-cassif-icj-genocide-case (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Own Jones (5 January 2024), This lawyer reveals why Israel’s Gaza onslaught could be stopped by genocide case. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8raPPzme0s (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Rorisang Kgosana (5 January 2024), The ‘A-team’ lawyers representing South Africa at the world court against Israel, TimesLIVE. Available at: https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2024-01-05-the-a-team-lawyers-representing-south-africa-at-the-world-court-against-israel/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Henry Bodkin (5 January 2024), British barrister to represent Israel against genocide claims, The Telegraplh, Msn.com. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/british-barrister-to-represent-israel-against-genocide-claims/ar-AA1mtpCR (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Isabel Kershner (8 January 2024), “Israel Picks Holocaust Survivor Judge for Genocide Case, Surprising Some,” The New York Times, 8 January. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/08/world/middleeast/israel-gaza-genocide-case-judge-barak.html (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

P1addy Harper (5 January 2024), Dikgang Moseneke 1appointed to bench for SA genocide case against Israel, The Mail & Guardian. Available at: https://mg.co.za/news/2024-01-05-dikgang-moseneke-appointed-to-bench-for-sa-genocide-case-against-israel/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Muhammed Jalal (2 January 2024), Ep. 129 - The Lawyer Prosecuting the West and Israel - Tayab Ali, The Thinking Muslim. Available at: https://www.thinkingmuslim.com/podcast/tayab-ali (Accessed: January 10, 2024). (Excellent video discussion of the larger legal issues involved in the pending case.)

Gareth Porter (11 January 2024), What Israel Faces at The HagueScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2024/01/11/what-israel-faces-at-the-hague/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Pepe Escobar, BRICS member South Africa takes Zionism to court (10 January 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles-id/18338 (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Barak Ravid (5 January 2024), Inside Israel’s plan to quash South Africa’s Gaza genocide caseAxios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2024/01/05/south-africa-gaza-genocide-icj-israel-plan (Accessed: February 12, 2024).

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Related Cases: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)
(1) that under the circumstances set forth above, Bosnia and Herzegovina has the sovereign right under United Nations Charter Article 51 and customary international law to request the immediate assistance of any State to come to its defence, including by military means (weapons, equipment, supplies, troops, etc.) ;



(p) that pursuant to the right of collective self-defence recognized by United Nations Charter Article 5 1, all other States parties to the Charter have the right to come to the immediate defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina — at its request — including by means of immediately providing it with weapons, military equipment and supplies, and armed forces (soldiers, sailors, airpeople, etc.);

(4) that Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and its agents and surrogates are under an obligation to cease and desist immediately from its breaches of the foregoing legal obligations, and is under a particular duty to cease and desist immediately : — from its systematic practice of so-called 'ethnic cleansing' of the citizens and sovereign territory of Bosnia and Henegovina;

— from the murder, summary execution, torture, rape, kidnapping, mayhem, wounding, physical and mental abuse, and detention of the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina;

— from the wanton — devastation of villages, towns, districts, cities, and religious institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina;

— from the bombardment of civilian population centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and especially its capital, Sarajevo;

— from continuing the siege of any civilian population centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and especially its capital, Sarajevo;

— from the starvation of the civilian population in Bosnia and Herzegovina;

— from the interruption of, interference with, or harassment of humanitarian relief supplies to the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina by the international community;

— from all use of force — whether direct or indirect, overt or covert — against Bosnia and Herzegovina, and from all threats of force against Bosnia and Herzegovina;

— from all violations of the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina, including all intervention, direct or indirect, in the internal affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina;

— from all support of any kind — including the provision of training, arms, ammunition, finances, supplies, assistance, direction or any other form of support — to any nation, group, organization, movement or individual engaged or planning to engage in military or paramilitary actions in or against Bosnia and Herzegovina;

(r) that Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) has an obligation to pay Bosnia and Herzegovina, in its own right and as parens patriae for its citizens, reparations for damages to persons and property as well as to the Bosnian economy and environment caused by the foregoing violations of international law in a sum to be determined by the Court. Bosnia and Herzegovina reserves the right to introduce to the Court a precise evaluation of the damages caused by Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro);

Case Concerning Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro)) Request for the Indication of Provisional Measures, Order of 8 April 1993, https://icj—cij.org/sites/default/files/case—related/91/091—19930408—ORD—01—00—EN.pdf

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Related Cases: Defense for Children v. Biden
Umar Farooq, Israel-Palestine war: Palestinians sue Biden for failing to prevent “unfolding genocide” in Gaza (14 November 2023). Middle East Eye. Retrieved January 8, 2024, from https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-war-palestinians-sue-biden-failing-prevent-unfolding-genocide-gaza


PRAYER FOR RELIEF

For the foregoing reasons, Plaintiffs request that the Court:

a. Declare that Defendants have violated their duty under customary international law, as part of
federal common law, to take all measures within their power to prevent Israel from committing
genocide against the Palestinian people of Gaza;

b. Declare that Defendants have violated their duty under customary international law, as part of
federal common law, that prohibits their complicity in genocide by knowingly continuing to
provide assistance that enables and facilitates Israel’s commission of genocidal acts against the
Palestinian people of Gaza.

c. Issue injunctive relief ordering Defendants to take all measures within their power to prevent
Israel’s commission of genocidal acts against the Palestinian people of Gaza, including but not
limited to:

i. Order Defendants to take all measures within their power to exert influence over Israel to end its bombing of the Palestinian people of Gaza, resulting in mass killing and serious injury;

ii. Order defendants to take all measures within their power to exert influence over Israel to lift the siege on Gaza, including allowing all electricity, fuel, food, water, and humanitarian aid into Gaza;

iii. Order defendants to take all measures within their power to exert influence over Israel to prevent the "evacuation" or forcible transfer and expulsion of Palestinians from Gaza, and ensure freedom of movement;

d. Issue injunctive relief enjoining defendants from aiding, abetting, enabling, or facilitating Israel's commission of genocidal acts against the Palestinian people of Gaza, including but not limited to:

i. Enjoin Defendants from providing, facilitating, or coordinating military assistance or financing to Israel, from initiating, acting upon, continuing, expediting, or completing sales, transfers, or delivery of weapons or arms to Israel, and from providing military equipment and personnel, advancing Israel's commission of genocidal acts;

ii. Enjoin Defendants from obstructing attempts by the international community, including at the United Nations, to implement a ceasefire in Gaza and lift the siege on Gaza.

e. Grant any other and further relief as the Court deems appropriate and necessary.

Defense for Children International v. Biden, (U.S.D.C. N.D. Cal.), Complaint of 13 November 2023. https://ccrjustice.org/sites/default/files/attach/2023/11/Complaint_DCI-Pal-v-Biden_ww.pdf (Accessed January 8, 2024). See also other case documents at https://ccrjustice.org/home/what-we-do/our-cases/defense-children-international-palestine-v-biden.

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The Hearing
WATCH: Day 1 of SA v Israel on Genocide at World Court (11 January 2024) Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/10/watch-day-1-of-sa-v-israel-on-genocide-at-world-court/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024); see also transcript at https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20240111-ora-01-00-bi.pdf.

WATCH: Day 2 of SA v Israel on Genocide at World Court (12 January 2024) Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/12/watch-day-2-of-sa-v-israel-on-genocide-at-world-court/ (Accessed: January 12, 2024). See also transcript at https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/case-related/192/192-20240112-ora-01-00-bi.pdf.

Craig Murray, Craig Murray: Your Man in The Hague — Day 1  (12 January 2024), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/12/craig-murray-your-man-in-the-hague-day-1/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Craig Murray, Craig Murray, Your Man in The Hague — Day 2 (15 February 2024), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/15/craig-murray-your-man-in-the-hague-day-2/ (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

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Statute of the International Court of Justice

Statute of the Court Of Justice (no date), International Court of Justice, Icj-cij.org. Available at: https://www.icj-cij.org/statute (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

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Ukraine v. Russia

World court rejects bulk of Ukraine’s terrorism charges against Russia (31 January 2024), UN News. Available at: https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/01/1146107 (Accessed: February 1, 2024).

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Partition Plan

Allison Weir, The Real Story of How Israel Was Created (It wasn’t the UN) (30 November 2017), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/real-story-israel-created-wasnt-un/ (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

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UNRWA

Anon., Voltaire Network (2024) Israel destroys UNRWA to prevent enforcement of ICJ order, Voltaire Network. Available at: https://www.voltairenet.org/article220378.html (Accessed: February 6, 2024).

Jonathan Cook (31 January 2024), By Hurting UN Agency, the West Sides With Genocide, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/01/31/by-hurting-un-agency-the-west-sides-with-genocide/ (Accessed: February 1, 2024).

Mike Whitney (28 January 2024), US-Israel Implement Plan to Cut Food, Water and Medicine to Gaza, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/us-israel-implement-plan-to-cut-food-water-and-medicine-to-gaza/ (Accessed: February 2, 2024).

Jamal Kanj, Defunding UNRWA: The Last Phase of Israeli Genocide (5 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/defunding-unrwa-the-last-phase-of-israeli-genocide/ (Accessed: February 5, 2024).

Jake Johnson (2 February 2024), Israel Bombed Belgian Aid Office in Gaza After Nation Refused to Halt UNRWA Funding, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-belgium-unrwa (Accessed: February 6, 2024).

A number of Western media outlets have come forward to say that the 'evidence' provided to them by "Israel" regarding UNRWA being affiliated with Hamas and partaking in Operation Al Aqsa Flood on October 7 contains no real evidence that implicates the UN agency.

Anon. (8 February 2024), Western media dispute Israeli claim of UNRWA involvement on Oct. 7, Al Mayadeen English. Available at: https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/western-media-dispute-israeli-claim-of-unrwa-involvement-on (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Middle East Monitor (9 February 2024), US will not restart UNRWA aid until investigation completed - officials, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240209-us-will-not-restart-unrwa-aid-until-investigation-completed-officials/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Ariel Kahana, Right beneath UNRWA’s headquarters: Israel Hayom gets inside look into Hamas’ servers (11 February 2024), www.israelhayom.com. Available at: https://www.israelhayom.com/2024/02/11/just-beneath-unrwas-headquarters-israel-hayom-gets-inside-look-into-hamas-server-farm/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).





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U.S.

Contents     

      In-Box
      Congress
      Executive Branch
      Influence on Israel
      Judicial Branch
      Polls
      Relationship to Ukraine War
      Support for Israel
      U.S. Intelligence Failure
      War Against Iranian Proxies
      War Against Syria?
      
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In-Box

Brian Finucane and Michael Hanna, Don’t Rely on U.S. Law to Prevent Escalation in the Middle East (24 October 2023) War on the Rocks. Available at: https://warontherocks.com/2023/10/dont-rely-on-u-s-law-to-prevent-escalation-in-the-middle-east/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Anon., Joint Statement on Israel (22 October 2023) United States Government. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/10/22/joint-statement-on-israel-2/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Kayla Bartsch (25 October 2023) Israel Agrees to Delay Gaza Ground Invasion until U.S. Can Deploy Air-Defense Systems, National Review. Available at: https://www.nationalreview.com/news/israel-agrees-to-delay-gaza-ground-invasion-until-u-s-can-deploy-air-defense-systems/ (Accessed: 25 October 2023).

Elizabeth Hagedorn (24 October 2023) In a first, Blinken backs possible ‘humanitarian pause’ in Gaza, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/first-blinken-backs-possible-humanitarian-pause-gaza#ixzz8H648XaX2 (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Micaela Burrow (25 October 2023) Biden’s Nat Sec Adviser Claimed Admin Had ‘Restored’ Relations Between Gaza, Israel Days Before Attacks, The Daily Caller. The Daily Caller. Available at: https://dailycaller.com/2023/10/25/bidens-nat-sec-adviser-claimed-admin-had-restored-relations-between-gaza-israel-days-before-attacks/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023).

Steve Holland and Jeff Mason (27 October 2023) US not drawing red lines for Israel, White House says, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/us-not-drawing-red-lines-israel-white-house-2023-10-27/ (Accessed: 28 October 2023).

Anon. (29 October 2023),  Live Updates: US warns Iran against targeting its forces, Israel and Hezbollah trade fire as Gaza war rages, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/live-updates-us-warns-iran-against-targeting-its-forces-israel-and-hezbollah (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Brett Wilkins (26 October 2023), Biden Accused of ‘Genocide Denial’ After Gaslighting Victims of Israel’s Gaza Slaughter
Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/gaza-death-toll (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Ari Rabinovitch and John Davison (13 October 2023) U.S. ready to send more military aid to Israel, says Austin, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/us-ready-send-more-military-aid-israel-says-austin-2023-10-13/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Mitchell Plitnick (20 October 2023) Biden’s Mideast policy implodesMondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/bidens-mideast-policy-implodes/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Doina Chiacu (29 October 2023), US urges Israel to protect civilians, increase aid to Gaza, Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/us-asking-israel-hard-questions-gaza-military-assault-white-house-2023-10-29/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Zachary Leeman (29 October 2023) Netanyahu Has ‘Responsibility’ to ‘Rein In Extremist Settlers,’ Warns Biden Official, The Messenger. Available at: https://themessenger.com/politics/netanyahu-has-responsibility-to-rein-in-extremist-settlers-warns-biden-official (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Ramzy Baroud (29 October 2023), The Gaza Manifesto: Why America’s Old Middle East is Crumbling. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/the-gaza-manifesto-why-americas-old-middle-east-is-crumbling/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Dave DeCamp (25 October 2023) House Approves Resolution Backing Israel in New Speaker’s First Move, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2023/10/25/house-approves-resolution-backing-israel-in-new-speakers-first-move/ (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

James Gregory and Frank Gardner (28 October 2023), US strikes Syria bases used by Iran-linked groups, BBC. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67236438 (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

S.Res.418 — 118th Congress (2023-2024), A resolution condemning Hamas and antisemitic student activities on college campuses in the United States. Available at: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-resolution/418?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%22S.Res.418%22%7D&s=2&r=1. (Accessed: 30 October 2023). (Passed/agreed to in Senate on 26 October 2023 without amendment and with a preamble by Voice Vote) (includes murder of infants and rape false claims.)

Patrick Wintour, US looks isolated after opposing UN resolution on Gaza truce (2023) The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/28/gaza-israel-truce-un-resolution-us (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Tovah Lazaroff (29 October 2023), Israel must distinguish between Hamas terrorists and Gaza civilians, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-770730. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

Anon. (30 October 2023), Human shields do not 'lessen' Israel's responsibility to protect civilians: US, ANI News, Available at: https://www.aninews.in/news/world/middle-east/human-shields-do-not-lessen-israels-responsibility-to-protect-civilians-us20231030135823/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Georgia Pearce (10 October 2023) Biden’s insistence on Israel-Hamas intervention has ‘created CHAOS’, blasts Colonel Douglas Macgregor, GB News. Available at: https://www.gbnews.com/news/israel-hamas-war-intervention-us-created-chaos-douglas-macgregor (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Aaron Bandler (11 October 2023), ADL: At Least 39 Anti-Israel Protests in American Cities Following Hamas Surprise Attack, Jewish Journal. Available at: https://jewishjournal.com/community/363725/adl-at-least-39-anti-israel-protests-in-american-cities-following-hamas-surprise-attack/. (Accessed: 31 October 2023).

Tyler Durden (1 November 2023) US Sends 300 More Troops To Middle East, Raising Total To 1,200ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-sends-300-more-troops-middle-east-raising-total-1200. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Tyler Durden (2 November 2023), US Mulling ‘Day After’ Hamas, Including An International Peacekeeping Force In Gaza, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-mulling-day-after-hamas-including-international-peacekeeping-force-gaza. (Accessed: 3 November 2023).

Reuters, Biden says 74 Americans with dual citizenship evacuated from Gaza (2 November 2023), The Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/02/americans-evacuated-gaza-strip-egypt (Accessed: 3 November 2023).

Ethan Baron (2 November 2023), Bay Area woman trapped in Gaza sues U.S. officials over failure to evacuate U.S. citizens, East Bay Times. Available at: https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2023/11/02/bay-area-woman-trapped-in-gaza-sues-u-s-officials-over-failure-to-evacuate-u-s-citizens/ (Accessed: 3 November 2023).

Tyler Durden (2 November 2023), US Mulling ‘Day After’ Hamas, Including An International Peacekeeping Force In Gaza, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-mulling-day-after-hamas-including-international-peacekeeping-force-gaza (Accessed: 4 November 2023).

Anon. (1 November 2023), US special forces assisting Israel in Gaza conflict: Reports, The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/us-special-forces-assisting-israel-in-gaza-conflict-reports. (Accessed: 4 November 2023.)

Dave Lawler and Barak Ravid (4 November 2023), Biden's "war cabinet": The key people advising him on the Israel-Hamas war, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/11/04/biden-advisers-israel-hamas-war-blinken-harris (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon. (4 November 2023), U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey Call for ‘Full, Rapid, Safe, and Unhindered Humanitarian Assistance’ in Gaza, ‘Unconditional Release’ of Hostages, Sierra Sun Times. Available at: https://goldrushcam.com/sierrasuntimes/index.php/news/local-news/51148-u-s-senators-elizabeth-warren-and-ed-markey-call-for-full-rapid-safe-and-unhindered-humanitarian-assistance-in-gaza-unconditional-release-of-hostages (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon. (2 November 2023), Protester prompts Biden to abruptly change Middle East policy, WND. Available at: https://www.wnd.com/2023/11/protester-prompts-biden-abruptly-change-middle-east-policy/. (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

First, the Times of Israel reported that the Biden administration has pushed Israel to slow-roll its Gaza ground invasion. “The Americans insisted and we are not in a place where we can refuse them. We rely on them for planes and military equipment. What are we supposed to do? Tell them no?” the Israeli minister of Defense [Yoav Gallant] was quoted as saying.


Sumantra Maitra (1 November 2023). Is this Enough of a Measure of Decline?, The American Conservative. Available at: https://www.theamericanconservative.com/is-this-enough-of-a-measure-of-decline/. (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Anon., Zinke Introduces Bill to Expel Palestinians from the United States (2 November 2023). Representative Ryan Zinke. Available at: https://zinke.house.gov/media/press-releases/zinke-introduces-bill-expel-palestinians-united-states (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Yasmeen Abutaleb, White House frustrated by Israel’s onslaught but sees few options (5 November 2023). The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/05/white-house-resigned-israel-onslaught-gaza/. (Accessed: 7 November 2023).

Yves Smith (18 October 2023) Biden Gets Zelensky Treatment in Middle East as Israel Tries to EscalateNaked Capitalism. Available at: https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2023/10/biden-gets-zelensky-treatment-in-middle-east-as-israel-tries-to-escalate.html. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Barack Obama (23 October 2023), Thoughts on Israel and GazaMedium. Available at: https://barackobama.medium.com/my-statement-on-israel-and-gaza-a6c397f09a30. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Dave DeCamp, Top US General: Israel Killing Civilians Will Help Hamas Recruit (10 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/military/top-us-general-israel-killing-civilians-will-help-hamas-recruit. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Reuters (12 November 2023), US does not want to see firefights in Gaza hospitals -Sullivan says, Devdiscourse. Available at: https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/law-order/2710537-us-does-not-want-to-see-firefights-in-gaza-hospitals--sullivan-says. (Accessed: November 13, 20 23).

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Congress

H.Res.845 - Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. (6 November 2023). Available at: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-resolution/845/text. (Accessed: 8 November 2023) ("11/07/2023 Passed/agreed to in House: On agreeing to the resolution Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 234 - 188, 4 Present (Roll no. 622)").  
    
Congress.gov. "Actions - S.Res.418 - 118th Congress (2023-2024): A resolution condemning Hamas and antisemitic student activities on college campuses in the United States." October 26, 2023. https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-resolution/418/actions (10/26/2023) Passed/agreed to in Senate: Resolution agreed to in Senate without amendment and with a preamble by Voice Vote. (text: 10/19/2023 CR S5113).

Sarah Fortinsky (8 November 2023), “Congressional staffers hold vigil calling for cease-fire at Capitol,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/homenews/house/4300664-congressional-staffers-hold-vigil-ceasefire-capitol/ (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Gus Contreras, et al (13 November 2023) Proposed congressional spending plan leaves out military aid for Ukraine and Israel, NHPR. Available at: https://www.nhpr.org/2023-11-13/proposed-congressional-spending-plan-leaves-out-military-aid-for-ukraine-and-israel. (Accessed: November 14, 2023).

New York Daily News (27 November 2023), Members of Congress skeptical on passing funding for Israel, Ukraine, southern border anytime soon, Marianas Variety News & Views. Available at: https://www.mvariety.com/news/national/members-of-congress-skeptical-on-passing-funding-for-israel-ukraine-southern-border-anytime-soon/article_4d4c0acc-8ce5-11ee-a761-c3230d0df64a.html. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

Barry Grey, Bernie Sanders: The left face of genocide (29 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/30/ylzz-n30.html. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Jacob Crosse, Democratic Majority Leader Schumer libels anti-genocide student protesters as “aiders and abettors” of antisemitism (29 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/30/ocdz-n30.html. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Anon., US lawmakers vote to “permanently freeze” $6bn in Iranian funds (1 December 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/us-lawmakers-vote-to-permanently-freeze-6bn-in-iranian-funds. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

U.S. Tour of Duty (4 December 2023), Pat Buchanan and Scott agree that Congress is bought by Israel. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0acu5Ew3C7o. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Brian Bushard (5 December 2023), House Passes Resolution Declaring Anti-Zionism A Form Of Antisemitism—Some Democrats Are Critical, Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/brianbushard/2023/12/05/house-passes-resolution-declaring-anti-zionism-a-form-of-antisemitism-some-democrats-are-critical/?sh=4b81a9301e74 (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Joan Greve and Patrick Wintour (6 December 2023), “Senate Republicans block funding bill that included aid for Ukraine and Israel,” The Guardian, 6 December. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/dec/06/republicans-ukraine-funding. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Mitchell Plitnick (6 December 2023), Two dangerous bills in Congress take aim at Palestine solidarity, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/two-dangerous-bills-in-congress-take-aim-at-palestine-solidarity/. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Jake Johnson (15 December 2023), Sanders Resolution Aims to Have US “Reckon With Its Complicity” in Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/sanders-cut-off-israel-aid. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon., Netanyahu is ‘Genocidal Maniac’ - US Congresswoman (29 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/netanyahu-is-genocidal-maniac-us-congresswoman/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Alan McLeod, Blood Money: The Top Ten Politicians Taking the Most Israel Lobby Cash (undated, circa 1 January 2024), Mint Press News. Available at: https://informationclearinghouse.blog/2024/01/02/blood-money-the-top-ten-politicians-taking-the-most-israel-lobby-cash/ (Accessed: January 3, 2024).

Anon. (3 January 2024), In latest indictment, Sen. Bob Menendez accused of receiving Qatari bribes, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/in-latest-indictment-sen-bob-menendez-accused-of-receiving-qatari-bribes/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Jake Johnson (7 February 2024), Israel Aid Bill Fails in House as Progressives Slam “Blank Check for Netanyahu,” Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/israel-aid-house (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Anon., US lawmakers want full review of South Africa ties for “siding with Hamas” (12 February 2024), The Cradle. Available at: https://thecradle.co/articles/us-lawmakers-want-full-review-of-south-africa-ties-for-siding-with-hamas (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Ryan Grim (13 February 2024), Dem Senator Calls Israeli Leadership “War Criminals,” Votes to Send Them $14 Billion Anyway, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2024/02/13/gaza-israel-congress-aid-hind-rajab/ (Accessed: February 13, 2024).

Molly Redden (9 November 2023), ‘The Phone Doesn’t Stop’: Overwhelming Demands For A Cease-Fire Catch Democrats Off Guard, HuffPost. Available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/calls-for-congress-ceasefire-gaza-israel_n_654d4d0ce4b0373d70b16b0f (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Members of Congress have reportedly been ignoring their constituents’ opinions on Israel, and overwhelmingly support it in many ways – even though Israel spies on the US, steals our technology, sabotages our economy, tried to sink a Navy ship, and has a long record of violent human rights abuses.

Anon., Israeli military reportedly invited spectators to watch torture of Palestinians – Day 129 (13 February 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/israeli-military-reportedly-invited-spectators-watch-torture-palestinians-day-129/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Anon. (25 February 2024), ‘Disgrace’’: US House speaker slams Biden’s policy on “settlements’’,”’ JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/disgrace-us-house-speaker-slams-bidens-policy-on-settlements/ (Accessed: February 25, 2024).

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Executive Branch

Tyler Pager, et al (no date) “Biden, in Tel Aviv, backs Israel’s claim of innocence on hospital blast.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/10/18/biden-israel-hospital-netanyahu/ or https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/10/18/biden-israel-hospital-netanyahu/. (Accessed: November 20, 2023). (Includes Biden-Netanyhu bear hug photo.)

Kyle Feldscher, (15 October 2023) Biden warns Israel against occupying Gaza as ground invasion appears near. Cable News Network. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/15/politics/biden-60-minutes-interview-gaza-israel/index.html (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

TOI Staff and Jacob Magid, (23 October 1970) US said concerned Israel lacks achievable goals for Gaza op and that IDF not ready, The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-said-concerned-israel-lacks-achievable-goals-for-gaza-op-and-that-idf-not-ready/ (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

France 24 (24 October 2023) Biden says can ‘talk’ about Israel-Hamas ceasefire only after hostages freed, France 24. Available at: https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20231023-biden-says-can-talk-about-israel-hamas-ceasefire-only-after-hostages-freed (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

Tyler Durden, FBI Director Warns Threat Of Attacks By Hamas On American Soil Raised “To A Whole Other Level” (31 October 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/fbi-director-warns-imminent-attacks-hamas-american-soil. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), “Will America pull the plug on Israel’s invasion of Gaza?,” The Economist, 7 November. Available at: https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2023/11/07/will-america-pull-the-plug-on-israels-invasion-of-gaza. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Jake Johnson (9 November 2023), “No Possibility” of Gaza Cease-Fire, Biden Says as 500+ Former Staffers Demand One, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/no-possibility-of-gaza-cease-fire-biden-says-as-500-former-staffers-demand-one (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Nahal Toosi, U.S. diplomats slam Israel policy in leaked memo (6 November 2023), Politico. Available at: https://www.politico.com/news/2023/11/06/u-s-diplomats-slam-israel-policy-in-leaked-memo-00125538. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Tovah Lazaroff (13 November 2023) Biden: Gaza hospitals must be protected during IDF military campaign, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-773103. (Accessed: November 13, 2023).

Justin Gomez et al (14 November 2023), US says it has intelligence Hamas has used Gaza’s Al-Shifa Hospital to hold hostages, ABC News. Available at: https://abcnews.go.com/International/us-intelligence-hamas-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-hold/story. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Kyle Fitzgerald (14 November 2023), Biden says he believes Hamas will release hostages, The National. Available at: https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/us-news/2023/11/15/biden-hostages-release/. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Gadi Zaig (16 November 2023), Biden says he made it clear to Israel it would be mistake to occupy Gaza, The Jerusalem Post. Available at: https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-773448. (Accessed: November 15, 2023).

Prem Thakker (14 November 2023), Obama Alumni Call on Former President to “Leverage” Influence for Gaza Ceasefire, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/14/obama-israel-gaza-ceasefire-letter/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Jacob Magid, et al, Biden: Israel’s Gaza operation will end when Hamas no longer able to murder Israelis (16 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/biden-israels-gaza-operation-will-end-when-hamas-no-longer-able-to-murder-israelis/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Hans Nichols and Barak Ravid (3 November 2023) Scoop: State Dept. employee accuses Biden of “genocide” amid calls for Gaza ceasefire, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/11/04/genocide-biden-gaza-ceasefire. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

"We're also talking to Egyptians [about] whether there is an outlet to get these children and women out [of] that area at this moment," he said.

Mr. Biden said he was confident Israel would follow the rules of war.

"I'm confident that there's going to be an ability for the innocents in Gaza to be able to have access to medicine and food and water," he said.

Scott Pelley (19 October 2023), Biden stresses commitment to Israel but says there needs to be a path to a Palestinian state, CBS News. Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-talks-israel-gaza-hamas-60-minutes/. (Accessed: November 17, 2023).

Hans Nichols (13 November 2023) Scoop: Internal State Dept. memo blasts Biden, U.S. policy on Israel-Hamas war, Axios. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/11/13/biden-gaza-hamas-policy-state-department-memo. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Nahal Toosi, U.S. diplomats slam Israel policy in leaked memo (6 November 2023), Politico. Available at: https://www.politico.com/news/2023/11/06/u-s-diplomats-slam-israel-policy-in-leaked-memo-00125538. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Kevin Liptak, et al (3 November 2023), “US warns Israel amid Gaza carnage it doesn’t have long before support erodes, Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/02/politics/biden-administration-warning-israel-gaza-civilians/index.html. (Accessed: November 19, 2023).

Andre Damon, Biden’s plan for “peace” through war and genocide (19 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/20/yklw-n20.html. (Accessed: November 20, 2023).

Wyatt Reed (19 November 2023), Biden Admin Justifies Israel’s Assault on Gaza Hospitals With Recycled Israeli ‘Intelligence,’ scheerpost.com. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/11/19/biden-admin-justifies-israels-assault-on-gaza-hospitals-with-recycled-israeli-intelligence/. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Caitlin Johnstone (23 November 2023) Caitlin Johnstone: White House Fears Gaza Pause Will Let World See Too Much, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/11/23/caitlin-johnstone-white-house-fears-gaza-pause-will-let-world-see-too-much/. (Accessed: November 23, 2023).

Anon., White House anxious Gaza truce will shed light on devastation caused by Israel: Report (22 November 2023), The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/white-house-anxious-gaza-truce-will-shed-light-on-devastation-caused-by-israel-report. (Accessed: November 25, 2023).

Jacob Magid, White House indicates it does not support conditioning aid to Israel (26 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/white-house-biden-does-not-support-conditioning-aid-to-israel/. (Accessed: November 27, 2023).

US: IDF should not displace Gazans en masse in the south like it did in the north (28 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-idf-should-not-displace-gazans-en-masse-in-the-south-like-it-did-in-the-north/. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Anon. (28 November 2023), Biden asks Israel to be more cautious in south Gaza assault, The New Arab. Available at: https://www.newarab.com/news/biden-asks-israel-be-more-cautious-south-gaza-assault. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Solcyre Burga and Mallory Moench (20 October 2023), “Everything President Biden Has Said About the Israel-Hamas War.” Time. Available at: https://time.com/6326332/president-biden-israel-hamas-war/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Doug Rossinow (29 November 2023), “Joe Biden Is Turning Out to Be America’s Most Pro-Israel President Ever.” Time. Available at: https://time.com/6340511/biden-israel-history/. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

B, On Gaza Biden Has To Climb Down More Than He Already Has (29 November 2023), Moonofalabama.org. Available at: https://www.moonofalabama.org/2023/11/on-gaza-biden-has-to-climb-down-more-than-he-already-has.html. (Accessed: November 29, 2023).

Andrew Mitrovica (27 November 2023), Happily, Joe Biden is finished, Al Jazeera. Available at: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/11/27/happily-joe-biden-is-finished. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Peter Baker (27 November 2023), “Biden Hopes to Alter the Trajectory of the War as Hostages Are Released,” The New York Times. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/27/us/politics/biden-israel-hamas-hostages.html. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Michael Birnbaum, (30 November 2023), “Israel agrees to protect civilians when Gaza war resumes, Blinken says.” The Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/11/29/blinken-israel-gaza-hostages/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

  Glenn Kessler (22 November 2023), “Biden yet again says Hamas beheaded babies. Has new evidence emerged?” Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/22/biden-yet-again-says-hamas-beheaded-babies-has-new-evidence-emerged/. (Accessed: December 1, 2023).

Aaron Maté (26 November 2023), Biden endorses Israel’s war to eliminate Gaza, Aaron Mate. Available at: https://www.aaronmate.net/p/biden-endorses-israels-war-to-eliminate (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (1 December 2023), Did The New York Times Just End Bibi’s Political Career?, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/did-the-new-york-times-just-end-bibis. (Accessed: December 2, 2023).

Phillip Weiss (29 November 2023), Biden became ‘Genocide Joe’ thanks to the Israel lobby, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/11/biden-became-genocide-joe-thanks-to-the-israel-lobby/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Trita Parsi (27 November 2023), The Ultimate Cost of Biden’s Refusal to Call for a Full Cease-fire in Gaza, The New Republic. Available at: https://newrepublic.com/article/177048/biden-israel-ceasefire-young-voters-save-democracy. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Steve Holland, et al (4 December 2023) “Inside Biden’s Israel-Hamas war cabinet,” Reuters. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/inside-bidens-israel-hamas-war-cabinet-2023-12-04/ (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), White House urges Israel to honor ‘no-strike’ zones in Gaza, Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2023/12/05/White-House-urges-Israel-to-honor-no-strike-zones-in-Gaza. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Jihan Abdalla (4 December 2023), US says it expects Israel to avoid attacking “no-strike” zones in Gaza, The National. Available at: https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/us-news/2023/12/04/us-says-it-expects-israel-to-avoid-attacking-no-strike-zones-in-gaza/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Glenn Kessler (23 November 2023), “Biden yet again says Hamas beheaded babies. Has new evidence emerged?” Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/22/biden-yet-again-says-hamas-beheaded-babies-has-new-evidence-emerged/. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Natasha Bertrand, et al. (5 December 2023), US officials think Gaza ground operation could end by January as Biden admin privately warns Israel about its tactics, CNN. Available at: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/us-officials-think-gaza-ground-operation-could-end-by-january-as-biden-admin-privately-warns-israel-about-its-tactics/ar-AA1l3efW. (Accessed: December 6, 2023). See also Ben Caspit, Growing US-Israel rift over Gaza war timeline: will Netanyahu budge? (5 December 2023), Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/12/growing-us-israel-rift-over-gaza-war-timeline-will-netanyahu-budge. (Accessed: December 6, 2023) ("The gap between us and the Americans is around three weeks to a month — nothing that cannot be resolved,” a highly placed Israeli diplomatic source told Al-Monitor on condition of anonymity").

AFP News Agency (6 December 2023), US imposes visa sanctions on extremist Israeli settlers over attacks | AFP. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yM6H-mIOWdA (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Center for Security Race and Rights (November2023), Presumptively Antisemitic: Islamophobic Tropes in the Palestine–Israel Discourse, Rutgers Center for Security, Race and Rights. Available at: https://csrr.rutgers.edu/issues/presumptively-antisemitic/ (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Joe Lauria, Not a Penny Nor a Bullet Off the Table (6 December 2023), Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2023/12/06/not-a-penny-nor-a-bullet-off-the-table/. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Arab News (8 December 2023), “US criticizes Israel on Gaza civilian toll as UN to hear ceasefire demand.” Available at: https://www.arabnews.com/node/2422131 (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Osama Ali, Secret meeting between Biden and Netanyahu sets final deadline for Gaza war (no date) Al Bawaba. Available at: https://www.albawaba.com/news/secret-meeting-between-biden-and-netanyahu-sets-final-deadline-gaza-war-1544621. (Accessed: December 10, 2023).

Anon. (9 December 2023), White House Says No Deadline for Israel to End Gaza Onslaught, ScheerPost. Available at: https://scheerpost.com/2023/12/09/white-house-says-no-deadline-for-israel-to-end-gaza-onslaught/. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

The Express Tribune (11 December 2023), US Secretary of State Blinken’s Controversial Stance on Gaza Ceasefire: Perpetuating Problems? Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=libifsYpeQE. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Kyle Anzalone on X: “White House Says It Is ‘Concerned’ About Reports Israel Used White Phosphorous in Lebanon," (11 December 2023), Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/KyleAnzalone_/status/1734280452867866931?. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon., “I Am a Zionist” - Biden Declares, Again (12 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/i-am-a-zionist-biden-declares-again/ (Accessed: December 12, 2023). (Includes embedded video collecting pro-Israel statements by Biden and Kamala Harris.)

Anon. (13 December 2023), Full text of Biden remarks on Bibi, Ben Gvir and “bringing Israel together,” Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/full-text-of-biden-remarks-on-bibi-ben-gvir-and-bringing-israel-together/. (Accessed: December 13, 2023).

Hadar Eid, (9 December 2023), Biden’s white supremacy gives Israel carte blanche to commit genocide, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/content/bidens-white-supremacy-gives-israel-carte-blanche-commit-genocide/42481. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Spencer Ackerman (17 November 2023) “Gaza Shows the Difference Between International Law and the ‘Rules-Based International Order,’” The Nation. Available at: https://www.thenation.com/article/world/rules-based-international-order-israel-gaza/ (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Anon. (13 December 2023), Gaza Gaslighting: US Spox Caught LYING LIVE. Breaking Points. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7c0geDs7uo (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Natasha Bertrand, et al (13 December 2023), Biden administration makes clear it has no plans to place conditions on military aid to Israel despite pressure from lawmakers, CNN. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/13/politics/us-conditions-military-aid-israel/index.html (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Jake Johnson (21 December 2023), Oxfam Says Biden Shares Blame for Mass Starvation in Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-starvation-gaza (Accessed: December 22, 2023).

Anon., US Sharply Condemns Iran For Houthi Attacks On Shipping (23 December 2023), Iran International. Available at: https://www.iranintl.com/en/202312236966 (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Larry Johnson (19 December 2023), The U.S. Navy Is Unprepared for a Prolonged War with Yemen, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/the-u-s-navy-is-unprepared-for-a-prolonged-war-with-yemen/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., Iranian drone behind attack on chemical tanker in Indian Ocean, Pentagon says (24 December 2023), Sky. Available at: https://news.sky.com/story/iranian-drone-behind-attack-on-chemical-tanker-in-indian-ocean-pentagon-says-13037116 (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Anon., Biden admin bypasses Congress for $147.5m weapons sale to Israel – Day 83 (29 December 2023) Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/biden-admin-bypasses-congress-147-5m-weapons-sale-israel-day-83/ (Accessed: December 31, 2023).

Rejection of Irresponsible Statements on Resettlement of Palestinians Outside of Gaza (2 January 2024), United States Department of State. Available at: https://www.state.gov/rejection-of-irresponsible-statements-on-resettlement-of-palestinians-outside-of-gaza/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Prem Thakker on X: “White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby calls South Africa’s 84-page suit accusing Israel of genocide ‘meritless, counterproductive, and completely without any basis in fact whatsoever.’ Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/prem_thakker/status/1742665626752294951 (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Aaron Mate (5 January 2024), In Gaza genocide, US defends Israel’s ‘aura of power,’ AM, Substack.com. Available at: https://substack.com/home/post/p-140393509 (Accessed: January 6, 2024).

Anon. (5 January 2024). ‘I Cannot Be Quietly Complicit’: Biden Official Resigns Over Gaza Assault. ScheerPost. https://scheerpost.com/2024/01/04/i-cannot-be-quietly-complicit-biden-official-resigns-over-gaza-assault/ (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

Anon., Zionists have hijacked Biden admin’s foreign policy posts: ex-Senate candidate. (16 March 2021). Tehran Times. https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/459171/Zionists-have-hijacked-Biden-admin-s-foreign-policy-posts-ex-Senate (Accessed: January 8, 2024).

CBC News (18 January 2024), “Israeli PM tells U.S. he opposes a two-state solution in postwar Gaza.” Available at: https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/israel-palestinians-netanyahu-two-state-solution-1.7087705 (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Ben Norton (18 January 2024), Is a huge war coming? US bombs Yemen, Iraq & Syria. Israel bombs Gaza & Lebanon. Both threaten IranGeopolitical Economy Report. Available at: https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2024/01/18/war-us-israel-yemen-iraq-syria-iran/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Stephanie Kirchgaessner, ‘Different rules’: special policies keep US supplying weapons to Israel despite alleged abuses (20 January 2024), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/different-rules-special-policies-keep-us-supplying-weapons-to-israel-despite-alleged-abuses/ (Accessed: January 20, 2024).

Daniel Larison (2 February 2024), Unreal: White House still denies Mideast turmoil linked to Gaza, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/biden-gaza-houthis-iran/ (Accessed: February 7, 2024).

Tyler Durden, US Warns Against Impending Israeli Assault On Refugee-Packed Rafah (8 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-warns-against-impending-israeli-assault-refugee-packed-rafah (Accessed: February 8, 2024).

Jake Johnson (9 February 2024), Biden Calls Israel’s War on Gaza ’Over the Top’—But Keeps Sending Arms, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-israel-over-the-top (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Kathleen Martin, Dearborn residents denounce Wall Street Journal slander of city as “jihad capital” (9 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/09/hhmv-f09.html (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

Anon., Top Biden aide tells US-Arab leaders he has no confidence in Israeli government (2024) Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/top-biden-aide-tells-us-arab-leaders-there-is-no-confidence-in-israeli-government/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Jacob Magid, Biden sets new conditions for US military aid amid calls to limit support for Israel (10 February 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/biden-sets-new-conditions-for-us-military-aid-amid-calls-to-limit-support-for-israel/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

David Hearst (9 February 2024), Biden and Starmer will pay a heavy price for supporting Israel’s war in Gaza, Middle East Eye. Available at: https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/gaza-war-biden-starmer-pay-heavy-price-supporting-israel-war (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

The White House (3 January 2024), A Joint Statement from the Governments of the United States, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Singapore, and the United Kingdom, The White House. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/01/03/a-joint-statement-from-the-governments-of-the-united-states-australia-bahrain-belgium-canada-denmark-germany-italy-japan-netherlands-new-zealand-and-the-united-kingdom/ (Accessed: February 12, 2024). (Red Sea closure.)

Lazar Berman, Biden reportedly fed up with Netanyahu, calling him “asshole” over management of war (12 February 2024), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/biden-reportedly-fed-up-with-netanyahu-calls-him-asshole-over-conduct-of-gaza-war/ (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Adam Johnson (22 December 2023), The Biden White House’s feigned “concern” over Gaza deaths, The Real News Network. Available at: http://therealnews.com/the-biden-white-houses-feigned-concern-over-gaza-deaths (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Caitlin Johnstone (12 February 2024), Ignore What Western Officials Say About Israel; Watch Their Actions Instead, Caitlin’s Newsletter. Available at: https://www.caitlinjohnst.one/p/ignore-what-western-officials-say (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Andre Damon, Biden reaffirms US support for Israel as Netanyahu pledges to proceed with assault on Rafah (12 February 2024), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20240214020728/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2024/02/12/iivj-f12.html (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Jake Johnson (14 February 2024), Biden Has No Plan to Punish Israel for Rafah Invasion as UN Warns of “Slaughter,” Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-israel-rafah-invasion (Accessed: February 14, 2024).

Olivia Rosane (14 February 2024), Our Revolution Backs “Uncommitted” Campaign Against Biden in Michigan, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/our-revolution-uncommitted-michigan (Accessed: February 15, 2024).

Julia Conley (19 February 2024), Levin to Biden: “If We Don’t Change Course” on Gaza, “We Can’t Win” in November, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/andy-levin-biden (Accessed: February 20, 2024).

Anon., Settlement Expansion “Inconsistent with Intl. Law” - Blinken Reverses “Pompeo Doctrine” (24 February 2024), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/settlement-expansion-inconsistent-with-intl-law-blinken-reverses-pompeo-doctrine/ (Accessed: February 24, 2024).

Anon. (28 February 2024), J’lem must sign promise to abide by int’l law while using US weapons, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/jlem-must-sign-promises-to-abide-by-intl-law-while-using-us-weapons/ (Accessed: February 28, 2024).

Julia Conley (29 February 2024), Organizers Expand “Uncommitted” Primary Campaigns to Push Biden on GazaCommon Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/uncommitted-states (Accessed: February 29, 2024).

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Influence on Israel

As Lara Friedman, President of the Foundation for Middle East Peace put it, “Hard to see how this is anything other than the Biden Admin giving a green light to an outcome that will amount to direct ethnic cleansing.”

Indeed, it sounds very much like the United States is preparing for a scenario where the people of Gaza, who are already overwhelmingly refugees, will be permanently displaced yet again. And Egypt would be the targeted location.

Mitchell Plitnick (27 October 2023), Plan to force Palestinians to Sinai yet another Biden disaster, Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/10/plan-to-force-palestinians-to-sinai-yet-another-biden-disaster/. (Accessed: 30 October 2023).

These actions leave little doubt that it is Washington taking the lead in this war, not Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, his defense minister, or his chief of staff. Tel Aviv isn't remotely trying to conceal this fact either. As prominent Israeli journalist Yossi Yehoshua stated, “the United States has complete control over the battle in Gaza.”

Hasan Illaik (17 October 2023), Trouble ahead for the US and Israel in GazaThe Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/trouble-ahead-for-the-us-and-israel-in-gaza (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Anon. (7 November 2023), Iran’s Khamenei urges Iraq PM to pressure US over Gaza , Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/irans-khamenei-urges-iraq-pm-pressure-us-over-gaza. (Accessed: 8 November 2023). (The Iranian leader "claimed that there was more than enough evidence proving that "America was directly leading the war," without which Israel would be unable to press ahead.")

Jean Shaoul, How the US funds its Israeli attack dog (19 November 2023), World Socialist Web Site. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2023/11/19/zhdn-n19.html. (Accessed: November 21, 2023).

Anon., Gallant: We can’t say ‘no’ to the US on humanitarian aid given how much they do for us (20 October 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/gallant-we-cant-say-no-to-the-us-on-humanitarian-aid-given-how-much-they-do-for-us// (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Israel’s dependence on the United States was stated bluntly by retired IDF Maj. General Yitzhak Brick in an interview earlier this week.

“All of our missiles, the ammunition, the precision-guided bombs, all the airplanes and bombs, it’s all from the U.S. The minute they turn off the tap, you can’t keep fighting. You have no capability. … Everyone understands that we can’t fight this war without the United States. Period.”

Caroline Glick (29 November 2023), Biden is the primary obstacle to Israeli victory, Center for Security Policy. Available at: https://centerforsecuritypolicy.org/biden-is-the-primary-obstacle-to-israeli-victory/. (Accessed: December 8, 2023).

Allison Weir (2023) Former senior Pentagon official: Washington under the control of Israel, Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/former-senior-pentagon-official-washington-under-the-control-of-israel/. (Accessed: December 10, 2023).

Cyrus Janssen (6 December 2023) US army Colonel Douglas Macgregor reveals TRUTH about Israel. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_m05mUzjgbQ. (Accessed: December 10, 2023). ("Washington is firmly under the control of Israel and its supporters in the United States. … Support for Israel at this stage is effectively unconditional.")

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Judicial Branch

Maureen Murphy (15 November 2023), Palestinians sue Biden to stop Gaza genocide, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/maureen-clare-murphy/palestinians-sue-biden-stop-gaza-genocide. (Accessed: November 16, 2023); see also Prem Thakker (13 November 2023), Palestinians Sue Biden for Failing to Prevent Genocide in GazaThe Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/13/gaza-lawsuit-biden-israel-genocide/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023). See also case documents at https://ccrjustice.org/home/what-we-do/our-cases/defense-children-international-palestine-v-biden.

Anon. (3 January 2024), Banned SJP chapters at two Florida universities sue schools, state officials, JNS.org. Available at: https://www.jns.org/banned-sjp-chapters-at-two-florida-universities-sue-schools-state-officials/ (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

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Israel Lobby

Jim Bracco, The Jewish Lobby (16 January 2024), Articlebiz.com. Available at: https://articlebiz.com/article/1052218096-the-jewish-lobby (Accessed: February 6, 2024). (List of worldwide nongovernmental Jewish political organizations.)

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Relationship to Ukraine War

Stanislav Pohorilov (16 October 2023), Israel rejects Zelenskyy: Time is not right, Ukrainska Pravda. Available at: https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/10/16/7424350/ (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

Anon., US Diverting Weapons to Israel from Ukraine – Report (19 October 2023). Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/us-diverting-weapons-to-israel-from-ukraine-report/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Tyler Durden (7 November 2023), Zelensky Nixes ‘Surprise’ Israel Visit After Plans Leaked, ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/zelensky-nixes-surprise-israel-visit-after-plans-leaked. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Henry Foy (17 October 2023), Rush by west to back Israel erodes developing countries’ support for Ukraine. FinancialTimes. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/e0b43918-7eaf-4a11-baaf-d6d7fb61a8a5. [Accessed 9 Nov. 2023].

Anon. (6 December 2023), Ukrainian volunteers come to Israel to return favor, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6e1AcUTmjs. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

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Polls

https://harvardharrispoll.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/HHP_Oct23_KeyResults.pdf

Domenico Montanaro (13 October 2023), “Americans strongly support Israel, but there are generational and racial divides,” NPR. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2023/10/13/1205627092/american-support-israel-biden-middle-east-hamas-poll. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Anthony Salvanto, et al, (19 October 2023). Amid concern about wider war, Americans give mixed reactions to Biden’s approach toward Israel-Hamas conflict, CBS News. Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/israel-hamas-war-biden-opinion/ (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

Anon., (25 October 2023). Monitor/Premise poll: 82% of Americans wary of US intervention in Israel-Hamas war, Al Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/10/al-monitorpremise-poll-82-americans-wary-us-intervention-israel-hamas-war (Accessed: 26 October 2023).
  
Anon., 85% Of Voters Concerned Israel - Hamas War Will Escalate Into A Wider War In The Middle East, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Approval For Building Border Wall With Mexico Reaches Record High: Quinnipiac University Poll (17 October 2023). Available at: https://poll.qu.edu/poll-release?releaseid=3880. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Anon. (20 October 2023), Voters Agree the U.S. Should Call for a Ceasefire and De-Escalation of Violence in Gaza to Prevent Civilian Deaths, Data For Progress. Available at: https://www.dataforprogress.org/blog/2023/10/19/voters-agree-the-us-should-call-for-a-ceasefire-and-de-escalation-of-violence-in-gaza. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Jake Johnson (26 October 2023) Biden Approval Among Democrats Falls 11 Points as He Greenlights Israeli Assault on Gaza, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-approval-democrats-gaza (Accessed: 27 October 2023).

Anon. (31 October 2023), Arab Americans Special Poll: Domestic Implications of the Most Recent Outbreak of Violence in Palestine/Israel, Arab American Institute. Available at: https://www.aaiusa.org/library/arab-americans-special-poll-domestic-implications-of-the-most-recent-outbreak-of-violence-in-palestineisrael. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Jim VandeHein and Mike Allen (6 November 2023), Behind the Curtain: Biden's race problem. Available at: https://www.axios.com/2023/11/06/biden-black-hispanic-voters-losing-polls/. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Ron Kampeas. (2 November 2023). What the polls say about Americans’ support for Israel, Biden and the war in Gaza, Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Available at: https://www.jta.org/2023/11/02/politics/what-the-polls-say-about-americans-support-for-israel-biden-and-the-war-in-gaza. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

Alex Seitz-Wald, Poll shows Biden support slumping among Michigan Muslims (6 November 2023) NBCNews.com. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/poll-shows-biden-support-slumping-michigan-muslims-rcna123732. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Anon., Poll shows majority of Australians want a ceasefire in Gaza. (9 November 2023), Australia Palestine Advocacy Network. Available at: https://apan.org.au/media_release/poll-shows-majority-of-australians-want-a-ceasefire-in-gaza/. (Accessed: November 10, 2023).

Anon., Ceasefire Poll (10 November 2023). Available at: https://social.vivaldi.net/@luckytran@med-mastodon.com/111389713938419766. (Accessed: November 11, 2023).

Democracy Now!, (8 November 2023), Arab American Support for Biden Plummets over Gaza Ahead of 2024 Election. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5888jjr5HgY. (Accessed: November 12, 2023). (Interview with pollster James Zogby.)

Anon., Polls: US Jews back Biden’s handling of Gaza war; Americans as a whole, less so (16 November 2023), Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/polls-us-jews-approve-of-bidens-handling-of-gaza-war/. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Support For Israel Drops As 68% Of Americans Want Ceasefire, Negotiations (16 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/support-israel-drops-68-americans-want-ceasefire-negotiations. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., U.S. Voters Support Netanyahu’s Refusal to Order Ceasefire in War Against Hamas Terrorists (8 November 2023) MRCTV. Available at: https://mrctv.org/blog/craig-bannister/us-voters-support-netanyahus-refusal-order-ceasefire-war-against-hamas. (Accessed: November 28, 2023).

Phillip Weiss (3 December 2023), Weekly Briefing: Half of Americans under 35 see Hamas attack as ‘justified by Palestinian grievances,’ Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2023/12/weekly-briefing-half-of-americans-under-35-see-hamas-attack-as-justified-by-palestinian-grievances/. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Branco Marcetic, Voters Are Leaving Joe Biden in Droves Over His Support for Israel (22 November 2023), Jacobin.com. Available at: https://jacobin.com/2023/11/joe-biden-polls-reelection-israel-war-gaza-palestine-democratic-party. (Accessed: December 7, 2023).

Trita Parsi (27 November 2023), The Ultimate Cost of Biden’s Refusal to Call for a Full Cease-fire in Gaza, The New Republic. Available at: https://newrepublic.com/article/177048/biden-israel-ceasefire-young-voters-save-democracy (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Trump Is Absolutely Smoking Biden In Yet Another Major Poll (9 December 2023), ZeroHedge. (Accessed December 10, 2023).

Anon. (20 October 2023), Voters Agree the U.S. Should Call for a Ceasefire and De-Escalation of Violence in Gaza to Prevent Civilian Deaths, Data For Progress. Available at: https://www.dataforprogress.org/blog/2023/10/19/voters-agree-the-us-should-call-for-a-ceasefire-and-de-escalation-of-violence-in-gaza. (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Jonathan Weisman, et al (19 December 2023), “Poll Finds Wide Disapproval of Biden on Gaza, and Little Room to Shift Gears,” 19 December. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20231219082027/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/19/us/politics/biden-israel-gaza-poll.html (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Jon Levine (16 December 2023), “Majority of Americans 18-24 think Israel should ‘be ended and given to Hamas,’” New York Post, 23 December. Available at: https://nypost.com/2023/12/16/news/majority-of-americans-18-24-think-israel-should-be-ended-and-given-to-hamas/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Brooke Anderson, AIPAC’s vast campaign to unseat pro-Palestine US lawmakers (21 December 2023), Israel Palestine News. Available at: https://israelpalestinenews.org/aipacs-vast-campaign-to-unseat-pro-palestine-us-lawmakers/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Sharon Zhang (21 November 2023), Biden Approval Hits Low With 70 Percent of Young Voters Opposing His Gaza Policy, Truthout. Available at: https://truthout.org/articles/biden-approval-hits-low-with-70-percent-of-young-voters-opposing-his-gaza-policy/ (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

(No date) Harvardharrispoll.com. Available at: https://harvardharrispoll.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/HHP_Dec23_KeyResults.pdf (Accessed: December 30, 2023). (Field dates 13 and 14 December 2023.)

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Support for Israel

Times of Israel Staff (10 October 2023) First plane with ‘advanced’ US ammo lands at airbase; Blinken to visit Israel, The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog-october-10-2023/ (Accessed: 21 October 2023).

Amid pressure from some Democrats who have expressed empathy toward Palestinians, Biden had said during a recent press gaggle that the question of aid to Israel with conditions is a “worthwhile thought.”

Asked by Welker if the administration would support that, Sullivan said: “In that answer, President [Joe] Biden acknowledged that idea but he went on to say that his approach — President Biden’s approach, which was high-level private diplomacy — has actually generated results.”

Pressed by Welker to clarify if Biden is “open to signing legislation that would provide aid to Israel that comes with conditions,” Sullivan did not rule it out.

Summer Concepcion (26 November 2023), National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan does not rule out Biden sending aid to Israel with conditions, NBC News. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/nsa-jake-sullivan-says-white-house-reason-believe-one-us-hostage-will-rcna126698. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Stephen Semler, US Weapons Shipments to Israel Are Enabling War Crimes (22 November 2023), Jacobin.com. Available at: https://jacobin.com/2023/11/us-weapons-shipments-biden-administration-war-crimes-civilian-deaths-gaza/. (Accessed: November 30, 2023).

Michael Brown (3 December 2023), Israeli and American leaders united for Gaza carnage, The Electronic Intifada. Available at: https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/michael-f-brown/israeli-and-american-leaders-united-gaza-carnage. (Accessed: December 3, 2023).

Ken Klippenstein (25 November 2023), Joe Biden Moves to Lift Nearly Every Restriction on Israel’s Access to U.S. Weapons Stockpile, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2023/11/25/biden-israel-weapons-stockpile-arms-gaza/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Al Arabiya English (9 December 2023), Biden administration uses emergency authority to allow sale of tank shells to Israel, Al Arabiya English. Available at: https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2023/12/09/US-approves-potential-sale-of-tank-cartridges-to-Israel. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Canaan Lidor, American Jewry raised $1 billion for Israel in first month of war, scholars say (2023) Timesofisrael.com. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/american-jewry-raised-1-billion-for-israel-in-first-month-of-war-scholars-say/. (Accessed: December 16, 2023).

Reza Javadi (13 December 2023), US faces isolation for aiding and abetting Gaza genocide, defying world opinion, PressTV. Available at: https://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2023/12/13/716303/us-faces-isolation-aiding-abetting-gaza-genocide-defying-world-opinion (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Tyler Durden, US Defense Chief In Israel Pressuring Netanyahu Govt To Scale Back Killing (18 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/us-defense-chief-israel-pressuring-netanyahu-govt-scale-back-killing (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Israel Pressures US For More Apache Helicopters Even While Owning Up To Mass Civilian Casualty Airstrikes (29 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israel-pressures-us-more-apache-helicopters-even-while-owning-mass-civilian-casualty (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Abigail Hauslohner (9 January 2024), “Democrats say Biden must notify Congress about Israel arms transfers.” The Washington Post, Available at: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2024/01/09/israel-weapons-biden-democrats/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Jake Johnson (19 January 2024), Biden Admin Signals Arms Will Keep Flowing as Netanyahu Rejects Palestinian StateCommon Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/biden-israel-weapons (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Phillip Weiss (22 January 2024), Weekly Briefing: Israel’s war on Gaza causes ‘cracks in the edifice of hypocrisy,' Mondoweiss. Available at: https://mondoweiss.net/2024/01/weekly-briefing-israels-war-on-gaza-causes-cracks-in-the-edifice-of-hypocrisy/ (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Olivia Rosane (19 January 2024), Pressley, Raskin Lead Call for Biden to Oppose “Forced Expulsion” of Gazans, Common Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/pressley-raskin-forced-expulsion-gaza-gaza (Accessed: January 22, 2024).

Jeremy Kuzmarov (2 February 2024), 250 U.S. Cargo Planes and At Least 20 Ships Have Delivered More Than 10,000 Tons of Armaments and Military Equipment to Israel Since War on Gaza Started, CovertAction Magazine - Exposing Covert Action Since 1978. Available at: https://covertactionmagazine.com/2024/02/02/250-u-s-cargo-planes-and-at-least-20-ships-have-delivered-more-than-10000-tons-of-armaments-and-military-equipment-to-israel-since-war-on-gaza-started/ (Accessed: February 10, 2024).

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Boots on the Ground

Tim Hains (24 October 2023), Macgregor: U.S. And Israeli Special Forces Went On Scouting Mission To Gaza And Were "Shot To Pieces." Available at: https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2023/10/24/macgregor_us_and_israel_special_forces_went_on_a_scouting_mission_to_gaza_and_were_shot_to_pieces.html (Accessed: 26 October 2023). (Embedded video of McGregor and Tucker Carlson.)
  
Anon., US special forces assisting Israel in Gaza conflict: Reports (1 November 2023) The Cradle. Available at: https://new.thecradle.co/articles/us-special-forces-assisting-israel-in-gaza-conflict-reports (Accessed: 6 November 2023).

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U.S. Intelligence Failure

Gal Beckerman (7 October 2023) ‘The Middle East Region Is Quieter Today Than It Has Been in Two Decades’, The Atlantic. Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2023/10/israel-war-middle-east-jake-sullivan/675580/ (Accessed: 26 October 2023). (Quoting National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan.)

Branco Marcetic (20 October 2023) Forget ‘peace,’ did Abraham Accords set stage for Israel-Gaza conflict?Responsible Statecraft. Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/abraham-accords-peace-middle-east/. (Accessed: 24 October 2023).

John Kiriakou (24 October 2023), Biden Claims CIA and Pentagon Determined Gaza Hospital Strike Originated in Gaza-But Where’s the Proof? CovertAction Magazine. Available at: https://covertactionmagazine.com/2023/10/24/biden-claims-cia-and-pentagon-determined-gaza-hospital-strike-originated-in-gaza-but-wheres-the-proof/. (Accessed: 2 November 2023).

Joshua Arnold, How the Biden Administration Misread the Middle East (4 November 2023) ,The Patriot Post. Available at: https://patriotpost.us/opinion/101880-how-the-biden-administration-misread-the-middle-east-2023-11-04 (Accessed: 5 November 2023).

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War Against Iranian Proxies

Brad Dress (9 November 2023), “Pentagon confirms four new attacks on US bases after defensive airstrike,” The Hill. Available at: https://thehill.com/policy/defense/4302619-pentagon-confirms-four-new-attacks-on-us-bases-after-defensive-airstrike/ (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Pentagon Confirms Series Of New Attacks On Bases In Syria, Iraq After Latest US Airstrikes (9 November 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/military/pentagon-confirms-series-new-attacks-bases-syria-iraq-after-latest-us-airstrikes. (Accessed: November 12, 2023).

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War Against Syria?

B, U.S. Deploys Large Force - Eyes On Syria (17 October 2023), Moonofalabama.org. Available at: https://www.moonofalabama.org/2023/10/us-deploys-large-force-eyes-on-syria.html. (Accessed: November 9, 2023).

Kelley Vlahos (29 November 2023), Rand Paul to force vote on Syria troop withdrawal, Responsible Statecraft. Available at: https://responsiblestatecraft.org/pulling-out-of-syria-rand-paul/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon., Number Of Attacks On US Bases In Iraq & Syria Pushes Past 80 (9 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/military/number-attacks-us-bases-iraq-syria-pushes-past-80. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

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Yemen

Anon., ‘Likely Targeting Israel’: US Says It Intercepted Houthi Missiles, Drones. (19 October 2023). Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/likely-targeting-israel-us-say-it-intercepted-houthi-missiles-drones/ (Accessed: 20 October 2023).

Andrew Korybko (7 November 2023), What Did The Houthis’ Attempted Bombing Of Israel Aim To Achieve? Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/what-did-the-houthis-attempted-bombing. (Accessed: 8 November 2023).

Jared Szuba, US Navy intercepts drone fired from Yemen amid Gaza war (15 November 2023). Al-Monitor. Available at: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/11/us-navy-intercepts-drone-fired-yemen-amid-gaza-war. (Accessed: November 16, 2023).

Anon., Israeli “Assassination” Ship Attacked in Indian Ocean - Media Reports (25 November 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/israeli-assassination-ship-attacked-in-indian-ocean-media-reports/. (Accessed: November 26, 2023).

Anon., More Distress Calls - Yemeni Armed Forces Announce Targeting Israeli Ships in Red Sea (3 Decembeer 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/more-distress-calls-yemeni-armed-forces-announce-targeting-israeli-ships-in-red-sea/ (Accessed: December 4, 2023). (Also fired at U.S.S. Carney, a destroyer.)

Anon., White House Says Red Sea Ship Attacks Were Enabled by Iran (4 December 2023), MarineLink. Available at: https://www.marinelink.com/news/white-house-says-red-sea-ship-attacks-509882. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), US, allies in talks on naval task force to protect shipping in Red Sea after Houthi attacks, WKMG News 6. Available at: https://www.clickorlando.com/news/politics/2023/12/04/us-allies-in-talks-on-naval-task-force-to-protect-shipping-in-red-sea-after-houthi-attacks/. (Accessed: December 4, 2023).

Anon. (4 December 2023), Yemeni soldiers unleash warplanes on Israeli capital; Thousands evacuated! Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bbZfBB3Vzmw. (Accessed: December 5, 2023).

Anon., US navy shoots down drone from Houthi-controlled area of Yemen (6 December 2023), Sky News. Available at: https://news.sky.com/story/israel-gaza-latest-us-steps-up-pressure-on-israel-with-visa-ban-as-un-tells-netanyahu-military-operation-has-to-stop-12978800. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon., “From Our Fighters to the Fighters in Gaza”: Who are Yemen’s Ansarallah? (6 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/from-our-fighters-to-the-fighters-in-gaza-who-are-yemens-ansarallah/. (Accessed: December 6, 2023).

Anon., US Tells Israel Not To Strike The Houthis In Yemen (9 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-tells-israel-not-strike-houthis-yemen. (Accessed: December 9, 2023).

Dave DeCamp (7 December 2023), US Tells Israel Not to Strike the Houthis in Yemen, Antiwar.com. Available at: https://news.antiwar.com/2023/12/07/us-tells-israel-not-to-strike-the-houthis-in-yemen/. (Accessed: December 10, 2023).

Jon Gambrell (3 December 2023), 3 commercial ships hit by missiles in Houthi attack in Red Sea, US warship downs 3 drones, AP News. Available at: https://apnews.com/article/red-sea-houthi-yemen-ships-attack-israel-hamas-war-gaza-strip-716770f0a780160e9abed98d3c48fbde. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

Anon. (December 12, 2023), The Palestine Chronicle on X: “ANSARALLAH: The military spokesman for the Ansar Allah Movement confirmed that a Norwegian ship heading to Israel was targeted with a naval missile." Available at: https://twitter.com/PalestineChron/status/1734502902251602093. (Accessed: December 12, 2023).

John Gambrell, 2 Attacks Launched by Yemen’s Houthi Rebels Strike Container Ships in Vital Red Sea Corridor (15 December 2023), Military.com. Available at: https://www.military.com/daily-news/2023/12/15/2-attacks-launched-yemens-houthi-rebels-strike-container-ships-vital-red-sea-corridor.html. (Accessed: December 15, 2023).

Anon. (17 December 2023), “Hopes for fresh truce as Israel keeps up attacks in Gaza,” Dawn, 17 December. Available at: https://www.dawn.com (Accessed: December 17, 2023).

Tyler Durden, “Operation Prosperity Guardian” - Pentagon To Launch Expansive Naval Coalition To Defend Red Sea Passage (18 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/global-trade-risk-shippers-shun-red-sea-over-houthis-attacks (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Tyler Durden, BP, Evergreen, Euronav Halt Sailings Through Chaotic Red Sea As Insurers Demand “War Risk Coverage” (no date) ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/bp-halts-all-tanker-sailings-through-red-sea-uk-navy-receives-report-possible (Accessed: December 18, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Houthis Vow To Keep Up Attacks After US Unveils Details Of Ten-Nation Naval Force (19 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/houthis-vow-keep-attacks-us-unveils-details-multi-national-naval-force (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Tony Diver, et al (20 December 2023), “Biden draws up plans for missile strikes on Houthis,” The Daily Telegraph. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/19/britain-joins-international-red-sea-naval-effort-houthis/ (Accessed: December 19, 2023).

Anon. (19 December 2023), Israel: revenue from Eilat port drops by 80% due to Houthi Red Sea attacks, Middle East Monitor. Available at: https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20231219-israel-revenue-from-eilat-port-drops-by-80-due-to-houthi-red-sea-attacks/ (Accessed: December 20, 2023).

Anon. (21 December 2023), Yemen Threatens MASSIVE War As Israel Economy Craters, Breaking Point, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0g56ZSO3wQ (Accessed: December 22, 2023).

Anon., US Sharply Condemns Iran For Houthi Attacks On Shipping (23 December 2023), Iran International. Available at: https://www.iranintl.com/en/202312236966 (Accessed: December 23, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Pentagon’s Operation Prosperity Guardian “Falls Apart” As Spain, Italy, France Reject Request (23 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/pentagons-operation-prosperity-guardian-falls-apart-spain-italy-france-reject-request (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Israel’s Eilat Port Sees 85% Drop In Activity As Mediterranean Imports Also Take Hit (23 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/israels-eilat-port-sees-85-drop-activity-mediterranean-imports-also-take-hit (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Larry Johnson (19 December 2023), The U.S. Navy Is Unprepared for a Prolonged War with Yemen, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/the-u-s-navy-is-unprepared-for-a-prolonged-war-with-yemen/ (Accessed: December 24, 2023).

Hasnat Pakistani on X: More than 20,000 armed volunteers of the General Mobilization Forces in Yemen are preparing to fight for Palestine at any moment, Twitter. Available at: https://twitter.com/HasnatPakistani/status/1739328040197316613 (Accessed: December 26, 2023).

John Helmer, The US Prepares Its Ukraine War Coalition Fleet in the Red Sea to Protect Israel, Attack Yemen – Russia Responds (19 December 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.net/the-us-prepares-its-ukraine-war-coalition-fleet-in-the-red-sea-to-protect-israel-attack-yemen-russia-responds/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Tyler Durden, Another Container Ship Attacked In Red Sea As Houthis Act With Impunity (26 December 2023), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/another-container-ship-attacked-red-sea-houthis-act-impunity (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Mike Whitney (23 December 2023), The Houthis Have Biden By the Shorthairs, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/the-houthis-have-biden-by-the-shorthairs/ (Accessed: December 27, 2023).

Mike Whitney (26 December 2023), Will Biden Will Be Forced to Send Ground Troops to Yemen?, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/mwhitney/will-biden-will-be-forced-to-send-ground-troops-to-yemen/ (Accessed: December 28, 2023).

Anon. (6 December 2023), Seized “Israeli ship” Galaxy Leader becomes tourist hotspot, Reuters, ynetnews. Available at: https://www.ynetnews.com/article/bk6h8p6st (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

John Helmer, Russian Identification of Houthi Tanker Target in Indian Ocean – How the Western Media Are Protecting the Israelis (24 December 2023), Dances With Bears. Available at: https://johnhelmer.net/russian-identification-of-houti-tanker-target-in-indian-ocean-how-the-western-media-are-protecting-the-israelis/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Larry Johnson (19 December 2023), The U.S. Navy Is Unprepared for a Prolonged War with Yemen, The Unz Review. Available at: https://www.unz.com/article/the-u-s-navy-is-unprepared-for-a-prolonged-war-with-yemen/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Anon., US Coalition of the (Un)willing in Yemen is Off to Bad Start - ANALYSIS (29 December 2023), Palestine Chronicle. Available at: https://www.palestinechronicle.com/us-coalition-of-the-unwilling-in-yemen-is-off-to-bad-start-analysis/ (Accessed: December 29, 2023).

Andrew Korybko (4 January 2024), Russia’s Condemnation Of The Houthis’ Maritime Attacks Discredits A Popular Narrative, Andrew Korybko’s Newsletter. Available at: https://korybko.substack.com/p/russias-condemnation-of-the-houthis (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Tyler Durden, Houthis Claim Another Container Ship Attack As Middle East Turmoil Worsens (3 January 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/houthis-claim-another-container-ship-attack-middle-east-turmoil-worsens (Accessed: January 4, 2024).

Anon. (5 January 2024), Larry Johnson: Houthis have enough anti-ship missiles & drones to destroy entire US fleet in Red Sea. Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tr1-V2pJTn0 (Accessed: January 9, 2024).

E.J. Ward (10 January 2024), British warship in Red Sea “fires guns and missiles” downing attack drones in “largest Houthi attack,” LBC. Available at: https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/hms-diamond-red-sea-houthi-attack/ (Accessed: January 10, 2024).

Brett Wilkins (11 January 2024), Fears of Wider War as US, UK Bomb YemenCommon Dreams. Available at: https://www.commondreams.org/news/u-s-bombing-yemen (Accessed: January 12, 2024).

Anon., (14 January 2024), PANIC! Russia Makes U Turn, Deploys Warships To Defend Yemen From “Illegal Attacks” OpenMindedThinker Show, Youtube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6S16y-Xwdw (Accessed: January 14, 2024).

Eric Schmitt and Helene Cooper (11 January 2024), “U.S. Missiles Strike Targets in Yemen Linked to the Houthi Militia.” Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20240115102944/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/11/us/politics/us-houthi-missile-strikes.html (Accessed: January 15, 2024).

Jon Gambrell, The US Strikes the Yemen-Based Houthis Again, Hitting Anti-Ship Missiles, US Official Says (16 January 2024), Military.com. Available at: https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/01/16/us-military-seizes-iranian-missile-parts-bound-houthi-rebels-raid-where-2-seals-went-missing.html (Accessed: January 16, 2024).

Tyler Durden, US Mulls More Aggressive, Stepped-Up Measures Against Houthis (20 January 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-mulls-more-aggressive-stepped-measures-against-houthis (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Trita Parsi (15 January 2024), “How Biden Can Stop Houthi Missile Attacks—Without Risking War.” Time.  Available at: https://time.com/6555620/us-strikes-houthis-yemen/ (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Muttaza Hussain (19 January 2024), The Houthis May Have Checkmated Biden in Red Sea Standoff, The Intercept. Available at: https://theintercept.com/2024/01/19/houthis-yemen-biden-airstrikes/ (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Tyler Durden, US Mulls More Aggressive, Stepped-Up Measures Against Houthis (20 January 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-mulls-more-aggressive-stepped-measures-against-houthis (Accessed: January 21, 2024).

Tasnim News Agency (9 February 2024), Yemeni Official Issues Ultimatum to Foreign Warships in Red Sea, Tasnim News Agency. Available at: https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2024/02/09/3036712/yemeni-official-issues-ultimatum-to-foreign-warships-in-red-sea (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

Alan MacLeod (8 February 2024), Corporate Media’s Push for US War in Yemen, Consortiumnews.com. Available at: https://consortiumnews.com/2024/02/08/corporate-medias-push-for-us-war-in-yemen/ (Accessed: February 11, 2024).

The White House (3 January 2024), A Joint Statement from the Governments of the United States, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Singapore, and the United Kingdom, The White House. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/01/03/a-joint-statement-from-the-governments-of-the-united-states-australia-bahrain-belgium-canada-denmark-germany-italy-japan-netherlands-new-zealand-and-the-united-kingdom/ (Accessed: February 12, 2024). (Red Sea closure.)

Sam Dagher and Mohammed Hatem, Iran-Backed Houthis Prepare for Long Red Sea Battle with US (22 February 2024), Military.com. Available at: https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/02/22/iran-backed-houthis-prepare-long-red-sea-battle-us.html (Accessed: February 23, 2024).

Tyler Durden, US Officials “Surprised” By Houthi Military Capabilities (27 February 2024), ZeroHedge. Available at: https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/us-officials-surprised-houthi-military-capabilities (Accessed: February 27, 2024).

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